Change in lipid profile in celiac disease: beneficial effect of gluten-free diet

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Am J Med. 2006 Sep;119(9):786-90.

Change in lipid profile in celiac disease: beneficial effect of

gluten-free diet.

Brar P, Kwon GY, Holleran S, Bai D, Tall AR, Ramakrishnan R, Green PH.

Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians

and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.

PURPOSE: Celiac disease is associated with hypocholesterolemia,

which is thought to contribute to a favorable cardiovascular risk

profile. This led to suggestions that the diagnosis of celiac disease

and its treatment with a gluten-free diet may result in elevation of the

serum cholesterol level and worsen this risk profile. However, no study

proves this in adults. We therefore examined the effect of a gluten-free

diet on the lipid profile in patients with celiac disease. SUBJECTS AND

METHODS: We identified 132 patients with celiac disease who adhered to a

gluten-free diet and had lipid profiles performed before and after a

median of 20.5 months on the diet. The patients lacked diseases that may

affect serum lipids. RESULTS: There were significant increases in total

cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (P < .0001)

but not low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (P=.06). The LDL/HDL

ratio decreased by 0.36+/-0.7 (P < .0001). Both men and women had a

significant increase in total cholesterol and HDL and a significant

decrease in the LDL/HDL ratio. Only men had increases in LDL (P=.02).

The greatest increase in lipid values was seen in those with the lowest

initial values. The largest increase in HDL was seen in subjects with

more severe disease as indicated by low albumin level and presence of

total villous atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis of celiac disease and its

treatment with a gluten-free diet resulted in improvement in the

lipoprotein profile, which included an increase in HDL and a decrease in

the LDL/HDL ratio.

PMID: 16945614 [PubMed - in process]

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