Re: research mice

August 29, 2000

In a message dated 8/29/00 1:17:56 PM Eastern Daylight Time, Alialley@...

writes:

> it me last night - what if they

> induce " MS-like " disease in the mice with heavy metal poisoning. Wouldn't

> that be shocking since mercury causes MS like symptoms and we could get

the

> same from our dental office visits! How could I find out how they give

the

> 'disease' to the mice? Alice

>

Alice ,

Good thought. I went to a new dr yesterday. I do have high toxic levels of

mercury and lead! He thinks that is what has caused the neurologic damage

for me. What I didn't get answered is does h metal poisoning cause the brain

leisons?

Does anyone know what else besides MS and stroke would cause the leisons? If

they are from mercury ,there is HOPE!

By the way this doc said I have severe adrenal insufficieny. Probably been

that way always but the solumedrol put me over the edge. I am really weak. Do

you believe my neuro still thinks that if I'm fatigued , I just need more

solumedrol!!@#

Kaye

August 29, 2000

Alialley@... wrote:

I have read about scientific experiments on animals

where researchers were

searching for a 'cure' for multiple sclerosis. They often

say they used mice

that have been treated (I don't think that was the word exactly)

to have a

disease that mimics MS, since they cannot use people. It

has letters with an

E, wish I could remember the induced disease name. Anyway,

I have always

thought this sounded rather useless, since they also claim they

are not sure

they even know what causes MS in people. It hit me last night

- what if they

induce "MS-like" disease in the mice with heavy metal poisoning.

Wouldn't

that be shocking since mercury causes MS like symptoms and we could

get the

same from our dental office visits! How could I find out

how they give the

'disease' to the mice? Alice

..

August 29, 2000

At 01:16 PM 08/29/2000 EDT, you wrote:

>I have read about scientific experiments on animals where researchers were

>searching for a 'cure' for multiple sclerosis. They often say they used mice

>that have been treated (I don't think that was the word exactly) to have a

>disease that mimics MS, since they cannot use people. It has letters with an

>E, wish I could remember the induced disease name. Anyway, I have always

>thought this sounded rather useless, since they also claim they are not sure

>they even know what causes MS in people. It hit me last night - what if they

>induce " MS-like " disease in the mice with heavy metal poisoning. Wouldn't

>that be shocking since mercury causes MS like symptoms and we could get the

>same from our dental office visits! How could I find out how they give the

>'disease' to the mice? Alice

Off the top of my head, its experimental autoimmune encephalitis. They

induce it by vaccinating the mice with rabies vaccine - which, like most

vaccines, contains thimersol - a mercury compound. Along that line,

vaccines may also contain aluminum. Last I heard, this year's flu vaccines

*will* contain thimersol (used as a preservative).

I don't worry much about dentists' visits - the thought of having mercury

injected directly into my bloodstream via vaccinations is imo appreciably

more frightening.

F

>

>.

>

August 29, 2000

In a message dated 8/29/00 11:57:06 AM Pacific Daylight Time,

fincham@... writes:

<< I don't worry much about dentists' visits - the thought of having mercury

injected directly into my bloodstream via vaccinations is imo appreciably

more frightening.

>>

There is a lot of information on the amalgam list about how Hg gets into our

bloodstream via amalgam fillings. I'll forward Bernie's information on if

anyone reauests it. (I gotta ask him first)

Alice

August 29, 2000

In a message dated 8/29/00 1:49:16 PM Pacific Daylight Time, wodi007@...

writes:

<<

The mouse model of MS isn't really very close to the human versions. >>

Then they should save all the money they waste researching with them.

August 29, 2000

Kaye, I called the emergency poison number in my phone book and they admitted

(finally) that Hg does cause demyelination. " Bernie " on the amlagam list has

some nice documentation I could send you if you want it and if he says it's

okay.

Alice

August 29, 2000

The mouse model of MS isn't really very close to the human versions.

Fincham wrote:

>

> At 01:16 PM 08/29/2000 EDT, you wrote:

> >I have read about scientific experiments on animals where researchers were

> >searching for a 'cure' for multiple sclerosis. They often say they used mice

> >that have been treated (I don't think that was the word exactly) to have a

> >disease that mimics MS, since they cannot use people. It has letters with an

> >E, wish I could remember the induced disease name. Anyway, I have always

> >thought this sounded rather useless, since they also claim they are not sure

> >they even know what causes MS in people. It hit me last night - what if they

> >induce " MS-like " disease in the mice with heavy metal poisoning. Wouldn't

> >that be shocking since mercury causes MS like symptoms and we could get the

> >same from our dental office visits! How could I find out how they give the

> >'disease' to the mice? Alice

>

> Off the top of my head, its experimental autoimmune encephalitis. They

> induce it by vaccinating the mice with rabies vaccine - which, like most

> vaccines, contains thimersol - a mercury compound. Along that line,

> vaccines may also contain aluminum. Last I heard, this year's flu vaccines

> *will* contain thimersol (used as a preservative).

>

> I don't worry much about dentists' visits - the thought of having mercury

> injected directly into my bloodstream via vaccinations is imo appreciably

> more frightening.

>

> F

>

> >

> >.

> >

August 29, 2000

Kip wrote:

" The mouse model of MS isn't really very close to the human versions. "

I kinda' agree, Kip. Canine parvovirus induces demyelination too - yet they

don't use parvo-infected dogs as models for MS research.

In any case, I got the name wrong. It's EAE=experimental allergic

encephalomyelitis. But it *is* induced by Semples rabies vaccine.

F

Life has meaning only in the struggle

Triumph or defeat is in the hands of the gods

So let us celebrate the struggle!

Swahili warrior song

August 30, 2000

Hi Alice ,

,Yes i would like the Hg info,as i have had it all removed from my mouth and

am in the process of chelating it out now.

Thanks , Kaye

August 30, 2000

Alice ,

Can you send me the web address of the amalgum list ? Sounds like I need to

be on it!.

SSSOoooooo--mercury causes demilination!!!!!. Do doctors really learn

anything that will cure us ?! Or do they learn it but just forget to relate

it to their patients. I think I am about ready to tottaly write off any

doctor who isn't open to alternative medicine.

Thanks so much for finding the answer to my question!

Kaye

August 31, 2000

See if this is it with an index at the start. I am running off to a meeting

or I'll be late. Should be lots of pages

Alice let me know

{\rtf1\ansi \deflang1033\deff0{\fonttbl

{\f0\fnil \fcharset0 \fprq2 Pres Elite 10pt;}{\f1\fnil \fcharset0 \fprq2

Courier;}{\f2\fnil \fcharset0 \fprq2 Times New;}

{\f3\froman \fcharset0 \fprq2 Times New Roman;}{\f4\fswiss \fcharset0 \fprq2

Arial;}{\f5\fmodern \fcharset0 \fprq1 Courier New;}}{\colortbl

\red0\green0\blue0;\red255\green0\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;

\red0\green0\blue255;}

{\stylesheet{\fs20 \snext0 Normal;}

{\*\cs1 \additive\v \additive\v\f2 Comment;}

{\*\cs2 \additive\v \additive\v\cf1\f2 HTML Markup;}

{\*\cs3 \additive\f2 Variable;}

{\*\cs4 \additive\f5\fs20 Typewriter;}

{\*\cs5 \additive\f2 Strong;}

{\*\cs6 \additive\f5 Sample;}

{\s7 \qc\sl0 \brdrb\brdrdb15\brdrcf0 \v \v\f4\fs16 zTop of For;}

{\s8 \qc\sl0 \brdrt\brdrdb15\brdrcf0 \v \v\f4\fs16 zBottom of ;}

{\s9

\qj\sl0\tx0\tx958\tx1917\tx2876\tx3835\tx4794\tx5754\tx6712\tx7671\tx8630\tx9589

\f5\fs20 Preformatted;}

{\*\cs10 \additive\f5\fs20 Keyboard;}

{\*\cs11 \additive\cf2\f2 FollowedHype;}

{\*\cs12 \additive\cf3\f2 Hyperlink;}

{\*\cs13 \additive\f2 Emphasis;}

{\*\cs14 \additive\f5\fs20 CODE;}

{\*\cs15 \additive\f2 CITE;}

{\s16 \qj\li360\ri360\sa82\sl0\tx0 \f2 Blockquote;}

{\s17 \f2 Address;}

{\s18 \qj\sa82\sl0\keep\keepn \f3\fs16 H6;}

{\s19 \qj\sa82\sl0\keep \f2\fs20 H5;}

{\s20 \qj\sa82\sl0\keep \f2 H4;}

{\s21 \qj\sa82\sl0\keep \f3\fs28 H3;}

{\s22 \qj\sa82\sl0\keep \f3\fs36 H2;}

{\s23 \qj\sa82\sl0\keep \f3\fs48 H1;}

{\*\cs24 \additive\f2 Definition;}

{\s25 \qj\li360\sl0\tx0 \f2 Definition L;}

{\s26 \f2 Definition T;}

{\s27 \qj\sa82\sl0 \f2 Normal;}

}{\info}

\margl720\margr720\margt720\margb720\ftnbj\ftnrestart\aftnnar \sectd

\sbknone\footery960\endnhere

{\header \pard \qc\sl0\tx0\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f2 Facts about Mercury }{\plain \ul\f2 and}{\plain \f2 Dental

Amalgam\par }{\plain \f2 (with Medical Study References) \par }}

{\footer }

{\*\pnseclvl1\pndec\pnstart1{\pntxta .}}

{\*\pnseclvl2\pnlcltr\pnstart1{\pntxta .}}

{\*\pnseclvl3\pnlcrm\pnstart1{\pntxta .}}

{\*\pnseclvl4\pndec\pnstart1{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}

{\*\pnseclvl5\pnlcltr\pnstart1{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}

{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcrm\pnstart1{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}

{\*\pnseclvl7\pndec\pnstart1{\pntxta .}}

{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1{\pntxta .}}

{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1}

\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\

\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f1 }{\plain \f3 Bernard Windham, Editor- Chemical Engineer

12164 Whitehouse Road\par

}{\plain \f3

Tallahassee, FL,32311 \par

}\pard

\li180\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\\

tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 I. Introduction \par

}\pard

\li180\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\\

tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 II. Toxicity and Health Effects of Mercury\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\

\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 III. Systemic Mercury Intake Levels from Amalgam Filling

Exposure\par

}{\plain \f3 IV. Immune System Effects and Autoimmune Disease \par

}{\plain \f3 V. Medical Studies Finding Health Problems Related to Amalgam

Fillings\par

}{\plain \f3 VI. Documented Results of Removal of Amalgam Fillings \par

}{\plain \f3 VII. Health Effects from Dental Staff Exposure to Mercury

\par

}{\plain \f3 VIII. Scientific Panel and Government Bodies That Have Found

Amalgam Fillings Unsafe \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 I. Toxic metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium, etc. have been

documented to be neurotoxic, immunotoxic, \par

}{\plain \f3 reproductive/developmental toxins that according to U.S. Government

agencies cause adverse health effects and

learning disabilities to millions in the U.S. each year, especially children and

the elderly(105,160). Exposure of

humans and animals to toxic metals such as mercury, cadmium, lead, copper,

aluminum, arsenic, chromium,

manganese, etc. is widespread and in many areas increasing. . The U.S. Center

for Disease Control(276) ranks

toxic metals as the number one environmental health threat to children.

According to an EPA/ATSDR

assessment, the toxic metals mercury, lead, arsenic, and cadmium are all ranked

in the top 7 toxics having the most

adverse health effects on the public based on toxicity and current exposure

levels in the U.S., with nickel and

chromium also highly listed. While there is considerable commonality to the

health effects commonly caused by

these toxic metals, and effects are cumulative and synergistic in many cases,

this paper will concentrate on the

health effects of elemental mercury from amalgam fillings. Studies have found

considerable genetic variability in

susceptibility to toxic metals as well. The public appears to be generally

unaware that considerable scientific

evidence supports that mercury is the metal causing the most widespread adverse

health effects to the public, and

amalgam fillings have been well documented to be the number one source of

exposure of mercury to most people,

with exposure levels often exceeding Government health guidelines and levels

documented to cause adverse

health effects.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 II.\tab Toxicity and Health Effects of Mercury \par

}{\plain \f3 1.\tab Dental amalgam contains about 50 % mercury. The average

filling has 1 gram of mercury and leaks mercury

vapor continuously due to mercury\'92s low vapor pressure along with loss due to

galvanic action of mercury with

dissimilar metals in the mouth(182,192,292,348,349), resulting in significant

exposure for most with amalgam

fillings(see Section III). Mercury vapor is transmitted rapidly throughout the

body, easily crosses cell

membranes, and like organic methyl mercury has significant toxic effects at much

lower levels of exposure than

other inorganic mercury forms(38,281,287,304,329). According to the U.S. EPA &

ATSDR, mercury is among

the top 3 toxic substances adversely affecting large numbers of people(217),

and amalgam is the number one

source of exposure for most people(see III).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 2.\tab Mercury is the most toxic of the toxic metals. Mercury

(vapor) is carried by the blood to cells in all organs of

the body where it:\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (a)\tab is cytotoxic(kills cells)

(2,21,27,36,56,147,148,150,160,210,259,295,333/333)\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\

\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 ( penetrates and damages the blood brain barrier(311), resulting

in accumulation of mercury and other toxic

substances in the brain(14,20,25,85, 99,175,273,301/262,274); also accumulates

in the motor function\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li360\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 \tab areas of the brain and CNS(48,291,327,329).\par

}\pard

\li180\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\\

tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 \'a9 is neurotoxic(kills brain and nerve cells): damages brain cells

and nerve cells

(19,27,34,36,43,69,70,147,148,175,207, 211,273,

291,295,327,329,301,303,395/39,262,274,303); generates

high levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and oxidative stress, depletes

glutathione and thiols causing

increased neurotoxicity from interactions of ROS, glutamate, and

dopamine(13,56,98,102,126,145,169,170,184,213,219, 250,

257,259,286,290,291,302,324,326,329,424); kills

or inhibits production of brain tubulin cells (66,67,161,166, 207,300);

inhibits production of neurotransmitters

by inhibiting: calcium-dependent neurotransmitter release(372,432),

dihydroteridine reductase(27,122,257,333),

nitric oxide synthase(259), and effecting phenylalanine, tyrosine and

tryptophan transport to neurons)

(34,122,126,257,285,288,333/255,333)\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\

\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (d) is immunotoxic(damages and inhibits immune T-cells, B-cells,

neutrophil function, etc.)

(17,27,31,38,44,45,46,60,127,128,129,130,152,155,165,181,226,252,270,285,316,355\

/272) and induces ANA

antibodies and autoimmune

disease(38,43,45,59,60,118,131,181,234,269,270,313,314,334,342,343)\par

}{\plain \f3 (e) is nephrotoxic(toxic to kidneys)

(14,20,203,223,260,268,334)\par

}{\plain \f3 (f) is endocrine system-disrupting chemical(accumulates in

pituitary gland and damages or inhibits pituitary

glands hormonal functions at very low

levels(9,19,20,25,85,99,105,273,312,327,348,369/274), adrenal gland

function(84,369), thyroid gland function(50,212,369), and disrupts enzyme

production processes at very low

levels of exposure (9,13,33,56,111,194,348,355,410-412)\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (g)\tab exposure to mercury vapor (or methyl mercury) causes rapid

transmittal through the placenta to the fetus

(20,22-24,27,38,39,61,112,186,281,287,304,311,338,339,348,361,366,20/4,22,37,39,\

41,42) and significant

developmental effects-much more damage to the fetus than for maternal exposure

to inorganic mercury and

at lower exposure levels than for for organic mercury(287,304,etc.). \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (h)\tab reproductive and developmental toxin

(2,4,9,10,22,23,24,37,38,41,61,105,149,160,275,276,281,305,338,

361,367, 20/4,39,55,149,162,255,308,339,357); damages

DNA(296,327,272,392,142,38,41,42) and inhibits

DNA & RNA synthesis(114/149); damages sperm, lowers sperm counts and reduces

motility.

(4,37,104.105,159,160/4, 55,162); causes menstrual disturbances (9,27,146);

reduces bloods ability to

transport oxygen to fetus and transport of essential nutrients including amino

acids, glucose, magnesium,

zinc and Vit B12(43,96,198,263,264,338,339,347,427); depresses enzyme isocitric

dehydrogenase (ICD) in

fetus, causes reduced iodine uptake & hypothyroidism(50,91,212,222,369) &

learning deficits; causes

learning disabilities and impairment, and reduction in

IQ(1,3,38,110,160,285c,263,264/39), causes infertility

(4,9,10,24,38,121,146,357,365,367/4,10,55,162), causes birth defects

(23,35,37,38,110,142,241/241). \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (i)\tab prenatal/early postnatal exposure affects level of nerve

growth factor in the brain,impairs astrocyte function,

and causes imbalances in development of brain(38,119,161,175,194,305/175,255,39)

\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (j)\tab causes cardiovascular damage and disease: including damage

to vascular endothelial cells, damage to

sarcoplasmic reticula, sarcolemma, and contractile proteins, increased white

cell count, decreased

oxyhemoglobin level, high blood pressure, tachycardia, inhibits cytochrome

P450/heme synthesis(84), and

increased risk of acute myocardial infarction

(35,59,202,205,212,232,306,310,351/201,308).\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (k)\tab causes immune system damage resulting in allergies,

asthma, lupus,chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS),and

multiple sensitivities(MCS)

(8,17,45,46,52,60,75,86,87,90,97,101,128,129,131,154,168,181,212, 226,

228,230,234,265, 267,296,313,342, 388/272) and neutrophil functional

impairment(285/59,etc.).\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (l)\tab causes interruption of the cytochrome oxidase system/ATP

energy function(84) and progressive

coproporphyrinuria, resulting in low energy, digestive problems, and porphyrins

in urine

(34,69,70,73,210,212,226,232,260)\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\

\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (m) inhibition of immune system facilitates increased damage by

bacterial, viral, and fungal infections \tab \tab \tab

(17,45,59,129,131,251,296,350,40), and increased antibiotic

resistance(116,117,161,258,389,53).\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (n)\tab mercury causes significant destruction of stomach and

intestine epithelial cells, resulting in damage to

stomach lining(leaky gut)(222,Shelton,228) and accumulation of heliobacter

pylori, a suspected major factor

in stomach ulcers and stomach cancer(256).\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (o)\tab causes mitochondrial release of calcium induced by

modification of the--SH groups of proteins

(1,21,35,38,43,329,333,432),as well as damaging enzymatic

process(33,96,111,194,252,338,410-412)

resulting in improper cysteine regulation(194), inhibited glucose

transfer(338,254), damaged sulfur

oxidation processes(33,338), and reduced glutathione availability (necessary for

detoxification)(13,126,54).\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\

\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 3. Mercury has been well documented to be an endocrine system

disrupting chemical in animals and people,

disrupting function of the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, enzyme production

processes, and many hormonal

functions at very low levels of exposure . Mercury (especially mercury vapor)

rapidly crosses the blood brain

barrier and is stored preferentially in the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and

occipital cortex in direct proportion

to the number and extent of dental amalgam surfaces

(1,14,16,19,20,25,34,38,61,85,99,162,211,

273,274,287,327,348,360,366,369) Thus mercury has a greater effect on the

functions of these areas. The

pituitary gland controls many of the body\'92s endocrine system functions and

secretes hormones that control most

bodily processes, including the immune system and reproductive systems . One

study found mercury levels in the

pituitary gland ranged from 6.3 to 77 ppb(85), while another(348) found the mean

level to be 30ppb- levels found

to be neurotoxic and cytotoxic in animal studies. The hypothalamus regulates

body temperature and many

metabolic processes. Mercury damage thus commonly results in poor bodily

temperature control, in addition to

many problems caused by hormonal imbalances. Such hormonal secretions are

affected at levels of mercury

exposure much lower than the acute toxicity effects normally tested, as

previously confirmed by

hormonal/reproductive problems in animal populations(104). Mercury also damages

the blood brain barrier and

facilitates penetration of the brain by other toxic metals and

substances(311).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 4. Mercury\'92s biochemical damage at the cellular level include

DNA damage, inhibition of DNA and RNA

synthesis(4,38,41,42,114,142,197,272,296,392/149); alteration of protein

structure(33,111,114,194,252/114);

alteration of the transport of calcium(333,43,96,254,329,432); inhibitation of

glucose transport(338,254), and of

enzyme function and other essential

nutrients(96,198,254,263,264,338,339,347,410-412); induction of free

radical formation(13,54), depletion of cellular gluthathione(necessary for

detoxification processes) (111,126),

inhibition of glutathione peroxidase enzyme(13), endothelial cell damage(202),

abnormal migration of neurons in

the cerebral cortex(149), and immune system damage (34,38,111,194,

226,252,272,316,325,355). Oxidative stress

and reactive oxygen species(ROS) have been implicated as major factors in

neurological disorders including

stroke, PD, Alzheimer\'92s, ALS, etc.(13,56,84,98,145,169,207b,424). Mercury

induced lipid peroxidation has been

found to be a major factor in mercury\'92s neurotoxicity, along with leading to

decreased levels of glutathione

peroxidation and superoxide dismustase(SOD)(13). Only a few micrograms of

mercury severely disturb cellular

function and inhibit nerve growth(175,147,175,226,255,305). Exposure to

mercury results in metalloprotein

compounds that have genetic effects, having both structural and catalytic

effects on gene expression(114,241,296).

Some of the processes affected by such metalloprotein control of genes include

cellular respiration, metabolism,

enzymatic processes, metal-specific homeostasis, and adrenal stress response

systems. Significant psysiological

changes occur when metal ion concentrations exceed threshold levels. Such

metalloprotein formation also appears

to have a relation to autoimmune reactions in significant numbers of

people(114,60,313,342,368,369). Of a

population of over 3000 tested by the immune lymphocyte reactivity

test(MELISA,60,275), 22% tested positive

for inorganic mercury and 8% for methyl mercury . \par

}{\plain \f3 }{\plain \f3 A direct mechinism involving mercury\'92s

inhibition of cellular enzymatic processes by binding with

the hydroxyl radical(SH) in amino acids appears to be a major part of the

connection to allergic/immune

reactive conditions such as autism, schizophrenia, eczema,

psoriasis(375,385,408,419), and allergies(410-412,etc.). For example mercury has

been found to strongly inhibit the activity of dipeptyl peptidase (DPP

IV) which is required in the digestion of the milk protein cassein(411,412).

Studies involving a large sample

of autistic and schizophrenic patients found that over 90 % of those tested had

high levels of the milk

protein beta-casomorphin-7 in their blood and urine and defective enzymatic

processes for digesting milk

protein(410). Elimination of milk products from the diet has been found to

improve the condition. Such

populations have also been found to have high levels of mercury and to recover

after mercury

detox(413,60,313). As mercury levels are reduced the protein binding is reduced

and improvement in the

enzymatic process occurs. Additional cellular level enzymatic effects of

mercury\'92s binding with proteins

include blockage of sulfur oxidation processes(33,114), enzymatic processes

involving vitimins B6 and

B12(418), effects on the cytochrome-C energy processes(232,35), along with

mercury\'92s adverse effects on

cellular mineral levels of calcium, magnesium, zinc, and

lithium(43,96,198,333,386,427,432,38). And along

with these blockages of cellular enzymatic processes, mercury has been found to

cause additional

neurological and immune system effects in many through immune/autoimmune

reactions (60,313,314).}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 But the effect on the immune system of exposure to various

toxic substances such as toxic metals and

environmental pollutants has also been found to have additive or synergistic

effects and to be a factor in

increasing eczema, allergies, asthma, and sensitivity to other lesser

allergens.}{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain \f3 Most of the children tested

for toxic exposures have found high or reactive levels of other toxic metals,

and organochlorine

compounds(413,313,414).}{\plain \f3 Much mercury in saliva and the brain

is also organic (220,272), since mouth

bacteria and other organisms in the body methylate inorganic mercury to organic

mercury(51, 81,225). Bacteria

also oxidize mercury vapor to the water soluble, ionic form Hg(II) (431).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 5. Because of the extreme toxicity of mercury, only \'bd gram is

required to contaminate a 10 acre lake to the extent

that a health warning would be issued by the government to not eat the

fish(151,160). Over half the rivers and

lakes in Florida have such health warnings(160). Some Florida panthers that

eat birds and animals that eat fish

containing very low levels of mercury(about 1 part per million) have died from

chronic mercury

poisoning(104,160). Since mercury is an estrogenic chemical and reproductive

toxin, the majority of the rest

cannot reproduce. The average male Florida panther has higher estrogen levels

than females, due to the

estrogenic properties of mercury(105,160). Similar is true of some other

animals at the top of the food chain like

alligators, which are affected by mercury and other hormone disrupting

chemicals.. \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 6. In addition to having estrogenic effects, mercury has other

documented hormonal effects including effects on

the reproductive system resulting in lowered sperm counts, defective sperm

cells, and lowered testosterone levels

in males; menstrual disturbances and infertility in women; and increased

neurological problems related to lowered

levels of neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin, and noreprenephrine

(4,9,38,104,105,107,140,141,275,276,

288,290,365,367,372,432). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 7. An average amalgam filling contains over \'bd gram of mercury,

and the average adult had at least 5 grams of

mercury in fillings(unless most has vaporized). Mercury in solid form is not

stable, having low vapor pressure and

being subject to galvanic action with other metals in an oral

environment(182,192,292,348,349),so that within 10

years up to half has been found to have been transferred to the and body of the

host(34,35,182, & section III).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 8. Elemental mercury vapor is more rapidly transmitted throughout

the body than most other forms of mercury

and has more much toxic effects on the CNS and other parts of the body than

inorganic mercury due to its much

greater capacity to cross cell membranes, according to the World Health

Organization and other studies (38,183,

282,287,360,section III). Mercury vapor rapidly crosses the blood-brain

barrier(14,85,311) and placenta of

pregnant women (20,22-24,27,38,105,162,186,231,281,287,304,308, 311,361)

Developmental, learning, and

behavioral effects have been found from mercury vapor at much lower levels than

for exposure to methyl

mercury(287,304). Similarly for inhibition of some essential cellular

processes(333,338,329).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 9. Running shoes with \'bd gram of mercury in the heels were banned

by several states, because the amount of

mercury was considered dangerous to public health and created a serious disposal

problem. Mercury from dental

offices and human waste from people with amalgam fillings has much higher levels

and is a major source of

mercury in Florida waters. One study found dental offices discharge into waste

water between 65 and 842

milligrams per dentist per day(231), amounting to several hundred grams per year

per office. This is in addition to

air emissions. }{\plain \f3 Additionally cremation of those with amalgam

fillings adds to air emissions and deposition

onto land and lakes. A study in Switzerland found that in that small country,

cremation released over 65

kilograms of mercury per year as emissions, often exceeding site air mercury

standards(420), while another

Swiss study found mercury levels during cremation of a person with amalgam

fillings as high as 200

micrograms per cubic meter(considerably higher than U.S. mercury standards).

The amount of mercury in

the mouth of a person with fillings was on average 2.5 grams, enough to

contaminate 5 ten acre lakes to the

extent there would be dangerous levels in fish(151).}{\plain \f3 A Japanese

study estimated mercury emissions from a

small crematorium there as 26 grams per day(421). A study in Sweden found

significant occupational and

environmental exposures at cremetoria, and since the requirement to install

selenium filters mercury emission

levels in crematoria have been reduced 85%(422). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 10. Studies have found that levels of exposure to the toxic metals

mercury, cadmium, and lead have major effects

on classroom behavior, learning ability, and also in mental patients and

criminals behavior(3,160).\par

}{\plain \f3 \tab \tab Studies have found that both genetic susceptability and

environmental exposures are a factor in xenobiotic

related effects and disease propagation. Large numbers of animal studies have

documented that genetically

susceptable strains are more affected by xenobiotic exposures than less

susceptable strains(234,425,526,etc.).

Some genetic types are susceptable to mercury induced autoimmunity and some are

resistant and thus much less

affected(234,425,383). Studies found that mercury causes or accelerates various

systemic conditions in a strain

dependent manner, and that lower levels of exposure adversely affect some

strains but not others, including

inducing of autoimmunity. Also when a condition has been initiated and exposure

levels decline, autoimmune

antibodies also decline in animals or humans(234c,60,368,405). One genetic

factor in Hg induced autoimmunity

is major histocompatibility complex(MHC) linked. Both immune cell type Th1 and

Th2 cytokine responses are

involved in autoimmunity(425c). One genetic difference found in animals and

humans is cellular retention

differences for metals related to the ability to excrete mercury(426). For

example it has been found that

individuals with genetic blood factor type APOE-4 do not excrete mercury readily

and bioaccumulate mercury,

resulting in susceptability to chronic autoimmune conditions such as

Alzheimer\'92s, Parkinsons, etc. as early as age

40, whereas those with type APOE-2 readily excrete mercury and are less

susceptable. Those with type APOE-3

are intermediate to the other 2 types. \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 11. Long term occupational exposure to low levels of mercury can

induce slight cognitive deficits, lability, fatigue,

decreased stress tolerance, etc. Higher levels have been found to cause more

serious neurological problems

(119,128,285,etc.). Occupational exposure studies have found mercury impairs

the body\'92s ability to kill Candida

albicans by impairment of the lytic activity of neutrophils and myeloperoxidase

in workers whose mercury

excretion levels are withing current safety limits(285,404). Such levels of

mercury exposure were also found to

inhibit cellular respiratory burst. A population of plant workers with average

mercury excretion of 20 ug/ g

creatinine was found to have long lasting impairment of neutrophil function.

Another study(59) found such

impairment of neutraphils decreases the body\'92s ability to combat viruses such

as those that cause heart damage,

resulting in more inflamatory damage. Another group of workers with average

excretion rates of 24.7 ug/ g

creatinine had long lasting increases in humoral immunological stimulation of

IgG, IgA, and IgM levels. Another

study(285b) found that workers exposed at high levels at least 20 years

previous(urine peak levels above 600 ug/L

demonstrated significantly decreased strength, decreased coordination, increased

tremor, decreased sensation,

polyneuropathy, etc. Another study found that many of the symptoms and signs

of chronic candidiasis, multiple

chemical sensitivity and chronic fatigue syndromes are identical to those of

chronic mercurialism and remit after

removal of amalgam combined with appropriate supplementation and gave evidence

to\par

}{\plain \f3 implicate amalgam as the only underlying etiologic factor that is

common to all(404).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 Other studies(285c) found that mercury at levels below the current

occupational safety limit causes adverse effects

on mood, personality, and memory- with effects on memory at very low exposure

levels.\par

}{\plain \f3 More studies found that long term exposure causes increased

micronuclei in lymphocytes and significantly

increased IgE levels at exposures below current safety levels(128), as well as

maternal exposure being linked to

mental retardation(110) and birth defects(}{\plain \f3

23,35,37,38,142,241,361/241}{\plain \f3 ).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 III. Systemic Mercury Intake Level from Amalgam Fillings\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 1. The }{\plain \ul\f3 tolerable daily exposure}{\plain \f3

level for mercury developed in a report for }{\plain \ul\f3 Health

Canada}{\plain \f3 is .014

micrograms/kilogram body weight(ug/kg) or approximately 1 ug/day for average

adult(217). The }{\plain \ul\f3 U.S. EPA

Health Standard}{\plain \f3 for elemental mercury exposure(vapor) is 0.3

micrograms per cubic meter of air(2). The U.S.

ATSDR health standard(MRL) for mercury vapor is 0.2 ug/ M3 of air, and the MRL

for methyl mercury is 0.3

ug/kg body weight/day(217). For the average adult breathing 20 M3 of air

per day, this amounts to an

exposure of 4 or 6 ug/day for the 2 elemental mercury standards. The EPA

health guideline for methyl mercury is

0.1 ug/kg body weight per day or 7 ug for the average adult(2), or approx. 14 ug

for the ATSDR acute oral

toxicicity standard. Since mercury is methylized in the body, some of both

types are present in the body. The

older World Health Organization(183) mercury health guideline(PTWI) is 300 ug

per week total exposure or

approx. 42 ug/day.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 2. Mercury in the presence of other metals in the oral environment

undergoes galvanic action, causing movement

out of amalgam and into the oral mucosa and saliva(192). Mercury in solid form

is not stable due to low vapor

pressure and evaporates continuously from amalgam fillings in the mouth, being

transferred over a period of time

to the host(15-19,26,31,36,79,83,211,182,183,199,298,299,303,332,335,371). The

daily total exposure of

mercury from fillings is from 3 to 1000 micrograms per day, with the average

exposure being above 10

micrograms per day and the average uptake over 5 ug/day

(183,199,209,18,19,77,83, 85,100,335,352,371,etc.).

(see further details continued)\par

}{\plain \f3 A large study was carried out at the Univ. Of Tubingen

Health Clinic in which the level of mercury in saliva

of 20,000 persons with amalgam fillings was measured(199). The level of

mercury in unstimulated saliva was

found to average 11.6 ug Hg/L, with the average after chewing being 3 times this

level. Several were found to

have mercury levels over 1100 ug/L, 1 % had unstimulated levels over 200 ug/L,

and 10 % had unstimulated

mercury saliva levels of over 100 ug/L.. The level of mercury in saliva has

been found to be proportional to the

number of amalgam fillings, and generally was higher for those with more

fillings. The following table gives the

average daily mercury exposure from saliva alone for those tested, based on the

average levels found per number

of fillings and using daily saliva volumes of 890 ml for unstimulated saliva

flow and 80 ml for stimulated flow

(estimated from measurements made in the study and comparisons to other

studies). It also gives the 84th

percentile mercury exposure from saliva for the 20,000 tested by number of

fillings. Note that 16% of all of those

tested with 4 amalgam fillings had daily exposure from their amalgam fillings of

over 17 ug per day, and even

more so for those with more than 4 fillings.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 Table: Average daily mercury exposure in saliva

by number of amalgam fillings(199)\par

}{\plain \f3 Number of fillings: 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 \par

}{\plain \f3 Av. Daily Hg(ug) 6.5 8 9.5 11 12.4 14

15.4 16.9 18.3 19.8 21.3 22.8 24.3\par

}{\plain \f3 84th percentile(ug) 17 23.5 26 30.5 35 41.5

43.8 48.6 50.3 46.7 56.6 61.4 64.5 \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 Saliva tests for mercury are commonly performed in Europe, and

many other studies have been carried out with

generally comparable results(292,315,79,9b,335,179,317,352). Another large

German study(352) found

significantly higher levels than the study summarized here, with some with

exposure levels over 1000 ug/day.\par

}{\plain \f3 Three studies that looked at a population with more than 12

fillings found generally higher levels than this study,

with average mercury level in unstimulated saliva of 29 ug/L(18), 32.7 ug/L

(292c), and 175 ug/day(352). The

average for those with 4 or less fillings was 8 ug/L(18). While it will be seen

that there is a significant correlation

between exposure levels and number of amalgam surfaces and exposure generally

increases as number of fillings

increases, there is considerable variability for a given number of fillings.

Some of the factors that will be seen to

influence this variability include composition of the amalgam, whether person

chews gum or drinks hot liquids,

bruxism, oral environmental factors, type of tooth patse used, etc.\par

}{\plain \f3 The Tubingen study did not assess the significant exposure

route of intraoral air and lungs. One study that

looked at this estimated a daily average burden of 20 ug from ionized mercury

from amalgam fillings absorbed

through the lungs(191), while a Norwegian study found the average level in oral

air to be 0.8 ug/M3(176).

Another study at a Swedish University(335) measured intraoral air mercury

levels from fillings of from 20 to 125

ug per day, for persons with from 18 to 82 filling surfaces. Another study

found similar results(83), and some

individuals have been found to have intraoral air mercury levels above 400 ug/

M3 (319). Most of those whose

intraoral air mercury levels were measured exceeded Gov\'92t health guidelines

for workplace exposure(2). \par

}{\plain \f3 The studies also determined that the number of fillings is the

most important factor related to mercury level,

with age of filling being much less significant(319b). Different filling

composition/manufacturer can also make a

difference in exposure levels( as will be further discussed). The authors of

the Tubingen study calculated that

based on the test results with estimates of mercury from food and oral air

included, over 40 % of those tested in

the study received daily mercury exposure higher than the WHO standard(PTWI).

As can be seen most people

with several fillings have daily exposure exceeding the Health Canada TDE and

the U.S. EPA and ATSDR health

guideline for mercury(2,209,199,etc.), and many tested in past studies have

exceeded the older and higher WHO

guideline for mercury(183), without consideration of exposure from food,

etc..\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 3. The main exposure paths for mercury from amalgam fillings are

absorption by the lungs from intraoral air;

vapor absorbed by saliva or swallowed; amalgam particles swallowed; and

membrane, olfactory, venous, and

neural path transfer of mercury absorbed by oral mucosa, gums, etc.

(6,17,18,31,34,77,79,83,94,133,182,209,211,

216,222,319, 335,348,364) A study at Stockholm Univ.(335) made an effort to

determine the respective parts in

exposure made by these paths. It found that the majority of excretion is

through feces, and that the majority of

mercury exposure was from elemental vapor. Daily exposure from intraoral air

ranged from 20 to 125 ug of

mercury vapor, for subjects with number of filling surfaces ranging from 18 to

82. Daily excretion through feces

amounted to from 30 to 190 ug of mercury, being more variable than other paths.

Other studies had similar

findings(6,15,16,18,19,25,31,36,79,80,83,115,196,386.) \par

}{\plain \f3 The feces mercury was essentially all inorganic with particles

making up at most 25%, and the majority being

mercury sulfuhydryl compounds- likely originating as vapor. Their study and

others reviewed found that at least

80% of mercury vapor reaching the lungs is absorbed and enters the blood from

which it is taken to all other parts

of the body(335,348,349,363). Elemental mercury swallowed in saliva can be

absorbed in the digestive tract by

the blood or bound in sulfhydryl compounds and excreted through the feces. A

review determined that approx.20

% of swallowed mercury sulfhydryl compounds are absorbed in the digestive

tract, but approx 60% of swallowed

mercury vapor is absorbed(292,335,348). At least 80% of particle mercury is

excreted. Approx. 80% of swallowed

methyl mercury is absorbed(335,199,etc.)e, with most of the rest being converted

to inorganic forms apparently.

The primary detoxification/excretion pathway for mercury absorbed by the body is

as mercury-glutathione

compounds through the liver/bile loop to feces(111,252), but some mercury is

also excreted though the kidneys in

urine and in sweat. The range of mercury excreted in urine per day by those with

amalgams is usually less than 15

ug(6,49,83,138,174,335,etc.), but some patients are much higher(93). A large

NIDH study of the U.S. military

population(49) with an average of 19.9 amalgam surfaces and range of 0 to 60

surfaces found the average urine

level was 3.1 ug/L, with 93% being inorganic mercury. The average in those with

amalgam was 4.5 times that of

controls and more than the U.S. EPA maximum limit for mercury in drinking

water(218). The avergage level of

those with over 49 surfaces was over 8 times that of controls. The same study

found that the average blood level

was 2.55 ug/L, with 79 % being organic mercuy. The total mercury level had a

significant correlation to the

number of amalgam fillings, with fillings appearing to be reponsible for over

75% of total mercury. From the

study results it was found that each 10 amalgam surfaces increased urine mercury

by approx. 1 ug/L. A study of

mercury species found blood mercury was 89% organic and urine mercury was 87%

inorganic(349b), whicle

another study(363) found on average 77% of the mercury in the occipital cortex

was inorganic. In a population of

women tested In the Middle East(254), the number of fillings was highly

correlated with the mercury level in

urine, mean= 7 ug/L. Nutrient transport and renal function were also found to be

adversely affected by higher

levels of mercury in the urine.\par

}{\plain \f3 As is known from autopsy studies for those with chronic

exposure such as amalgam fillings

(1,14,17,20,31,34,85,94), mercury also bioaccumulates in the

brain/CNS(301,274,327,329,348,18,19,85),liver,

kidneys, (14,85)heart(59,205,348)), and oral mucosa(174,192) with the half life

in the brain being over 20 years.

Elemental mercury vapor is transmitted throughout the body via the blood and

readily enters cells and crosses the

blood-brain barrier, and the placenta of pregnant women(38,61,287,311,361), at

much higher levels than inorganic

mercury and also higher levels than organic mercury. Significant levels are able

to cross the blood brain barrier,

placenta, and also cellular membranes into major organs such as the heart since

the oxidation rate of Hg0 though

relatively fast is slower than the time required by pumped blood to reach these

organs(290,370). Thus the level in

the brain and heart is higher after exposure to Hg vapor than for other

forms(360,370). While mercury vapor and

methyl Hg readily cross cell membranes and the blood-brain barrier, once in

cells they form inorganic mercury

that does not readily cross cell membranes or the blood brain barrier readily

and is responsible for the majority of

toxicity effects. Thus inorganic mercury in the brain has a very long half

life(274,etc.).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 4. The average amalgam filling has approximately 0.5

grams(500,000 ug) of mercury. As much as 50% of

mercury in fillings has been found to have vaporized after 5 years and 80% by 20

years(182,204). Mercury vapor

from amalgam is the }{\plain \ul\f3 single largest source of systemic mercury

intake}{\plain \f3 for persons with amalgam fillings, ranging

from 50 to 90 % of total exposure.

(14,16,17,19,36,57,61,78-83,94,129,130,138,161,167,183, 191,\par

}{\plain \f3 196,211,216,273,292,303,332,), averaging about 80% of total

systemic intake. After filling replacement levels of

mercury in the blood, urine, and feces typically temporarily are increased for a

few days, but levels usually decline

in blood and urine within 6 months to from 60 to 85% of the original

levels(57,79,82,89,196,303). Mercury levels

in saliva and feces usually decline between 80 to 95% (79,196,335,386)\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 5. Having dissimilar metals in the teeth(e.g.-gold and mercury)

causes galvanic action, electrical currents, and

much higher mercury vapor levels and levels in tissues.

(182,192,292,348,349,390,19,25,27,29,30,47,48,100)

Average mercury levels in gum tissue near amalgam fillings are about 200 ppm,

and are the result of flow of

mercury into the mucous membrane because of galvanic currents with the mucous

membrane serving as cathode

and amalgam as cathode(192). Average mercury levels are often 1000 ppm near a

gold cap on an amalgam filling

due to higher currents when gold is in contact with amalgam (30,25,35,48,58).

These levels are among the

highest levels ever measured in tissues of living organisms, exceeding the

highest levels found in chronically

exposed chloralkali workers, those who died in Minamata, or animals that died

from mercury poisoning.

Concentrations of mercury in oral mucosa for a population of patients with 6 or

more amalgam fillings taken

during oral surgery were 20 times the level of controls(174). These levels are

much higher than the FDA/EPA

action level for prohibiting use of food with over 1 ppm mercury. Likewise the

level is tremendously over the

U.S. Dept. Of Health/EPA drinking water limit for mercury which is 2 parts per

billion(218). Studies have shown

that mercury in the gums such as from root caps for root canaled teeth result in

chronic inflammation, in addtion to

migration to other parts of the body(200,47). Mercury and silver from fillings

can be seen in the tissues as

amalgam \'93tatoos\'94, which have been found to accumulate in the oral mucosa

as granules along collagen bundles,

blood vessels, nerve sheaths, elastic fibers, membranes, striated muscle fibers,

and acini of minor salivary glands.

Dark granules are also present intracellularly within macrophasges,

multinucleated giant cells, endothelial cells,

and fibroblasts. There is in most cases chronic inflammatory response or

macrophagic reaction the the metals(47),

usually in the form of a foreingn body granuloma with multinucleated giant cells

of the foreign body and

Langhans types.\par

}{\plain \f3 The component mix in amalgams has also been found to be an

important factor in mercury vapor emissions.

The level of mercury and copper released from high copper amalgam is as much as

50 times that of low copper

amalgams(191). Studies have consistently found modern high copper non

gamma-two amalgams have greater

release of mercury vapor than conventional silver amalgams (298,299). While

the non gamma-two amalgams

were developed to be less corrosive and less prone to marginal fractures than

conventional silver amalgams, they

have been found to be instable in a different mechanism when subjected to

wear/polishing/ chewing/ brushing:

they form droplets of mercury on the surface of the amalgams(182,297). This has

been found to be a factor in the

much higher release of mercury vapor by the modern non gamma-two amalgams.

Recent studies have concluded

that because the high mercury release levels of modern amalgams, mercury

poisoning from amalgam fillings is

widespread throughout the population\'94(95,199,238). Numerous other studies

also support this finding(Section

IV).\par

}{\plain \f3 Amalgam also releases significant amounts of silver, tin, and

copper which also have toxic effects, with organic

tin compounds formed in the body being even more neurotoxic than

mercury(51,222,262)\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 7. Feces is the major path of excretion of mercury from the body,

having a higher correlation to systemic body

burden than urine or blood, which tend to correlate with recent exposure level

(35,36,79,80,183, 278). For this

reason many researchers consider feces to be the most reliable indicator of

daily exposure level to mercury or

other toxics. The average level of mercury in feces of those with fillings is

over 1 ppm and approx. 10 times that

of a similar group without fillings (79,80,83,335,386,25,), with significant

numbers of those with several filings

having over 10 ppm and 170 times those without fillings(80). The }{\plain

\ul\f3 saliva test}{\plain \f3 is another good test for daily

mercury exposure, done commonly in Europe and representing one of the largest

sources of mercury exposure. \par

}{\plain \f3 There is only a weak correlation between blood or urine mercury

levels and body burden or level in a target

organ(36,157,183,278,11,etc.). Mercury vapor passes through the blood

rapidly(half-life in blood is 3

seconds,370) and accumulates in other parts of the body such as the brain,

kidneys, liver, thyroid gland, pituitary

gland, etc. Thus blood test measures mostly recent exposure. As damage occurs

to kidneys over time, mercury is

less efficiently eliminated (11,36,57,183, 216,260), so urine tests are not

reliable for body burden after long term

exposure. Some researchers suggest hair offers a better indicator of mercury

body burden than blood or

urine(279), though still not totally reliable and may be a better indicator for

organic mercury than inorganic.

Mercury hair level in a population sampled in Madrid Spain ranged from 1.3 to

92.5 ppm. This study found a

significant positive correlation between maternal hair mercury and mercury level

in nursing infants. Hair mercury

levels did not have a significant correlation with urine mercury in one

study(340) and did not have a significant

correlation to number of fillings(350). One researcher suggests that mercury

levels in hair of greater than 5 ppm

are indicative of mercury intoxication.\par

}{\plain \f3 A new test approved by the FDA for diagnosing damage that has

been caused by toxic metals like mercury is

the fractionated porphyrin test(260), that measures amount of damage as well as

likely source. Provocation

challenge tests after use of chemical chelators such as DMPS or DMSA also are

effective at measuring body

burden(57), but can be dangerous to some people- especially those still having

amalgam fillings or those allergic

to sulfur drugs or sulfites. Many studies using chemical chelators such as DMPS

or DMSA have found post

chelation levels to be poorly correlated with prechelation blood or urine

levels(57,115,303), but one study (340)

found a significant correlation between pre and post chelation values when using

DMPS. Challange tests using

DMPS or DMSA appear to have a better correlation with body burden and toxicity

symptoms such as

concentration , memory, and motor deficits(290)- with many studies finding a

significant correration between post

chelation mercury level and the number of amalgam

surfaces(57,172,173,222,290,292,273,303). Several doctors

use 16 ug/L as the upper bound for mercury after DMPS challange, and consider

anyone with higher levels to

have excess body burdern(222,352). However one study(290) found significant

effects at lower levels. Some

researchers believe DMSA has less adverse side effects than DMPS and prefer to

use DMSA for chelation for this

reason. Some studies have also found DMSA as more effective at removing mercury

from the brain. Another

chelator used for clogged arteries, EDTA, forms toxic compounds with mercury and

can damage brain

function(307). Use of EDTA may need to be restricted in those with high Hg

levels. N-acetylcystein(NAC) has

been found to be effective at increasing cellular glutathione levels and

chelating mercury(54). Experienced

doctors have also found additional zinc to be useful when chelating mercury(222)

as well as counteracting

mercury\'92s oxidative damage(43). Zinc induces metallothionein which protects

against oxidative damage and

increases protective enzyme activities and glutathione which tend to inhibit

lipid peroxidation and suppress

mercury toxicity(430). Also lipoic acid has been found to dramatically

increase excretion of inorganic

mercury(over 12 fold), but to cause decreased excretion of organic mercury(54).

\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 8. The number of amalgam surfaces has a statistically significant

correlation to :\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (a)\tab blood plasma mercury level (17,49,79,89,133,211)(usually

not as strong as other measures)\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (\tab urine mercury level

(38,49,57,76,77,79,82,83,134,138,167,176,254,303,332,335)\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\

\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 \'a9 oral air(16,18,100,176,335) \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (d)\tab saliva and oral

mucosa(18,58,77,79,117,179,174,199,211,222,292,315,317)\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (e)\tab feces mercury (25,79,80,83,115,117,182,335,386)\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (f)\tab pituitary gland (19,20,25,85,99,273/274)\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (g)\tab brain occipital cortex

(14,16,19,25,34,85,211,273,348,366/274)\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (h)\tab renal(kidney) cortex(14,16,19,20,85,273,348,366) \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\

\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (I) liver(14,19,85,366)\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (j)\tab motor function areas of the brain & CNS: brain stem,

cerebellum, rhombencephalon, dorsal root ganglia, and

anterior horn motor neurons (48,291,327,329,etc.) \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\\

tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 (k)\tab fetal and infant liver/brain levels(61,112,186,231)

related to maternal fillings.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx180\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\

\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640

{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 9. A person with amalgam fillings has daily systemic intake from

mercury vapor of between 3 and 70 micrograms

of mercury, with the average being at least 7 micrograms(ug) per day

(18,77,83,85,93,138,183,199,211,292,315,335). In a large German study, the

median daily exposure for those

with fillings through saliva was approx. 10 ug/day, 4% of those with fillings

had daily exposure through saliva of

over 80 ug/day, and 1% had over 160 ug/day(199). The methods and results of the

Tubingen study(199) were

similar to those of other German studies(292,315,9, 138, 317,335). Total intake

is proportional to the number and

extent of amalgam surfaces, but other factors such as chewing gum, drinking hot

liquids, brushing or polishing,

and using fluoride toothpaste significantly increase the

intake(15,18,28,31,100,134-137,182,

183,199,209,211,292,317,319,348,349,350). Vapor emissions range up to 200 ug/M3

(35) and are much higher

after chewing(137,319). After chewing, those with amalgams had levels over 50

times higher than those without,

and the average level of exposure was 29 ug/day for those with at least 12

occlusal surfaces(18). At least 30% of

those having amalgam fillings tested in a large German study had ingested

mercury levels exceeding the WHO

PTWI mercury standard of 43 ug/day (199,183), and over 50% of those with 6 or

more fillings had daily

exposures more than the U.S. EPA health guideline level(199) of 0.1 ug/kg body

weight/day(199). The median

daily exposure through saliva for those with 10 or more fillings was over 10

times that of those with no

fillings(199,292,315,318). Mercury level in saliva has been found to give much

better indication of body levels

than blood or urine levels(36). Most people with fillings have daily exposure

levels exceeding the U.S. ATSDR

and EPA health guideline levels (2,36,83,89,183,199,209,217,261,292,335,93)\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 10. The blood and urine mercury load of a person with amalgam

fillings is often 5 times that of a similar person

without.(14,16,17,79,80,82,93,136,138, 303,315,317,318) The average blood level

for one large population was 5

ug/l(176). Normal blood levels are less than 20 ppb, but health effects have

been observed in patients in the upper

part of this range. A Swedish study estimated the total amount mercury

swallowed per day from intra-oral vapor

was 10 micrograms per day(177),and a large German study(199) found median

exposure through saliva alone for

those with fillings to be about 10 ug/day, with many having several fillings

with over 10 times that level. Other

studies have found similar amounts(18,83,211,183,209). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 11. Teeth are living tissue and have massive communication with the

rest of the body via blood, lymph, and

nerves. Mercury vapor (and bacteria in teeth ) have paths to the rest of the

body. (34,etc.) German studies of

mercury loss from vapor in unstimulated saliva found the saliva of those with

amalgams had at least 5 times as

much mercury as for controls(138,199,292,315). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 12. Mercury (especially mercury vapor) rapidly crosses the blood

brain barrier and is stored preferentially in the

pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and occipital cortex in direct proportion to the

number and extent of amalgam

surfaces.(14,19,20,25,34,38,85,99,273,274,287,348,366) Thus mercury has a

greater effect on the functions of

these areas. The range in one study was 2.4 to 28.7 ppb(85), and one study

found on average that 77% of the

mercury in the occipital cortex was inorganic(363).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 13. Some mercury entering nasal passages is absorbed directly into

the olfactory lobe and brain without coming

from blood(34,35,182,222,348,364). Mercury also is transported along the axons

of nerve fibres

(5,25,34,35,327,329).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 14. Mercury has a long half life in the body and over 20 years in

the brain, and chronic low level intake results in a

slow accumulation in body tissues. (20,34,35,38,85,etc.)\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 15. Methyl mercury is more toxic to some body processes than

inorganic mercury. Mercury from amalgam is

methylated by bacteria and candida albicans in the mouth and

intestines(51,81,98,182,225). Oral bacteria

streptococommus mitior,S.mutans, and S.sanguis were all found to methylate

mercury(81). High levels of Vit

B12 in the system also have been found to result in increased methyl mercury

concentrations in the liver and

brain(51). Methyl mercury is 10 times more potent in causing genetic damage than

any other known chemical

(Ramel, in(35)), and also crosses the blood-brain barrier readily. Once mercury

vapor or methyl mercury are

converted to inorganic mercury in cells or the brain, the mercury does not

readily cross cell membranes or the

blood-brain barrier. Thus mercury has a very long half life in the brain.

N-acetylcysteine(NAC) has been found

to be effective at increasing glutathione levels and chelating methyl

mercury(54,126).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 16. The level of mercury in the tissue of the fetus, new born, and

young children is directly proportional to the

number of amalgam surfaces in the mother\'92s mouth. (20,23,61,112,210,361) The

level of mercury in umbilical

cord blood and placenta was higher than that in mother\'92s blood(22,186). The

saliva and feces of children with

amalgams have approximately 10 times the level of mercury as children

without(25,315,386), and much higher

levels in saliva after chewing. A group of German children with amalgam fillings

had urine mercury level 4 times

that of a control group without amalgams(76), and in a Norwegian group with

average age 12 there was a

significant correlation between urine mercury level and number of amalgam

fillings(167). The level of mercury in

maternal hair was significantly correlated to level of mercury in nursing

infants(279). One study found a 60%

increase in average cord blood mercury level between 1980 and 1990 in

Japan(186).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 17. }{\plain \f3 The fetal mercury content after maternal

inhalation of mercury vapor was found to be higher than in the

mother( 4,etc.) }{\plain \f3 Mercury from amalgam in the blood of pregnant

women crosses the placenta and appears in

amniotic fluid and fetal blood, liver, and pituitary gland soon after placement

(20,22,23,31,36,61,162,186,281,348,366). Dental amalgams are the main source of

mercury in breast

milk(112,186,304,339,20). Milk increases the bioavailability of

mercury(112,304,391) and mercury is often stored

in breast milk and the fetus at much higher levels than that in the mother's

tissues (19,20,22,23,61,112,186,210,

287,304). The level of mercury in breast milk was found to be significantly

correlated with the number of

amalgam fillings(61), with milk from mothers with 7 or more fillings having

levels in milk approx. 10 times that

of amalgam free mothers. The milk sampled ranged from 0.2 to 6.9 ug/L. Several

authors suggest use of early

mother\'92s milk as a screen for potenital problems since it is correlated both

to maternal and infant mercury levels.

The highest level is in the pituitary gland of the fetus which affects

development of the endocrine}{\plain \f3 to be approx}{\plain \f3 0

times that for maternal exposure to an equivalent dose of inorganic

mercury(281,287), and developmental

behavioral effects from vapor have been found at levels considerably below that

required for similar effects by

methyl mercury(20,49,119c,264,287,304,338). The level of total mercury in

nursing infants was significantly

correlated to total mercury level in maternal hair(22,279).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 18. There is a significant correlation between number of amalgam

fillings of the mother and the level of the fetus

and older infants(20,23,61,304), and also with the level in mother\'92s milk

(19,20,38,112, 304). Fertile women

should not be exposed to vapor levels above government health

guidelines(38,61,182,282) ;the U.S. ATSDR

mercury health MRL of 0.2 mcg/M3 (2,217); or have amalgams placed or removed

during

pregnancy(20,182,231,304,etc.).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 IV. Immune System Effects and Autoimmune Disease\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 1. Many thousands of people with symptoms of mercury toxicity have

been found in tests to have high levels of

mercury, and many thousands who have had amalgam fillings removed(most) have had

health problems and

symptoms alleviated or greatly improved(see Section VI). From clinical

experience some of the symptoms of

mercury sensitivity/mercury poisoning include chronic fatigue, dizziness,

frequent urination, insomnia, headaches,

chronic skin problems, metallic taste, gastrointestinal problems, asthma(8,97),

stuffy nose, drycrusts in nose,

rhinitis, plugged ears, ringing ears, chest pain, hyperventilation, diabetes,

spacy feeling, chilly, chronic skin

problems, immune and autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular problems and many types

of neurological problems

(26,34,35,36,38,45,59,60,69,70,71,75,91,109,148,165,204,212,199,246,255,268-270,\

290,291,294, 313,343).

Amalgam results is chronic exposure rather than acute exposure and accumulation

in body organs over time, so

most health effects are of the chronic rather than acute in nature, but serious

health problems have been

documented to be related to amalgam and researchers have attributed some deaths

as due to amalgam

(356,32,245).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 2. Mercury vapor exposure at very low levels adversely affects the

immune system(17,27,31,38,45,60,84,118,129,

131,165,226,270,285,296,313,314,355368,369). From animal studies it has been

determined that mercury

damages T-cells by generating reactive oxygen species(ROS), depleting the thiol

reserves of cells, damaging and

decreasing the dimension of mitochondria, causing destruction of cytoplasmic

organelles with loss of cell

membrane integrity, inhibiting ability to secrete interleukin IL-1 and IL-2R,

causing activation of glial cells to

produce superoxide and nitric oxide, and inactivating or inhibiting enzyme

systems involving the sulphydrol

protein groups(226,424). Mercury caused adverse effects on both neutrophil and

macrophage function and after

depletion of thiol reserves, T-cells were susceptible to Hg induced cellular

death (apoptosis).(226,272,355)

Interferon syntheses was reduced in a concentration dependent manner with either

mercury or methyl mercury as

well as other immune functions(131), and low doses also induce aggregation of

cell surface proteins and dramatic

tyrosine phosporlation of cellular proteins related to asthma, allergic diseases

such as eczema and lupus(234), and

autoimmunity(181,314). One study found that insertion of amalgam fillings or

nickel dental materials causes a

supression of the number of T-lympocytes(270), and impairs the T-4/T-8 ratio.

Low T4/T8 ratio has been found

to be a factor in lupus, anemia, MS, eczema, inflamatory bowel disease, and

glomerulonephritis. Mercury induced

autoimmunity in animals and humans has been found to be associated with

mercury\'92s expression of major

histocompatibility complex(MHC) class II genes(314,181,226,425c). Both mercuric

and methyl mercury chlorides

caused dose dependent reduction in immune B-cell production. (316) B-cell

expression of IgE receptors were

significantly reduced(316,165), with a rapid and sustained elevation in

intracellular levels of calcium

induced(316,333). Both forms are immontoxic and cytotoxic ant very low levels

seen in individuals. Mercury also

inhibited B-cell and T-cell RNA and DNA synthesis. The inhibition of these

functins by 50 % occurred rapidly at

very low levels, in the range of 10 to 25 ug/L. All types of cells exhibited a

dose dependent reduct in cellular

glutathione when exposed to mercury, inhibiting generation of GSH by lumpocutes

and moncytes(252). Workers

occupationally exposed to mercury at levels within guidelines have been found to

have impairment of lytic activity

of neutrophils and reduced abiltiy of neutraphils to kill invaders such as

candida(285,404). Immune Th1 cells

inhibit candida by cytokine related activation of macrophages and neutraphils.

Development of Th2 type immune

responses deactivate such defenses(404b). Mercury inhibits macrophage and

neutraphil defense against candida by

its affects on Th1 and Th2 cytokine effects(181,285). Low doses also induced

autoimmuntiy in some

species(181,314,404,131,129,43). Another effect found is increase in the average

blood white cell count

significantly (35). The increased white count usually normalizes after amalgam

removal. Mercury also blocks

the immune function of magnesium and zinc (198,427,43,38). Several studies found

adverse health effects at

mercury vapor levels of 1 to 5 mcg/M3 (35). }{\plain \f3 Large numbers of people

undergoing amalgam removal have

clinically demonstrated significant improvements in the immune system parameters

discussed here and recovery

and significant improvement in immune system problems in most cases

surveryed(Section VI).}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 3. Mercury from amalgam interferes with production of cytokines

that activate macrophage and neutraphils,

disabling early control of viruses and leading to enhanced infection(131,251).

Animal studies have confirmed that\par

}{\plain \f3 mercury increases effects of the herpes simplex veris type 2 for

example(131). Both mercuric and methyl

mercury were equally highly toxic at the cellular level and in causing cell

volume redcuctions(131). However

methyl mercury inhibits macrophage functions such as migration and phagocytosis

at lower levels.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 4. Body mercury burden was found to play a role in resistant

infections such as Chlamydia trachomatis and herpes

family viral infections; it was found many cases can only be effectively treated

by antibiotics after removal of

body mercury burden(cilantro tablets were used with followup

antibiotics)(251,131). Similar results have been

found for treatment of cancer.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 5. Mercury by its effect of weakening the immune system contributes

to increased chronic diseases and

cancer(91,180,237,239,222,234,355,38,40,etc,). Exposure to mercury vapor causes

decreased zinc and

methionine availability, depresses rates of methylation, and increased free

radicals-all factors in increased

suscepability to cancer(14,34,38,43,143,144,180,237,239,251,256,283). Amalgam

fillings have also been found

to be positively associated with mouth cancer(206,251,403).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 6. Among a group of patients testing positive as allergic to

mercury, low level mercury exposure was found to

cause adverse immune system response, including reduction of in vitro production

of tumor necrosis factor TNF

alfa and interleukin-1. (131,152) Mercury also interrupts the cytochrome

oxidase system, blocking the ATP

energy function (35,232) and impairing astrocyte function(119).. These effects

often result in fatigue and reduced

energy levels (35,60,119,140,141,182,202,212,232,235,313).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 7. Toxic/allergic reactions to metals such as mercury often result

in lichen planus lesions in oral mucosa or gums

and play a roll in pathogenesis of periodontal disease. A high percentage of

patients with oral mucosal problems

along with other autoimmune problems such as CFS have significant immune

reactions to mercury, palladium,

gold, and nickel(60,118,313,81,90,212,313,342,368,369,375), including to mercury

preservatives such as

thimersol. 94% of such patients had significant immune reactions to inorganic

mercury(MELISA test) and 72%

had immune reactions to low concentrations of HgCl2(<0.5 ug/ml). 61% also had

immune reaction to phenylHg,

which has been commonly used in root canals and cosmetics(313). 10% of

controls had significant immune

reactions to HgCl and 8.3% to palladium. Removal of amalgam fillings usually

results in cure of such lesions.

(46,60,75,78,82, 86, 87,90,94,101,118,133,168,313). Other studies of patients

suffering from chronic fatigue

found similar results(369,375). Of 50 patients suffering from serious fatigue

refered for MELISA test(369), over

70% had significant immune reaction to inorganic mercury and 50% to nickel, with

most patients also reactive to

one or more other metals such as palladium, cadmium, lead, and methyl

mercury.\par

}{\plain \f3 Mercury has been found to impair conversion of thyroid T4 hormone

to the active T3 form as well\par

}{\plain \f3 as causing autoimmune thyroiditis common to such patients(369,382).

In general immune activation from toxics

such as heavy metals resulting in cytokine release and abnormalities of the

hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis

can cause changes in the brain, fatigue, and severe psycholgical

symtoms(379-382,385,369,375, 118,60) such as

profound fatigue, muscosketal pain, sleep disturbances, gastrointestinal and

neurological problems as are seen in

CFS, fibromyalgia, and autoimmune thyroidititis. Such symptoms usually improve

significantly after amalgam

removal. Such hypersensitivity has been found most common in those with

genetic predisposition to heavy metal

sensitivity(369,60), such as found more frequently in patients with HLA-DRA

antigens(383). A significant

portions of the population appear to fall in this category.\par

}{\plain \f3 8. Patients with other systemic neurological or immune symptoms

such as arthritis, myalgia, eczema, CFS, MS,

diabetes, etc. also often recover after amalgam replacement

(60,212,313,342,368,369,section VI). Of a group of

86 patients with CFS symptoms, 78% reported significant health improvements

after replacement of amalgam

fillings within a relatively short period, and MELISA test found significant

reduction in lymphocyte reactivity

compared to pre removal tests(342,368). The improvement in symptoms and

lymphocute reactivity imply that

most of the Hg-induced lymphocyte reactivity is allergenic in nature. Although

patch tests for mercury allergy are

often given for unresolved oral symptoms, this is not generally recommended as a

high percentage of such

problems are resolved irrespective of the outcome of a patch

test(87,86,90,101,168,etc.) Also using mercury in a

patch test has resulted in some adverse health effects. A group of patients

that had amalgams removed because of

chronic health problems, was able to detect subjectively when a patch test used

mercury salts in a double blind

study(373).\par

}{\plain \f3 Of the over 3,000 patients tested for lymphocyte reactivity

to metals(342,368,375), the following were the

percentages testing positive: nickel- 34%, inorganic mercury- 23%, phenol

mercury- 13%, gold- 12%, cadmium-

11%, palladium- 11%, silver- 1%. }{\plain \f3 Other studies have also found

relatively high rates of allergic reactions to

inorganic mercury and nickel(81,etc.). }{\plain \f3 For groups with suspected

autoimmune diseases such as neurological

problems, CFS, and oral lichen planus; most of the patients tested positive to

inorganic mercury and most of such

patients health improved significantly and immune reactivity declined after

amalgam removal. In a group of

patients tested by MELISA before and after amalgam removal at a clinic in

Uppsula Sweden}{\plain \f3 , the patients

reactivity to inorganic mercury, palladium, gold and phenyl mercury all had

highly significant differences from

the control group, with over 20 % being hihgly reactive to each of these

metals(375). A high percentage were

also reactive to nickel in both groups. After amalgam revoval the immune

reactivity to all of these metals other

than nickel declined significantly, and 76% reported significant long term

health improvements after 2 years.

Only 2% were worse. The study concluded that immune reactivity to mercury and

palladium is common and

appears to be allegenic/immune related in nature since immune reactivity

declines when exposure levels are

reduced. Such studies have also found that deficiencies in detoxification

enzymes such as glutathione

transfereases cause increased susceptibility to metals and other chemicals(384).

Such deficiencies can be due to

genetic predisposition, but are also known to be caused by acute or chronic

toxic exposures.\par

}{\plain \f3 For MS and lupus patients, a high percentage tested positive to

nickel and/or inorganic mercury. \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 A patch test was given to a large group of medical students to

assess factors that lead to sensitization to

mercury(132). 13% tested positive for allergy to mercury. Eating fish was not

a significant factor between

sensitive and non- sensitized students, but the sensitized group had a

significantly higher average number of

amalgam fillings and higher hair mercury levels. In a population of dental

students tested, 44% were positive

for allergy to mercury(156).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 9. A high correlation has been found between patients subjectively

diagnosed with CNS & systemic symptoms

suggestive of mercury intoxication and immune reactivity to inorganic

mercury(MELISA test,118) as well as

with MRI positive patients for brain damage. 81% of the group with health

complaints had pathological MRI

results including signs of degeneration of the basal ganglia of the brain, but

none in the controls. 60% of the

symptom group tested positive for immune system reaction to mercury}{\plain \f3

.. Controls without CNS problems did not

have such positive correlations. The authors concluded that immune reactions

have an important role in

development of brain lesions ,and amalgam fillings induce immune reactions in

many patients

(91,118)(270,286).}{\plain \f3 Mercury,nickel,palladium, and gold induce

autoimmunity in genetically predisposed or

highly exposed individuals(314,234,130,342,). Tests have found a significant

portion of people to be in this

category and thus more affected by exposure to amalgam than others. \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 10. Low level mercury exposure(as well as other toxic metals)

including exposure to amalgam fillings has been

found to be associated with increased autoimmune diseases }{\plain \f3 (19,

27,34,35,44,45,60,215,234,268,269,270,

313,314}{\plain \f3 ), including lupus(12,60,113,234),Chrons Disease,lichen

planus(86,87,90,168), endometriosis

(1,9,38,229). Silver also is released from amalgam fillings and stored in the

body and has been shown to cause

immune complex deposits, immune reactions and autoimmunity in animal studies

(77,78,129,314).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 11. Mercury exposure through fillings appears to be a major factor

in chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS) through

its effects on ATP and immune system(lymphocute reactivity, neutraphil activity,

effects on T-cells and B-cells)

and its promotion of growth of candida albicans in the body and the methylation

of inorganic mercury by

candida to the extremely toxic methyl mercury form which like mercury vapor

crosses the blood-brain barrier

and also damages and weakens the immune

system(222,225,226,234,235,265,293,60,313,314,342,368,369,

404), }{\plain \f3 and both inorganic and methyl mercury have been shown in

animal studies to induce autoimmune

reactions and disease in susceptible types through effects on immune system T

cells

(226,234,268,269,270,314,425,426/272.) }{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 \tab Spatial and temporal changes in intracellular calcium

concentrations are critical for controlling gene

expression and neurotransmitter release in neurons(432). Mercury alters calcium

homeostasis and calcium

levles in the brain and affects gene expression and neurotransmitter release

through its effects on calcium, etc.\par

}{\plain \f3 Mercury inhibits sodium and potassium (N,K)ATPase in dose dependent

manner and inhibits dopamine and

noreprenephrine uptake by synaptosomes(288,50,270). \par

}{\plain \f3 \tab Mercury lymphocyte reactivity and effects on glutamate in

the CNS induce CFS type symptoms including

profound tiredness, musculoskeletal pain, sleep distubances, gastrointestinal

and neurological problems along

with other CFS symptoms and fibromyalgia(342,346,368,369). Mercury has been

found to be a common cause

of fibromyalgia(293,346,369). Glutamate is the most abundant amino acid in

the body and in the CNS acts as

excitory neurotransmitter(346,386), which also causes inflow of calcium.

Astrocytes, a type of cell in the brain

and CNS with the task of keeping clean the area around nerve cells, have a

function of neutralizing excess

glutamate by transforming it to glutamic acid. If astrocytes are not able to

rapidly neutralize excess glutamate,

then a buildup of glutamate and calcium occurs, causing swelling and neurotoxic

effects(119,333). Mercury

and other toxic metals inhibit astrocyte function in the brain and CNS(119),

causing increased glutamate and

calcium related neurotoxicity(119,333,226a) which are responsible for much of

the fibromylgia symptoms.

This is also a factor in conditions such as CFS, Parkinson\'92s, and

ALS(346,416). Animal studies have

confirmed that increased levels of glutamate(or aspartate, another amino acid

excitory neurotransmitter) cause

increased sensitivity to pain , as well as higher body temperature- both found

in CFS/fibromyalgia. Mercury

and increased glutamate activate free radical forming processes like xanthine

oxidase which produce oxygen

radicals and oxidative neurological damage(346,142,13). Medical studies and

doctors treating fibromylagia

have found that supplements which cause a decrease in glutamate or protect

against its effects have a positive

effect on fibromyalgia. Some that have been found to be effective include Vit

B6, methyl cobalamine(B12), L-carnitine, choline, ginseng, Ginkgo

biloba,vitamins C and E, nicotine, and omega 3 fatty acids(fish and flaxseed

oil)(417). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 V. Medical Studies Finding Health Problems Related to Amalgam

Fillings (other than immune)\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 1. Neurological problems are among the most common and serious and

include memory loss, moodiness,

depression, anger and sudden bursts of anger/rage(434), self-effacement,

suicidal thoughts, lack of

strength/force to resolve doubts or resist obsessions or compulsions, etc. Many

studies of patients with major

neurological diseases have found evidence amalgam fillings may play a major role

in development of

conditions such as }{\plain \f3

depression(107,109,212,222,271,294,212,229,233,285e,317,320,322}{\plain \f3 ),

schizophrenia(34,35,295), memory problems(212,222), and other more serious

neurological diseases such as

MS, ALS, Parkinson\'92s, and Alzheimer\'92s(see # 25.). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 \tab Calcium plays a major role in the extreme neurotoxicity of

mercury and methyl mercury. Both inhibit

cellular calcium ATPase and calcium uptake by brain microsomes at very low

levels of

exposure(270,288,329,333,432,56,). Protein Kinase C (PKC) regulates

intracellular and extra cellular singals

across neuronal membranes, and both forms of mercury inhibit PKC at micromolar

levels, as well as inhibiting

phorbal ester binding(43,432). They also block or inhibit calcium L-channel

currents in the brain in an

irreversable and concecentration dependent manner. Mecury vapor or inorganic

mercury exposure affects the

posterior cingulate cortex and causes sysregulation with sufficient

exposure(428). Some of the resulting

conditions include stomatitis, tremor, ADD, erythism, etc. Metallic mercury is

much more potent than methyl

mercury in such actions, with 50 % inhibitation in animal studies at 13

ppb(333,329). \par

}{\plain \f3 \tab Mercury causes decreased lithium levels, which is a factor

in neurological diseases such as depression and

Alzheimer\'92s. Lithium protects brain cells against excess glutamate and

calcium, and low levels cause abnormal

brain cell balance and neurological disturbances (280,294,333,33,56 ). Medical

texts on neurology (27,295)

point out that chronic mercurialism is often not recognized by diagnosticians

and misdiagnosed as dementia or

neurosis or functional psychosis or just \'93nerves\'94. \'93Early

manifestations are likely to be subtle and diagnosis

difficult: Insomnia, nervousness, mild tremor, impaired judgment and

coordination, decreased mental

efficiency, emotional lability, headache, fatigue, loss of sexual drive,

depression, etc. are often mistakenly

ascribed to psychogenic causes\'94. Very high levels of mercury are found in

brain memory areas such as the

cerebral cortex and hippocampus of patients with diseases with memory related

symptoms (158,34,207,etc.\} \par

}{\plain \f3 Mercury interacts with brain tubulin and disassembles microtubiles

that maintain neurite structure(207b). Thus

chronic exposure to low level mercury vapor can inhibit polymerzation of brain

tubulin essential to formation of

microtubles. Studeis of mercury studies on animals give results similar to that

found the the Alzheimer brain.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 Animal studies of developmental effects of mercury on the

brain have found significant effects at extremely

low exposure levels, levels commonly seen in those with amalgam fillings or in

dental staff working with

amalgam. One study(175) found mercury vapor decreased NGF concentration in

rat\'92s forebrain }{\plain \f3 at 4 parts per

billion(ppb) tissue concentration. Another study(134) found general toxicity

effects at 1 micromole(uM) levels

in immature cell cultures, increased immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary

protein at 1 nanamole (0.2 ppb)

concentration, and microglial response at even lower levels. Other animal

studies on rodents and monkeys have

found brain cellular migration disturbances, behavioral changes, along with

reduced learning and adaption

capacity after low levels of mercury vapor exposure (210,264,287,149). The

exposure levels in these studies

are seen in the fetus and newborn babies of mother\'92s with amalgam fillings or

who had work involving

amalgam during pregnancy(61).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 Epidemiological studies have found that human embryos are also

highly susceptible to brain damage from

prenatal exposure to mercury. Studies have confirmed that there are vulnerable

periods during brain and

CNS development that are expecially sensitive to neurotoxic exposures and affect

development processes and

results(429). The fetal period is most sensitive, but neural developement

extends through adolescence. Some

conditions found to be related to such toxic exposures include autism,

scizophrenia, ADD, dyslexia, eczema,

etc. Prenatal/early postnatal exposure to mercury affects level of nerve

growth factor(NGF) in the brain

and causes brain damage and imbalances in development of the brain (38,119,181,

305,259,210,149,305,24/39,175,255,149). Exposure of developing neuroblastoma

cells to sub-cytotoxic doses

of mercuric oxide resulted in lower levels of neurofilament proteins than

unexposed cells(305). }{\plain \f3 Mercury

vapor exposure causes impaired cell proliferation in the brain and organs,

resulting in reduced volume for

cerebellum and organs and subtle deficiencies(38,305).}{\plain \f3 Exposure

to mercury and 4 other heavy metals tested

for in a study of school children accounted for 23% of the variation in test

scores for reading, spelling and

visual motor skills(3). A Canadian study found that blood levels of five

metals were able to predict with a

98% accuracy which children were learning disabled(3).}{\plain \fs20 }{\plain

\f3 Several studies found that mercury causes learning

disabilities and impairment, and reduction in IQ(3,21,38,110,264,285c,279).

}{\plain \f3 Mercury has an effect on the fetal

nervous system at levels far below that considered toxic in adults, and

background levels of mercury in mothers

correlate significantly with incidence of birth defects and still births

(23,38,287,10).}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 2. Numerous studies have found long term chronic low doses of

mercury cause neurological, memory,

behavior,sleep, and mood problems(3,34,60,69,70,71,74,107,

108,109,119,140,141,199,212,222,246,255,257,

258,282,290). Neurological effects have been documented at very low levels of

exposure(urine Hg< 4 ug/L),

levels commonly received by those with amalgam fillings(290). One of the studies

at a German University(199)

assessed 20,000 people. There is also evidence that fetal or infant exposure

causes delayed neurotoxicity

evidenced in serious effect at middle age(255,306). Organic tin compounds formed

from amalgam are even more

neurotoxic than mercury(222,262). Studies of groups of patients with

amalgam fillings found significantly

more neurological, memory, mood, and behavioral problems than the control

groups.

(3,34,107,108,109,140,141,199,212,222,290).\par

}{\plain \f3 A high correlation has been found between patients subjectively

diagnosed with CNS & systemic symptoms

suggestive of mercury intoxication and immune reactivity to inorganic

mercury(MELISA test,118) as well as with

MRI positive patients for brain damage. Controls without CNS problems did not

have such positive correlations.

Mercury,nickel,palladium, and gold induce autoimmunity in genetically

predisposed or highly exposed

individuals(314,234,130,342). Tests have found a significant portion of people

to be in this category and thus

more affected by exposure to amalgam than others(see section V). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 3. Mercury binds to hemoglobin in the red blood cells thus reducing

oxygen carrying capacity(332,35) and

adversely affects the vascular response to norepinepherin and potassium.

Mercury also increases cytosolic fre

calcium levels in lymphocytes in a concentration-dependant manner causing influx

from the extracellular

medium(270c), and blocks entry of calcium ions into the cytoplasm

(1,16,17,21,33,35,333), and at 100 ppb can

destroy the membrane of red blood cells(35,22,17,270c) and damage blood vessels-

reducing blood supply to the

tissues (34,202,306). Amalgam fillings have been found to be related to

higher blood pressure, hemoglobin

irregularities, tachycardia, chest pains, etc.(201,202,205,212,222,306,310,35).

Mercury also interrupts the

cytochrome oxidase system, blocking the ATP energy function(35,232) and

impairing astrocyte function(119)..

These effects often result in fatigue and reduced energy levels

(35,60,119,140,141, 182,202,212,232,235,313).

Mercury also accumulates in the heart and damages myocardial and heart valves

(Turpayev,in (35)) &

(59,201,205,306,351,370). Both mercury and methyl mercury have been shown to

cause depletion of calcium

from the heart muscle and to inhibit myosin ATPase activity by 50% at 30

ppb(59), as well as reducing NK-cells

in the blood and spleen. The interruption of the ATP energy chemistry results

in high levels of porphyrins in the

urine(260). Mercury,lead, and other toxics have different patterns of high

levels for the 5 types of porphyrins,

with pattern indicating likely source and the level extent of damage. The

average for those with amalgams is over

3 time that of those without, and is over 20 times normal for some severely

poisoned people(232,260). The FDA

has approved a test measuring porphyrins as a test for mercury poisoning.

However some other dental problems

such as nickel crowns and root canals also can cause high porphyrins.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 4. Patch tests for hypersensitivity to mercury have found from 2%

to 44% to test positive (87,154,156, 178, 267),

much higher for groups with more amalgam fillings and length of exposure than

those with less. In studies of

medical and dental students, those testing positive had significantly higher

average number of amalgam fillings

than those not testing positive(and higher levels of mercury in urine(132,156).

Of the dental students with 10 or

more fillings at least 5 years old, 44% tested allergic. Based on these studies

and statistics for the number with 10

or more fillings, the percent of Americans allergic to mercury just from this

group would be about 17 million

people especially vulnerable to increased immune system reactions to amalgam

fillings. However, the total

would be much larger and patch tests do not measure the total population getting

toxic reactions from mercury.

The most sensitive reactions are immune reactions, DNA mutations,

developmental,enzyme inhibition, and

systemic effects(34,38,61,149,186,226,263,264,270,272,296,305,410-412/357).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 5. People with amalgam fillings have an increased number of

intestinal microorganisms resistant to mercury and

many standard antibiotics. (35,116,117,161,389) Recent studies have found that

drug resistant strains of bacteria

causing ear infections, sinuitis, and pneumonia moe than doubled since 1996, and

similar for strains of bacteria in

U.S. rivers(53). Studies have found a significant correlation between mercury

resistance and multiple antibiotic

resistance (116,117,161,369), and have found that after reducing mercury burden

antibiotic resistance

declines(251,389,40).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 6. Mercury from amalgam binds to the -SH (sulphydryl) groups,

resulting in inactivation of sulfur and blocking of

enzyme function, producing sulfur metobolites with extreme toxicity that the

body is unable to properly

detoxify(33,114). Sulfur is essential in enzymes, hormones, nerve tissue, and

red blood cells. These exist in

almost every enzymatic process in the body. Blocked or inhibited sulfur

oxidation at the cellular level has been

found in most with many of the chronic degenertive diseases, including

Parkinson\'92s, Alzheimer\'92s, ALS, lupus,

rheumatoid arthritis, MCS, autism, etc}{\plain \f3 (330,331,56)}{\plain \f3 .

Mercury also blocks the metabolic action of manganese and

the entry of calcium ions into cytoplasm(333). Mercury from amalgam thus has

the potential to disturb all

metabolic processes(25,21,33, 35,56,60,111,180,194,197\}. Mercury is

transported throughout the body in blood

and can affect cells in the body and organs in different ways.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 7. A large study of 20,000 subjects at a German university found a

significant relation between the number of

amalgam fillings with periodontal problems, neurological problems, and

gastrointestinal problems(199).

Allergies and hair-loss were found to be 2-3 times as high in a group with large

number of amalgam fillings

compared to controls(199,9). Levels of mercury in follicular fluid was

significantly higher for those with

amalgam fillings (9,146). Based on this finding, a Gynecological Clinic that

sees a large number of women

suffering from alopecia/hair loss that was not responding to treatment had

amalgams replaced in 132 women who

had not responded to treatment. 68 % of the women then responded to

treatment and alopecia was

alleviated(187). In other studies involving amalgam removal, the majority had

significant improvement (40,317).

Higher levels of hormone disturbances, immune disturbances, infertility, and

recurrent fungal infections were also

found in the amalgam group. The results of hormone tests, cell culture studies,

an intervention studies

agree(9,146). Other clinics have also found alleviation of hair loss/alopechia

after amalgam removal and

detox(40,317). }{\plain \f3 Another study in Japan found significantly higher

levels of mercury in gray hair than in dark

hair(402). }{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 8. Mercury accumulates in the kidneys with increasing levels over

time. One study found levels ranging from 21

to 810 ppb. Mercury exposure has been shown to adversely affect kidney function

in occupational and animal

studies (20,203,211,260,etc.), and also in those with more than average number

of amalgam fillings(254)..

Inorganic mercury exposure has been found to exert a dose-dependent cytotoxicity

by generating extremely high

levels of hydrogen peroxide, which is normally quenched by pyruvate and

catalase(203). HgCl2 also has been

found to impair function of other organelles such s lysomomes that maintain

transmembrane proton gradient, and

to decrease glutathione peroxidase activity in the kidneys while upregulating

heme oxidase function. The

Government's toxic level for mercury in urine is 30 mcg/L (189), but adverse

effects have been seen at lower

levels and low levels in urine often mean high mercury retention and chronic

toxicity problems.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 9. Amalgam fillings produce electrical currents which increase

mercury vapor release and may have other harmful

effects(19,27,28,29,30,35,100,192,194). These currents are measured in micro

amps. The central nervous system

operates on signals in the range of nano-amps, which is 1000 times less than a

micro amp(28). Negatively

charged fillings or crown appear to cause higher mercury vapor losses(35). Some

studies have also\par

}{\plain \f3 found persons with chronic exposure to electromagnetic fields(EMF)

to have higher levels of mercury

excretion(28).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 10. Mercury from amalgam fillings is transferred to the fetus of

pregnant women and children who breast feed at

levels often higher than those of the mother(18,19,20,23,31,38,61,112, 186,281).

Mercury has an effect on the

fetal nervous system at levels far below that considered toxic in adults, and

background levels of mercury in

mothers correlate significantly with incidence of birth defects and still

births(10,23,38,197,210,287,361). Mercury

vapor exposure causes impaired cell proliferation in the brain and organs,

resulting in reduced volume for

cerebellum and organs and subtle deficiencies(38,305).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 11. Since mercury(all forms) is documented from studies of humans

and animals to be a reproductive and

developmental toxin(23,38,61,105,186,224,255,287.305,etc.), mercury can reduce

reproductive function and cause

birth defects and developmental problems in

children(2,4,9,10,20,23,24,31,37,38,39,41,55,61,104,146,159,

162,224,255). Clinical evidence indicates that amalgam fillings lead to hormone

imbalances that can reduce

fertility(9,38,55,4,105,146,367). Mercury has been found to cause decreased

sperm volume and motility

,increased sperm abnormalities and spontaneous abortions, increased uterine

fibroids/endometritis, and decreased

fertility in animals(4,104,105,162) and in

humans(9,105,146,159,395,433,27,35,38). In studies of women having

miscarriages or birth defects, husbands were found to typically have low sperm

counts and significantly more

visually abnormal sperm(393). Subfertile males in Hong Kong were found to have

40% more mercury in their hair

than fertile controls(55). Studies in monkeys have found decreased sperm

motility, abnormal sperm, increased

infertility and abortions at low levels of methyl mercury(162,365).

Researcher's advise pregnant women should

not be exposed to mercury vapor levels above government health standards

(2,19,25,227, 61,100,182,282,366);

currently U.S. ATSDR mercury health MRL of 0.2 mcg/M3 which is exceeded by any

dental work involving

amalgam(Section III). Many governments have bans or restrictions on use of

amalgam by women of child-bearing age. \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 12. Mercury causes breaks in DNA (4,38,41,42,197,272,296). Low

non-cytotoxic levels of mercury induce dose

dependent binding of mercury to DNA and significantly increased cell mutations

(142,4) and birth

defects(197,38,105).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 13. Mercury has been well documented to be an endocrine system

disrupting chemical in animals and people,

disrupting function of the pituitary gland, hypothallamus, thyroid

gland(50,369), enzyme production

processes(111,194,33,56), and many hormonal functions at very low levels of

exposure (9,105,146, 210, 312,369).

The pituitary gland controls many of the body\'92s endocrine system functions

and secretes hormones that control

most bodily processes, including the immune system and reproductive

systems(105,312). The hypothallamus

regulates body temperature and many metabolic processes. Mercury damage thus

commonly results in poor

bodily temperature control, in addtion to many problems caused by hormonal

imbalances. Such hormonal

secretions are affected at levels of mercury exposure much lower than the acute

toxicity effects normally tested.

Mercury also damages the blood brain barrier and facilitates penetration of the

brain by other toxic metals and

substances (311). Low levels of mercuric chloride also inhibit ATPase activity

in the thyroid, with methyl

mercury inhibiting ATP function at even lower levels(50). Both types of mercury

were found to cause denaturing

of protein, but inorganic mercury was more potent. These effects result commonly

in a reduction in thyroid

production(50) and an accumulation in the thyroid of radiation. Toxic metal

exposure\'92s adverse influence on

thyrocytes can play a major role in thyroid cancer etiology(144) . Among

those with chronic immune system

problems with related immune antibodies, the types showing the highest level of

antibody reductions after

amalgam removal include thyreoglobulin and microsomal thyroid antigens(91)

\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 14. There has been no evidence found that there is any safe level

of mercury in the body that does not kill cells

and harm body processes(WHO,183,189, etc.). This is especially so for the

pituitary gland of the developing

fetus where mercury has been shown to accumulate and which is the most sensitive

to mercury(2-4,19-24,30,31,36-44,61,186). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 15. Low levels of mercury and toxic metals have been found to

inhibit dihydroteridine reductase, which affects the

neural system function by inhibiting transmitters through its effect on

phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan

transport into neurons(27,98,122,257,289,372,342). This was found to cause

severe impaired amine synthesis

and hypokinesis. Tetrahydrobiopterin, which is essential in production of

neurotransmitters, is significantly

decreased in patients with alzheimer\'92s, Parkinson\'92s, and MS. Such patients

have abnormal inhibition of

neurotransmitter production. Such symptoms improved for some patients after

administration of \par

}{\plain \f3 5-formyltetrahydrofolate or tyrosine(257).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 16. The level of mercury released by amalgam fillings is often more

than the levels documented in medical studies

to produce adverse effects and above the U.S. government health guidelines for

mercury exposure(see previous

text).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 17. Many studies of patients with major neurological or

degenerative diseases have found evidence amalgam

fillings may play a major role in development of conditions such as such as

Alzheimers (66,67,158,166,204,

207,221,238,242,244,257,295,300), ALS(92,97,325,346,416,423),

MS(102,163,170,183,184,212,285,291, 302,

324,326), Parkinson\'92s(98,169,248,250,258,363,56,84),ADD(285e), etc. Mercury

exposure causes high levels of

oxidative stress/reactive oxygen species(ROS)(13), which has been found to be a

major factor in neurological

disease(56). Mercury and quinones form conjugates with thiol compounds such as

glutathione and cysteine and

cause depletion of glutathione, which is necessary to mitigate reactive damage.

Such congugates are found to be

highest in the brain substantia nigra with similar congugates formed with L-Dopa

and dopamine in Parkinson\'92s

disease(56). Mercury depletion of GSH and damage to cellular mitochrondria and

the increased lipid perxodation

in protein and DNA oxidation in the brain appear to be a major factor in

Parkinson\'92s disease(33,346). One study

found higher than average levels of mercury in the blood, urine, and hair of

Parkinson\'92s disease patients(363).

Another study(169) found blood and urine mercury levels to be very strongly

related to Parkinson\'92s with odds

ratios of approx. 20 at high levels of Hg exposure. }{\plain \f3 Increased

formation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) has also

been found to increase formation of advanced glycation end products(AGEs) that

have been found to cause

}{\plain \f3 activation of glial cells to produce superoxide and nitric oxide,

they can be\par

}{\plain \f3 considered part of a vicious cycle, which finally leads to neuronal

cell death in the\par

}{\plain \f3 substantia nigra in PD(424).}{\plain \f3 }{\plain \f3 Another

study (145) that reveiwed occupational exposure data found that

occupational exposure to manganese and copper have high odds rations for

relation to PD, as well as multiple

exposures to these and lead, but noted that this effect was only seen for

exposure of over 20 years.\par

}{\plain \f3 Mercury has been found to accumulate preferentially in the

primary motor function related areas such as the

brain stem, cerebellum, rhombencephalon, dorsal root ganglia, and anterior horn

motor neurons, which enervate

the skeletal muscles(48,291,327,329). There is considerable indication this may

be a factor in ALS development

(48,325,405,416,423). Mercury penetrates and damages the blood brain barrier

allowing penetration of the barrier

by other substances that are neurotoxic (20,38,85,105,162,301,311/262). Such

damage to the blood brain barrier\'92s

function has been found to be a major factor in chronic neurological diseases

such as MS(286,289,291,302,

324,326). MS patients have been found to have much higher levels of mercury in

cerebrospinal fluid compared to

controls (163,35,139). Large German studies including studies at German

universities have found that MS

patients usually have high levels of mercury body burden, with one study finding

300% higher than controls(271).

Most recovered after mercury detox, with some requiring addtional treatment for

viruses and intestinal dysbiosis.

Studies have found mercury related mental effects to be indistinguishable from

those of MS

(207,212,222,244,271,289,291,302,183,184,324,326).\par

}{\plain \f3 Low levels of toxic metals have been found to inhibit

dihydroteridine reductase, which affects the neural system

function by inhibiting brain transmitters through its effect on phenylalanine,

tyrosine and tryptophan transport into

neurons(122,257,289,372). This was found to cause severe impaired amine

synthesis and hypokinesis.

Tetrahydro-biopterin, which is essential in production of nerurotransmitters,

is significantly decreased in patients

with Alzheimer\'92s\'92s, Parkinson\'92s, and MS. Such patients have abnormal

inhibition of neurotransmitter

production.(supplements which inhibit breach of the blood brain barrier such as

bioflavonoids have been found to

slow such neurological damage).\par

}{\plain \f3 Clinical tests of patients with MND,ALS, Parkinson\'92s,

Alzheimer\'92s, Lupus(SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis have

found that the patients generally have elevated plasma cysteine to sulphate

ratios, with the average being

500%higher than controls(330,331,56), and in general being poor sulphur

oxidizers. Mercury has been shown to

diminish and block sulphur oxidation and thus reducing glutathione levels which

is the part of this process

involved in detoxifying and excretion of toxics like mercury(33). Glutathion is

produced through the sulphur

oxidation side of this process. Low levels of available glutathione have been

shown to increase mercury retention

and increase toxic effects(111), while high levels of free cysteine have been

demonstrated to make toxicity due to

inorganic mercury more severe(333,194,56). Mercury has also been found to play

a part in\par

}{\plain \f3 neuronal problems through blockage of the P-450 enzymatic

process(84).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 18. Mercury at extremely low levels also interferes with formation

of tubulin producing neurofibrillary tangles in

the brain similar to those observed in Alzheimers patients, with high levels of

mercury in the brain (207), and low

levels of zinc(363,43). Mercury and the induced neurofibrillary tangles also

appear to produce a functional zinc

deficiency in the of AD sufferers(242),as well as causing reduced lithium

levels which is another factor in such

diseases. Lithium protects brain cells against excess glutamate induced

excitability and calcium influx(280,56).

Also mercury binds with cell membranes interfering with sodium and potassium

enzyme functions, causing excess

membrane permeability, especially in terms of the blood-brain barrier

(155,207,311). Less than 1ppm mercury in

the blood stream can impair the blood- brain barrier. Mercury was also found

to accumulate in the mitochondria

and interfere with their vital functions, and to inhibit cytochrome C enzymes

which affect energy supply to the

brain(43). Persons with the Apo-E4 gene form of apolipoprotein E which

transports cholesterol in the blood, are

especially susceptible to this damage(207,221,346), while those with Apo-E2

which has extra cysteine and is a

better mercury scavanger have less damage. The majority have an intermediate

form Apo-E3. This appears to be

a factor in susceptablity to Alzheimer\'92s disease, Parkinson\'92s disease and

multiple schlerosis. Ones susceptability

can be estimated by testing for this condition. In many cases (many

thousand documented)removal of

amalgam fillings and treatment for metal toxicity led to \'93cure\'92 or

significant improvement in health(see Section

V). There is some evidence that some forms of leukemia are abnormal response

to antigenic stimulation by

mercury or other such toxics and removal of amalgam has led to remission in some

cases(35,38,180,239).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 19. Mercury and methyl mercury impair or inhibit all cell

functions and deplete calcium stores(96). This can be a

major factor in bone loss of calcium(osteoperosis).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 VI. Results of Removal of Amalgam Fillings\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 1. For the week following amalgam removal, body mercury levels

increase significantly, depending on protective

measures taken, but within 2 weeks levels fall significantly.(82,89) Chronic

conditions can worsen temporarily,

but usually improve if adequate precautions are taken to reduce exposure during

removal.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 2. Removal of amalgam fillings resulted in a significant reduction

in body burden and body waste product load of

mercury(75,82,88,89,93,95,115). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 3. Total reduction in mercury levels in blood and urine is often

over 80% within a few

months(79,82,89,93,115,57). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 4. There are extensive documented cases (many thousands) where

removal of amalgam fillings led to cure or

significant improvement of serious health problems such as periodontal

diseases(40,46,57,60,75,78,82,86,87,90,

94,95,100,101,115,133,168,212,222,233,271,313,317,320,321,322,376), oral

keratosis(pre cancer)(87,251),

immune system/autoimmune problems

(8,222,270,271,313,323,368,91,212,229,291,35,etc.),

allergies(8,26,40,46,94, 95,97,165,212,222,228,229,233,271,317,322,349,376),

asthma(8,75,97,222,228,271,322),

chronic headaches/ migraines(5,34,95,212

222,229,233,271,317,322,349,354,115,376), multiple chemical

sensitivities (26,95,222,229,232,233, 35,115,313,320,368), epilepsy (5,309,229),

blood conditions(

212,222,232,233,271, 35,95), eczema (60,212,222, 271,313,317,323,94,376,341),

chron\'92s disease(222,229),

stomach problems (95,212,222,228,229,233,271,317, 320, 322,35),

lupus(12,113,222, 229,233),

dizzyness/vertigo(40,95,212,222,271,322,376), arthritis(95,103,212,

222,271,313,322,358),

MS(94,95,102,170,212,222,271,291,302,34,35,229), ALS(97,229,423,405,35),

Parkinson\'92s/ muscle

tremor(222,248,229,271,212,94,98,35), Alzheimer\'92s(204), muscular/joint

pain/fibromyalgia

(222,293,317,322,369, 94), infertility(9,38,229,367), depression

(94,107,222,271,294,212,229,233,285e,317,320,322,376), schizohprenia

(294,34,35),

insomnia(94,212,222,271,317,322,376), anger(212,233, 320,102), anxiety & mental

confusion

(94,212,222,229,233,271,317,320,322,57), susceptability to infections

(40,222,251,317,349, 350), antibiotic

resistant infection(251), endometriosis(229,38), Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

(8,60,212,293,229,222,

232,233,271,313,317,320, 368,369,376), tachycardia and heart problems

(205,59,94,115,212,222,232,233,

271,306,310,212), memory disorders(94,222),cancer/ leukemia( 35,38,94,180),

neuropathy/paresthesia

(94,212,222,322), vision disturbances(212,271,322), alopecia/hair loss

(40,187,271,317,322,349),sinus problems

(40,94,222,271,322), tinnitus(94,222,271,349,376), inflamation of

eye(222,271,322), psoriasis(385,375,408), skin

conditions(212,222), urinary/prostrate problems(212,222), etc., or in

significant improvement in symptoms

(35,38,40,57,78,86-91,93-103,115,148, 165,168,170,180,182,185,199,204,

212,222,229,233, 234, 235,246,

271,282,289,312,317,320,321,322,323,376). The above over 20,000 cases of cure

or significant improvements

were not isolated cases of cures; the clinical studies indicated a large

majority of most such type cases treated

showed significant improvement. Details available and case histories. Some of

the above cases used chemical or

natural chelation to reduce accumulated mercury body burden in addtion to

amalgam replacement. Some clinics

using DMPS for chelation reported over 80% with chronic health problems were

cured or significantly

improved(222,271, 359). Other clinics reported similar success.\par

}{\plain \f3 Clinical studies have found that patch testing is not a good

predictor of success of amalgam remvoal, as a high

percentage of those testing negative also recovered from chronic conditions

after rplacement of

fillings(86,87,168,etc.).\par

}{\plain \f3 In a large German study of MS patients after amalgam revision,

extraction resulted in 85% recovery rate versis

only 16% for filling replacement alone (222,302). Other cases have found that

recovery from serious autoimmune

diseases, dementia, or cancer may require more agressive mercury removal

techniques than simple filling

replacement due to body burden. This appears to be due to migration of mercury

into roots & gums that is not

eliminated by simple filling replacement. That such mercury(and simiarly

bacteria) in the teeth and gums have

direct routes to the brain and CNS has been documented by several medical

studies(34,325,etc.).\par

}{\plain \f3 Among those with chronic immune system problems with related

immune antibodies, the types showing the

highest level of antibody reductions after amalgam removal include glomerular

basal membrane, thyreeoglobulin,

and microsomal thyroid antigens(91) \par

}{\plain \f3 Swedish researchers have developed a sophisticated test for

immune/autoimmune reactions that has proved

sucessful in diagnosing and treating environmetally caused diseases such as

lichen planus, MS, etc. related to

mercury and other immunotoxics(60,313).\par

}{\plain \f3 Interviews of a large population of Swedish patients that had

amalgams removed due to health problems found

that virtually all reported significant health improvements and that the health

improvements were permanent(233).

(study period 17 years) A compilation of an even larger population found similar

results(212,282). For example

89% of those reporting allergies had significant improvements or total

elimination; extrapolated to U.S. population

this would represent over 17 million people who would benefit regarding

allergies alone.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 VII. Health Effects from Dental Personnel Exposure to Mercury

Vapor\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 1. It is well documented that dentists and dental personnel who

work with amalgam are chronically exposed to

mercury vapor, which accumulates in their bodies to much higher levels than for

most non-occupationally

exposed. Adverse health effects of this exposure including subtle neurological

effects have also been well

documented that affect most dentists and dental assistants, with measurable

effects among those in the lowest

levels of exposure. Mercury levels of dental personnel average at least 2

times that of controls for hair(397-401),

urine(57,64,69,99,123,124,138,171,173,222,249,290,362,397-399) and for blood

(124,195,253,249,397).

Sweden, which has banned use of mercury in fillings, is the country with the

most exposure and health effects

studies regarding amalgam, and urine levels in dental professionals from

Swedish and European studies ranged

from 0.8 to 30.1 ug/L with study averages from 3.7 to 6.2 ug/L

(124,172,253,64,68). The Swedish safety

guideline for mercury in urine is 5.6 nmol Hg/mmol(11.6 ug/L). Study averages

for other countries ranged from

3.3 to 36 microgram/liter(ug/L)(69,70,171,290,397). A large survey of dentists

at the Norwegian Dental Assoc.

meeting(171) found that the mean mercury level in 1986 was 7.8 ug/L with approx.

16% above 13.6ug/L, and for

1987 found an average of 8.6 ug/L with approx. 15% above 15.8 ug/L, with women

having higher levels than men

in general. A U.S. national sample of dentists provided by the American Dental

Association had an average of 5.2

ug/L (70,290). In that large sample of dentists, 10% of dentists had urine

mercury levels over 10.4 ug/L and 1%

had levels over 33.4ug/L(290), indicating daily exposure levels of over 100

ug/day. Mercury excretion levels

were found to have a positive correlation with the number of amalgams placed or

replaced per week, the number

of amalgams polished each week, and with the number of fillings in the

dentist(171,172,173). In one study, each

filling was found to increase mercury in the urine approx. 3%, though the

relationship was nonlinear and increased

more with larger number of fillings(124). Much higher accumulated body burden

levels in dental personnel were

found based on challenge tests than for controls(303), with excretion levels

after a dose of a chelator as high as 10

times the corresponding levels for controls(57,69,290,303). Autopsy studies

have found similar high body

accumulation in dental workers, with levels in pituitary gland and thyroid over

10 times controls and levels in

renal cortex 7 times controls(99,363,38). Autopsies of former dental staff

found levels of mercury in the pituitary

gland averaged as high as 4,040 ppb. They also found much higher levels in the

brain occipital cortex(as high as

300 ppb), renal cortex(as high as 2110 ppb) and thyroid(as high as 28,000 ppb.

In general dental assistants and

women dental workers showed higher levels of mercury than male dentists

(171,172,173,253,303,362). \par

}{\plain \f3 Mercury levels in blood of dental professionals ranged from

0.6 to 57 ug/L, with study averages ranging from

1.34 to 9.8 ug/L (124,195,253,249). A review of several studies of mercury

level in hair or nails of dentists and

dental workers found median levels were 50 to 300% more than those of

controls(38, p287-288, & 10,16,178). A

group of dental students taking a course involving work with amalgam had their

urine tested before and after the

course was over. The average urine level increased by 500% during the

course(63). Allergy tests given to another

group of dental students found 44% of them were allergic to mercury(156).

Studies have found that the longer

time exposed, the more likely to be allergic. Another group of dental students

had similar results(362), }{\plain \f3 while

another group of dental student showed comprimized immune systems compared to

medical students. The total

lympocyte count, total T cell numbers(CD3), T helper/ inducer(CD4+CD8-), and T

suppressor/cytotoxic(CD4-CD8+) numbers were singinficantly elevated in the

dental students compared to the matched control group(407).}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 Urinary porphyrin profiles were found to be an excellent

biomarker of level of body mercury level and mercury

damage neurological effects, with coprorphyrin significantly higher in those

with higher mercury exposure and

urine levels(70,260). Coproporphyrin levels have a higher correlation with

symptoms and body mercury levels as

tested by challenge test(69,303), but care should be taken regarding challenge

tests as the high levels of mercury

released can cause serious health effects in some, especially those who still

have amalgam fillings or high

accumulations of mercury. Screening test that are less burdensome and less

expensive are now available as first

morning void urine samples have been found to be highly correlations to 24 hour

urine test for mercury level or

porphyrins(73). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 2. The average dental office exposure affects the body mercury

level at least as much as the workers on

fillings(57,64,69,123,138,171,173,303), with several studies finding levels

approximately the same as having 19

amalgam fillings(123,124,173). Many surveys have been made of office exposure

levels(1,6,7,10, etc.) The level

of mercury at breathing point in offices measured ranged form 0.7 to over 300

micrograms per cubic

meter(ug/M3) (120,172,253,249). The average levels in offices with reasonable

controls ranged from 1.5 to 3.6

ug/M3, but even in Sweden which has had more office environmental controls than

others spot levels of over 150

ug/M3 were found in 8 offices(172). Another study found spot readings as high as

200 ug/M3 in offices with few

controls that only used saliva extractor(120). OSHA surveys find 6-16% of U.S.

dental offices exceed the OSHA

dental office standard of 50 ug/M3. The U.S. ATSDR mercury vapor exposure MRL

for chronic exposure is

much lower, 0.2 ug/M3 (217) (giving approx. 4 ug/day exposure), similar to U.S.

EPA and Health Canada

guidelines(2,209). Thus most office mercury levels were found to far exceed the

U.S. guidelines for chronic

mercury exposure. \par

}{\plain \f3 Use of high speed drill in removal or replacement has been found

to create high volume of mercury vapor and

respirable particles, and dental masks to only filter out about 40 % of such

particles(219,247). This produces high

levels of exposure to patient and dental staff. Use of water spray, high

velocity evacuation and rubber dam reduce

exposure to patient and dental staff significantly, as seen in previous

discussion. In addition to these measures

researchers also advise all dental staff should wear face masks and patients be

supplied with outside air(120,153).

Some studies note that carpeting in dental offices should be avoided as it is a

major repository of mercury(188,7)\par

}{\plain \f3 Use of such measures along with a Clean-Up}{\plain \super\f3 TM

}{\plain \f3 aspirator tip was found to reduce exposure to patient and staff

approximately 90%(397).}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 3.\tab Dentists were found to score significantly worse than a

comparable control group on neurobehavioral tests of

motor speed, visual scanning,and visuomotor coordination(69,70,123,249,290,395),

concentration , verbal

memory, visual memory(68,69,70,249,290,395), and emotional/mood

tests(70,249,290,395). Test performance

was found to be proportional to exposure/body levels of

mercury(68,70,249,290,395). Significant adverse

neurobehavioral effects were found even for dental personnel receiving low

exposure levels(less than 4 ug/l Hg in

urine)(290). This study was for dental personnel having mercury excretion levels

below the 10th percentile of the

overall dental population. Such levels are also common among the general

population of non- dental personnel

with several fillings. This study used a new methodology which used standard

urine mercury levels as a measure

of recent exposure, and urine levels after chelation with a chemical, DMPS, to

measure body burden mercury

levels. Chelators like DMPS have been found after a fast to release mercury

from cells in tissue to be available

for excretion. This method was found to give enhanced precision and power to

the results of the tests and

correlations. Even at the low levels of exposure of the subjects of this study,

there were clear demonstrated

differences in test scores involving memory, mood, and motor skills related to

the level of exposure pre and post

chelation(290). Those with higher levels of mercury had deficits in both

memory, mood, and motor function

compared to those with lower exposure levels. And the plotted test results gave

no indication of there existing a

theshhold below effects were not measurable. Mood scores including anger were

found to correlate more strongly

with pre chelation urine mercury levels; while toxicity symptoms, concentration,

memory(vocabulary,word), and

motor function correlated more strongly with post-chelation mercury levels.

\par

}{\plain \f3 Several dentists have been documented to suffer from mercury

poisoning(72,74,193,246,247,248,369), other

than the documented neurological effects. One of the common effects of chronic

mercury exposure is chronic

fatigue due to immune system overload and activation. Many studies have found

this occurs frequently in dentists

and dental staff along with other related symtoms- lack of ability to

concentrate, chronic muscular pain, burnout,

etc.(249,369.377.378). In a group of dentists and dental workers suffering from

extreme fatigue and tested by the

immune test MELISA, 50% had autoimmune reaction to inorganic mercury and immune

reactions to other metals

used in dentistry were also common(369). Tests of controls did not find such

immune reactions common.\par

}{\plain \f3 One dentist with severe symptoms similar to ALS improved after

treatment for mercury poisoning(246), and

another with Parkinson\'92s disease recovered after reduction of exposure and

chelation(248). Similar cases among

those with other occupational exposure have been seen. A survey of over 60,000

U.S. dentists and dental

assistants with chronic exposure to mercury vapor and anesthetics found

increased health problems compared to

controls, including significantly higher liver, kidney, and neurological

diseases(99,193). Other studies reviewed

found increased rates of brain cancer and allergies(99,193). Swedish male

dentists were found to have an elevated

standardized mortality ratio compared to other male academic groups(284). Dental

workers and other workers

exposed to mercury vapor were found to have a shortening of visual evoked

potential latency and a decrease in

amplitude, with magnitudes correlated with urine excretion levels(190).

Dentists were also found to have a high

incidence of radicular muscular neuralgia and peripheral sensory

degradation(190,395).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 4. Both dental hygienists and patients get high doses of mercury

vapor when dental hygienists polish or use

ultrasonic scalers on amalgam surfaces(240,400). Pregnant women or pregnant

hygienist especially should avoid

these practices during pregnancy or while nursing since maternal mercury

exposure has been shown to affect the

fetus and to be related to birth defects, SIDS,

etc.(23,37,38,110,142,146,19,31}{\plain \f3 ). Amalgam has been shown to be

the main source of mercury in most infants and breast milk, which often contain

higher mercury levels than in the

mother\'92s blood (20,61,112,186,287}{\plain \f3 ). Because of high documented

exposure levels when amalgam fillings are

brushed(182,222,348) dental hygienist are advised not to polish dental amalgams

when cleaning teeth. Face

masks worn by dental workers filter out only about 40% of small dislodged

amalgam particles from drilling or

polishing, and very little mercury vapor(247,). Dental staff have been found to

have significantly higher

prevalence of eye problems, conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, and contact

urticaria(247,156,74). \par

}{\plain \f3 An epidemiological survey conducted in Lithuania on women

working in dental offices(where Hg

concentrations were < 80 ug/M3) had increased incidence of spontaneous abortions

and breast pathologies that

were directly related to the length of time on the job(277a). A large U.S.

survey also found higher spontaneous

abortion rate among dental assistants and wives of dentists(193), and another

study found an increased risk of

spontaneous abortions and other pregnancy complications among women working in

dental surguries(277b). A

study of dentist and dental assistants in the Netherlands found 50% higher rates

of spontaneous abortions,

stillbirths, and congenital defects than for the control group(394), with

unusually high occurance of spina bifida.\par

}{\plain \f3 A study in Poland also found a significant positive association

between mercury levels and occurrence of

reproductive failures(401).}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 5. Body burden increases with time and older dentists have median

mercury urine levels about 4 times those of

controls, as well as higher brain and body burdens(1,34, 68-74,99), and poor

performance on memory tests(68,

69,70,249,290) Some older dentists have mercury levels in some parts of the

brain as much as 80 times higher

than normal levels(14,34,99). Dentists and dental personnel experience

significantly higher levels of neurological,

memory, musculoskeletal, visiomotor, mood, and behavioral problems, which

increase with years of exposure

(1,34,68-73,88,123,188,246,247,248,249,290,369,395). Even dental personnel with

relatively low exposure(urine

Hg<4 ug/l) were found to have significant neurological effects(290) and was

found to be correlated with body

burden of mercury. Most studies find dentists have increased levels of

irritability and tension(1), high rates of

drug dependancy and disability due to psychological problems(15), and higher

suicide rates than the general white

population (284), but one study found rates in same range as doctors. \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 6. Female dental technicians who work with amalgam tend to have

increased menstrual disturbances

(275,401,10,38), significantly reduced fertility and lowered probability of

conception (10,24,38,121), increased

spontaneous abortions (10,38,277,433), and their children have significantly

lower average IQ compared to the

general population (1,279,38,110). Populations with only slightly increased

levels of mercury in hair had

decreases in academic ability(3). Effects are directly related to length of

time on the job(277). The level of

mercury excreted in urine is significantly higher for female dental assistants

than dentists due to biological factors

(171,172, 173,247). Several dental assistants have been diagnosed with

mercury toxicity and some have died of

related health effects(32,245,246,247,248). F}{\plain \f3 rom the medical

register of births since 1967 in Norway, it can be

seen that dental nurse/assistants have a clearly increased risk of having a

deformed child or spontaneous

abortion(433). }{\plain \f3 Female dentists have increased rates of

spontaneous abortion and perinatal

mortality(193,38,10,433)),compared to controls. A study in Poland found a much

higher incidence of birth defects

among female dentist and dental assistants than normal(10). A chronically ill

dental nurse diagnosed with

mercury sensitivity recovered after replacement of fillings and changing

jobs(60), and a female dentist recovered

from Parkinson\'92s after mercury detox(248). Some studies have found

increased risk of lung, kidney, brain, and

CNS system cancers among dental workers(14,34,99,143,283).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 7. Many homes of dentists have been found to have high levels of

mercury contamination used by dentists

bringing mercury home on shoes and clothes(188).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 VIII. Scientists and Government Panels or Bodies That Have Found

Amalgam Fillings to be Unsafe.\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 1. A World Health Organization Scientific Panel concluded that

there is no safe level of mercury

exposure(183,189,208). The Chairman of the panel, Lars Friberg stated that

\'93dental amalgam is not safe for

everyone to use(208,238). A study of dental personnel having very low levels of

mercury excretion found

measurable neurological effects including memory, mood, and motor function

related to mercury exposure level as

measured by excretion levels(290). and found no threshhold level below which

effects were not measurable..

Other studies have found measurable effects to the immune, cardiovascular,

hormonal, and reproductive systems

from common levels of exposure(Section IV). Studies have found significant

measurable adverse health effects

at levels far below current government regulatory levels for mercury(290).\par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 2. In 1987 the Federal Dept. of Health in Germany issued an

advisory warning against use of dental amalgam in

pregnant women(61). Most major countries other than the U.S. have similar or

more extensive bans or health

warnings regarding the use of amalgam, including Canada, Great Britain, France,

Austria, Norway, Sweden,

Japan, Australia, New Zealand, etc. A Swedish National Mercury Amalgam Review

Panel found that " from a

toxicological point of view, mercury is too toxic to use as a filling

material " (164). A major amalgam

manufacturer, Caulk Inc., advises that amalgam should not be used as a base for

crowns or for retrograde root

fillings as is commonly done in some coutries(387). A Swedish medical panel

unanimously recommended to the

government \'93discontinuing the use of amalgam as a dental material\'94(282).

The U.S. EPA found that removed

amalgam fillings are hazardous and must be sealed airtight and exposed of as

hazardous waste(214). Most

European countries require controls on dental waste amalgam emissions to sewers

or air. A Canadian Government

study for Health Canada concluded that any person with any number of amalgam

fillings receives exposure

beyond that recommended by the USPHS Standard(209). Many of those researching

amalgam related health

effects including several very prominent scientists have concluded that the

health effects are widespread and

serious so that mercury should not be used as a filling material (1,18,19,20,

36,38,57,60,61,88,94,99,125,148,

153,164,170,183,208, 209,210,212,222, 227,236, 238,282). \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3 3. The use of mercury amalgams has been banned for children and

women of child-bearing age or put on a

schedule for phase out by several European countries. The use of amalgam is

declining in Europe and Germany\'92s

largest producer of amalgam has ceased production, The director of the U.S.

Federal program overseeing dental

safety advises against using mercury amalgam for new fillings. \par

}{\plain \f3 \par

}{\plain \f3

REFERENCES\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3 }{\plain \f3\fs20 (1) Denton S(MD); & J; Proceedings of the

First International Conference on Biocompatability, Life

Sciences

Press, Oct 1990, p133-145.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (2)U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA), 1999, " Integrated

Risk Information System, National Center for Environmental

Assessment, Cincinnati, Ohio, http://www.epa.gov/ncea/iris.htm}{\plain \f3\fs20

.. \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (3) Marlowe M et al, \'93Main and interative effects of

metallic toxins on classroom behavior\'94, J Abnormal Child Psychol, 1985,

13(2):185-98; & Moon C et al, \'93Main and Interactive Effect of Metallic

Pollutants on Cognitive Functioning\'94, Journal of Learning

Disabilities, April, 1985; & Pihl RO et al, \'93Hair element content in

Learning Disabled Children\'94, Science, Vol 198, 1977, 204-6;

& Gowdy JM et al, \'93Whole blood mercury in mental hospital patients\'94, Am J

Psychiatry, 1978, 135(1):115-7.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (4) Lee IP,\'94Effects of Mercury on Spermatogenisis\'94, J

Pharmacol Exp Thera 1975, 194(1);171- 181; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain

\f3\fs20 H. Ogura et al, \'93A

comparison of chromosome aberrations and micronucleus techniques for the

assessment of the genotoxicity of mercury

compounds in human blood lymphocytes. Mutat Res 1996 Jun;340(2\_3):175\_82. \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx432\

0\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (5) D.Klinghardt(MD), \'93Migraines, Seizures, and Mercury

Toxicity\'94, Future Medicine Publishing, 1997.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (6) T.M.Schulein et al,\'94Survey of Des Moines area dental

offices for Mercury vapour\'94,Iowa Dent. J. 70(1):35\_36 1984; & D.W.

et al, \'93Survey of Mercury vapour in dental offices in Atlantic

Canada\'94,Can. Dent. Assoc. J. 4906:378\_395, 1983; & R.W.

et al,\'94Report on Independant survey taken of Austin dental offices for

mercury contamination\'94, Texas Dent. J. 100(1):

6\_9, 1983; & A.Skuba, \'93Survey for Mercury vapour in Manitoba dental

offices\'94, J Can. Dent. Assoc. 50(7):517\_522, 1984; &

R.H. Roydhouse et al,\'94Mercury in dental offices\'94 J Can Dent Assoc.,

51(2):156\_158, 1985; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 RT McNerney et al, " Mercury

Contamination in the Dental Office: A Review " , NYS Dental Journal, Nov 1979,

p457-458.}{\plain \f3\fs20 .\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (7) L.Kantor et al,\'93Mercury vapour in the dental

office\_does carpeting make adifference?\'94, JADA 103(9):402\_407,1981; &

G.F.Chop et al, \'93Mercury vapour related to manipulation of amalgam and

to floor surfaces\'94 .Oper. Dent. 8(1):23\_27,1983; &

G.C.Battistone et al, \'93Mercury as Occupational Hazard in Dentistry\'94,

Clinical Hemistry and Chemical Toxicity of Metals,

1977,219:205-8.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (8) Redhe,O. }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Sick From Amalgam}{\plain

\f3\fs20 R-Dental Ab, Frejavagen 33, S-79133 Falun, Sweden(100 cases).Olle

Redhe }{\plain \f3\fs20 ; }{\plain \f3\fs20

[olle.redhe@...]}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (9) Dr.I.Gerhard, Dr. E.Roller,et al, Tubingen Univ.

Gynecological Clinic, Heidelberg,1996; & \'93Heavy Metals and

Fertility\'94, J of

Toxicology and Environmental Health,Part A, 54(8):593-611, 1998; &

\'93Impact of heavy metals on hormonal and

immunological factors in women with repeated miscarraiges\'94, & }{\plain

\f3\fs20 I. Gerhard, \'93Ganzheitiche Diagnostik un Therapie bie

Infertilitat\'94, Erfahrungsheilkunde,1993, 42(3): 100-106; & }{\plain \f3\fs20

\'93Unfruchtbarkeit bei Frauen durch Umweltgifte\'94 in Pravention,

Diagnose und Therapie von Umwelterkrankungen, JD Kruse-Jarres(Ed.), 1993,

p51-68.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (10) }{\plain \f3\fs20 Editorial, J California Dental Assoc.,

1984, 12:37.}{\plain \f3\fs20 ; & Proceedings of Intl Conference on Mercury

Hazards in Dental Practice,

Sept 2\_4,1981 , Glasgow Scot, Dept. Of Clinical Physics and

Bio-Engineering,(Gordon - Pregnancy in Female Dentists\_ a

Mercury Hazard) & (several survey studies comparing level of mercury in hair of

dental staff vs controls). \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (11) Lamm O et al, \'93Subclinical effects of exposure to

inorganic mercury revealed by somatosensory\_evoked potentials. Eur Neurol,

24:237-243; & (b)Altmann L, Sveinsson K, Visual evoked potentials in 6 year ol

chilren in relation to mercury and lead levels.

Neurotoxicol Teratol 1998; 20(1):9-17; & \'a9 Chang YC,Yeh CY, Wang JD,

\'93Subclinical neurotoxicity of mercury vapor revealed

by a multimodality potential study of chloralkali workers\'94, Immunol, 1999,

117(3):482-8.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx432\

0\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (12) Dimaval Scientific monograph, sixth Ed., Jan 1997, Dr

Johann Ruprecht, Heyl Corporation\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (13)S.Hussain et al, \'93Mercuric chloride\_induced reactive

oxygen species and its effect on antioxidant enzymes in different regions of

rat brain\'94,J Environ Sci Health B 1997 May;32(3):395\_409; & S.Tan et al,

\'93Oxidative stress induces programmed cell death in

nueronal cells\'94, J Neurochem, 1998, 71(1):95-105. & J.S. Bains et al,

\'93Neurodegenerative disorders in humans and role of

glutathione in oxidative stress mediated neuronal death\'94, Brain Res Rev, 199,

25(3):335-58; & P.Bulat, \'93Activity of Gpx and

SOD in workers occupationally exposed to mercury\'94, Arch Occup Environ Health,

1998, Sept, 71 Suppl:S37-9; & Stohs SJ,

Bagchi D. Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of metal ions. Free Radic Biol

Med 1995; 18(2): 321-36.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (14) Magnus Nylander, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 \'93Mercury

Concentrations in the human brain and kidneys}{\plain \f3\fs20 in relaiton to

exposure from dental amalgam

fillings\'94,Proceedings, ICBM 1988; & M.Nylander et al, " Mercury

concentrations in the human brain and kidneys and exposure

from amalgam fillings " , Swed Dent J 1987; 11:179-187, & Prosth Dent 1987,

58:704-707; & Schupp, Riedel et al,

\'93Amalgamfullungen auf die Quecksilberkonzentration in menschlichen\'94,

Organen.Dt.Zahnarztl.Z. 1992; 47:490-496. \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (15) Svare CW et.al, Univ. of Iowa, \'93The effects of dental

amalgam on Mercury levels in expired air\'94 J. Dent. Res. 1981;

60(9):1668\_1671.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx432\

0\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (16) K. Ott et. al. \'93Mercury burden due to amalgam

fillings\'94 Dtsch. Zahnarztl Z 39(9):199\_205, 1984; & \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (17) J.Abraham,C.Svare, et al. \'93The effects of dental

amalgam restorations on Blood Mercury levels\'94. J. Dent.Res. 1984;

63(1):71\_73.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (18) M.J.Vimy,F.L.Lorscheider,\'94Intra oral Mercury released

from dental amalgams and estimation of daily dose\'94 J. Dent Res.,

1985,64(8):1069\_1075; & Res, 1985,64(8):1072-5.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (19) Matts Hanson. }{\plain \f3\fs20 Dept of Zoophysiology,

University of Lund, Sweden. }{\plain \f3\fs20 \'93Amalgam hazards in your

teeth\'94, J. Orthomolecular

Psychiatry 1983; 2(3): 194-201; & F.L.Lorscheider et al, \'93Evaluation of

the safety issue of mercury release from amalgam

fillings\'94, 1993, FASEB J, 7:1432-33.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (20) M.J.Vimy,Takahashi,Y, Lorscheider,FL Maternal \_Fetal

Distribution of Mercury Released From Dental Amalgam Fillings. Dept

of Medicine and Medical Physiology , faculty of Medicine, Univ of Calgary,

Calgary Alberta Canada, 1990 &

Amer.J.Physiol.,1990, 258:R939-945; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 N.D. Boyd, J.Vimy,

et al,\'94 Mercury from dental " Silver tooth fillings impairs sheep

kidney function\'94, Am.J. Physiol. 261 (Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol.

30):R1010\_R1014, 1991.\_ & L.Hahn et al,

Distribution of mercury released from amalgam fillings into monkey tissues\'94,

FASEB J.,1990, 4:5536}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (21) R.A.Goyer,\'94Toxic effects of metals\'94in: }{\plain

\ul\f3\fs20 Cassarett and Doull\'92s}{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20

Toxicology- TheBasic Science of Poisons}{\plain \f3\fs20 , McGraw-Hill Inc.,

N.Y.,

1993.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (22) P.Kuhnert et al, \'93Comparison of Mercury levels in

maternal blood fetal cord blood and placental tissue\'94. Am. J. Obstet and

Gynecol.,139:209\_212., 1981\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (23) W.D.Kuntz \'93Maternal and chord blood mercury background

levels; Longitudinal surveilance\'94. Am J Obstet and Gynecol.

143(4): 440\_443., 1982\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (24) J.B. Brodsky, \'93Occupational exposure to Mercury in

dentistry and pregnancy outcome\'94, JADA111(11):779\_780., 1985\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (25) C.Malmstr\'f6m, M.Hansson,M. Nylander, Conference on Trace

Elements in Health and Disease. Stockholm May 25\_1992; }{\plain \f3\fs20 & C.

Malmstrom et al,. \'93Silver amalgam: an unstable material\'94, Swedish paper

translated in Bio-Probe Newsletter, Vol 9(1):5-6, Jan.

1993}{\plain \f3\fs20 & C.Malmstrom, \'93Amalgam derived mercury in

feces\'94, Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine, 5, (Abs 122),

1992; Nylander et al. Fourth international symposium Epidemiology in

Occupational Health. Como Italy Sept 1985}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (26) A.F.Zamm, \'93Removal of dental mercury: often an

effective treatment for very sensitive patients\'94, J Orthomolecular Med, 1990,

5(53):138-142. (22 patients)\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (27) Matts Hanson.\'94 Why is Mercury toxic?: Basic chemical

and biochemical properties of Mercury/amalgam in relation to biological

effects\'94. ICBM conference Colorado,Springs, Co,1988, Proceedings; & Hartman

DE. Missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses of

environmnetal toxicant exposure, MCS. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1998,

21(3):659-70. & Merritt\'92s Textbook of Neurology,

9th Ed., and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1995, p668-, & }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20

Clinical Management of Poisoning}{\plain \f3\fs20 , 3rd Ed.,(p753) Haddad,

,

and Winchester, W.B. Saunders and Company, Philadelphia, 1998; & U.S. EPA,

Office of Health and Environmental Assessment,

Mercury Health Effects, Update Health Issue Assessment, Final Report, 1984,

EOA-600/8-84f.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (28) F.Schmidt et al, \'93Mercury in urine of employees exposed

to magnetic fields\'94, Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 1997, 117(2): 199-202; &

Sheppard AR and EisenbudM., }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Biological Effects of}{\plain

\f3\fs20 electric and magnetic fields of extremely low frequency. New York

university press. 1977\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (29) Mareck and Hockman. \'93Simulated crevice corosion

experiment for ph and solution chemistry determinations\'94, Corrosion,

1974:23;1000\_1006. \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (30) T.Till et al, " Mercury Release from Amalgam Fillings and

Oral Dysbacteriosis as a Cause of Resorption Phenomena " Zahnarztl

Welt/Reform(ZWR), 1978:87;1130\_1134.}{\plain \f3\fs20 & S. Olsson et al,

\'93Release of elements due to electrochemical corrosion of dental

amalgam\'94 J of Dental Research, 1994, 73:33-43; & T.Fusayama et al, J Dental

Res, 1963, 42:1183-1197.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (31) Langan,Fan,Hoos. The use of Mercury in dentistry: a

critical review of the literature. JADA Vol 115 December 1987, 867

Donated by The ADA; & Health damage due to exposure to mercury vapour (Mercury)

Szkody zdrowotne wywolane

narazeniem na pary rteci (Mercury). Moszczynski\_P Jr; Moszczynski\_P

Czas\_Stomatol. 1989 Apr; 42(4): 233\_81989,POLISH;

& I Mandel, Assoc Dean for Research, School of Dental and Oral Surgury, Columbia

Univ., N.Y., JADA, Vol 122, Aug 1991.\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (32)\tab T.A.Cook et al, \'93Fatal mercury intoxication in a

dental surguery assistant\'94, British Dent Journal, 1969, 127:533-555. \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (33)\tab }{\plain \f3\fs20 S.C. Langley- et al, \'93SO2: a

potent glutathion depleting agent\'94, Comp Biochem Physiol Pharmocol Toxicol

Endocrinol, 114(2):89-98; & (b)P.E. Emory et al, \'93Increased Prevalence of

poor sulphuoxidation in patients with

Rheumatoid Arthritis\'94, Ann Rheum Dis, 1992, 51(3): 318-20; & © Markovich

et al, " Heavy metals (Hg,Cd) inhibit the

activity of the liver and kidney sulfate transporter Sat\_1 " , Toxicol Appl

Pharmacol, 1999,154(2):181\_7; &

(d)S.A.McFadden, \'93Xenobiotic metabolism and adverse environmental response:

sulfur-dependent detox

pathways\'94,Toxicology, 1996, 111(1-3):43-65;}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (34)\tab St\'f6rtebecker,Associate Professor of

Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm. }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Mercury

Poisoning from Dental

amalgam-A Hazard to the Human Brains}{\plain \f3\fs20 , }{\plain \f3\fs20 ISBN:

0-941011001-1 }{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain \f3\fs20 & }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Dental

Caries as a Cause of Nervous Disorders,}{\plain \f3\fs20

Bioprobe.Inc.,http://www.bioprobe.com; }{\plain \f3\fs20 & }{\plain

\ul\f3\fs20 Neurology for Barefoot Doctors,}{\plain \f3\fs20 Stortebecker

Foundation for Research, 1988: }{\plain \f3\fs20 &

J Canadian Dental Assoc, 33(6): 300-}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (35)\tab Hal Huggins, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Its All in Your

Head,}{\plain \f3\fs20 1997; & Proceedeings: ICBM conf. Colorado, 1988; &

Center for Progressive Medicine,

1999, http://www.hugnet.com\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (36)\tab Sam Queen; }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Chronic Mercury

Toxicity}{\plain \f3\fs20 - New Hope Against an Endemic Disease.

http://www.bioprobe.com; &

}{\plain \f3\fs20 F.L.Lorscheider et al, " Mercury exposure from silver tooth

fillings: emerging evidence questions a paradigm " , FASEB J

9:504-508,1995.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (37)\tab Mohamed et al. \'93Lazer Light Scatering Study of the

Toxic Effects of MethylMercury on sperm motility\'94. J

Androl.,7(1):11\_15.,1986; & A. Anttila et al, Finnish Inst. Of Occupational

Health, \'93Effects of paternal occupation exposure on

spontaneous abortion\'94, J of Occup & Environ Med, 1995, 37(8):915-21. \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (38)\tab S.Ziff and M.Ziff, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Infertility

and Birth Defects: Is Mercury from Dental Fillings a Hidden Cause?,}{\plain

\f3\fs20 Bio-Probe, Inc. ISBN: 0-941011-03-8.1987\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (39)\tab M.Inouye et al, Behavorial and neuropathological

effects of prenatal methyl mercury exposure in mice\'94. Neurobeahv.Toxicol

Teratol., 1985:7;227\_232; & P.Grandjean et al, \'93MeHg and neurotoxicity

in children\'94, Am J Epidemiol, 1999, 150(3):301-5:

& Z.u et al, s Hopkins Univ., School of Public Health, \'93Mechanisms

of neurotoxicity and their relationships to

behavioral changes\'94, Toxicology, 1988, 49(2): 219-25; & S.D.Vanay et al,

\'93CNS arylsulfatases inhibited by methyl mercury\'94,

Pharmacol Toxicol, 1991, 69(1):71-4.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx432\

0\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (40) F.Perger, Amalgamtherape, in }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20

Kompendiu der Regulationspathologie und Therapie}{\plain \f3\fs20 ,

Sonntag-Verlag, 1990; & \'93Belastungen \tab durch toxische Schwermetalle\'94,

1993, 87(2): 157-63; & K.H.Friese, \'94Homoopathische Behandlung der

Amalgamvergiftung\'94, \tab Allg. Homoopathische Z, 241(5); 184-187,

& Erfahrungsheikunde, 1996, (4): 251-253; &

\'93Amalgamvergiftung_moglicher\'94Der \tab Naturazt,1995,135(8):13-15; &

\'93Schnupfen-Was tun?\'94, Therapeutikon, 1994, 8(3): 62-68; & Homoopathische

Behandlung de \tab Amalgamvergiftung & \'93Polemik und Wirklichkeit\'94,

Allgemeine Homoopathische zeitschrift, 1994, 239(6): 225-233 ; & }{\plain

\f3\fs20 \tab \'93Amalgamtherapie fur Arzte und Zahnarzte\'94, Panta 3, 1992,

Haug-Verlag.; & Natura Med 1992, 7(4): 295-306; }{\plain \f3\fs20 &

M.Strassburg

\tab et al, \'93Generalized allergic reaction from silver amalgam fillings\'94,

Dtsche Zahnarztliche Zeit, 22:3-9, 1967.(total:over 1200 cases}{\plain \f3\fs20

)\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (41)\tab Khera et al., Teratogenic and genetic effects of

Mercury toxicity. The biochemistry of Mercury in the environment Nriagu,

J.O.Ed, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 503\_18,1979.\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (42)\tab Babich et al ., The mediation of mutagenicity and

clastogenicity of heavy metals by physiochemical factors. Environ Res.,

1985:37;253\_286; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 K.Hansen et al A survey of metal induced

mutagenicity in vitro and in vivo, J Amer Coll Toxicol ,

1984:3;381\_430}{\plain \f3\fs20 .\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (43)\tab }{\plain \f3\fs20 Knapp LT; Klann E.

Superoxide\_induced stimulation of protein kinase C via thiol modification and

modulation of zinc

content. J Biol Chem 2000 May 22; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 B.Rajanna et al,

\'93Modulation of protein kinase C by heavy metals\'94, Toxicol Lett,

1995, 81(2-3):197-203: & \tab A.Badou et al, \'93HgCl2-induced IL-4 gene

expression in T cells involves a protein kinase C-dependent calcium influx

through L-type calcium channels\'94, }{\plain \f3\fs20 & D.B.Veprintsev, 1996,

Institute for Biological

Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pb2+ and Hg2+ binding to

alpha\_lactalbumin\'94.Biochem Mol Biol Int 1996

Aug;39(6):1255\_65 }{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (44)\tab L.Verchaeve et al., Comparitive in vitro cytogenetic

studies in Mercury exposed human lymphocytes, Mutation Res., 1985:157;

221\_226; & G.A.Caron et al, \'93Lymphocyte transformation induced ...\'94, Int

Arch Allergy, 37:76-87,1970. \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (45)\tab L.Pelletier et al.,\'94In \_vivo self reactivity of

mononuclear cells to T cells and macrophages exposed to Hg Cl2 " Eur. J

Immun.,1985:460\_465; & Pelletier et al, \'93Autoreactive T cells in mercury

induced autoimmune disease\'94, J Immunol,1986

137(8):2548-54 & Scand J of Immunology, 1990,31:65-74 & M. Kubicka et al,

\'93Autoimmune disease induced by mercuric

choride\'94, Int Arch Allergy Immunol, Jan 1996, 109(1):11-20 .}{\plain

\f1\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (46)\tab Veron et al, \'93Amalgam Dentaires et Allergies\'94, J

Biol Buccale., 1986 : 14; 83\_100 (41 cases); & }{\plain

\f3\fs20 D.E.

Swartzendruber, Med Hyptheses, 1993, v41,n1, p31-34.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (47)\tab A. Buchner et al, \'93Amalgam tattoo of the oral

mucosa: a clinicopatholigic study of 268 cases\'94, Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol,

1980, 49(2):139-47; & M. Forsell et al, Mercury content in amalgam tattoos of

human oral mucosa and its relation to local tissue

reactions. Euro J Oral Sci 1998; 106(1):582-7; & J.D. on et al, Amalgam

tattoos: light and microscopy and electron-probe micro-analysis;}{\plain

\f3\fs20 & T. Kanzaki et al, Electron microscopic X-ray microanalysis of

metals deposited in oral mucosa. J

Dermatol 1992; 19(8):487-92; & K. Nilner et al, In vitro testing of dental

materials by means of macrophage cultures. J

Biomed Mater Res 1986;20(8):1125-38.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (48)\tab K.Arvidson,\'94Corrosion studies of dental gold alloy

in contact with amalgam\'94, Swed. Dent. J 68: 135-139,1984; & Skinner,

EW, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 The Science of Dental Materials}{\plain \f3\fs20 , 4th

Ed.revised, W.B.Saunders Co., Philadelphia, p284-285,1957. \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (49)\tab A.Kingman et al, National Institute of Dental

Research, \'93Mercury concentrations in urine and blood associated with amalgam

exposure in the U.S. military population\'94, Dent Res, 1998, 77(3):461-71.\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (50)\tab J.Kawada et al, \'93Effects of inorganic and methyl

mercury on thyroidal function\'94, J Pharmacobiodyn, 1980, 3(3):149-59; &

Ghosh N. Thyrotoicity of cadmium and mercury. Biomed Environ Sci 1992, 5(3):

236-40.\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (51)\tab }{\plain \f3\fs20 Heintze}{\plain \f1\fs20 }{\plain

\f3\fs20 et al,}{\plain \f3\fs20 \'93Methylation of Mercury from dental amalgam

and mercuric chloride by oral Streptococci\'94.,Scan. J. Dent.

Res. 1983, 91:150\_152: & }{\plain \f3\fs20 Rowland, Grasso, Davies}{\plain

\f1\fs20 \'93}{\plain \f3\fs20 The Methylation of Mercuric Chloride by Human

Intestinal Bacteria\'94.

Experientia. Basel 1975 ,31: 1064\_1065; & M.K.Hamdy et al, \'93Formation of

methyl mercury by bacteria\'94, App Microbiol,

1975, Sept.; & W.Forth, \'93Toxikologie von Quecksilberverbindungen\'94, in

}{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Quecksilber in der Umwelt-Hearing zur

Amalgamprolematik,}{\plain \f3\fs20 Niedersachsisches Umweltministerium,

1991.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (52)\tab \'93Bacterial Growth on Dental Restorative Materials

in Mucosal Contact\'94. Orstavic, Arneberg, Valderhaug Acta

Odontol. Scand.1981, 39:267\_274\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (53)\tab C. Thornsberry, MRL Services, lin, Tenn,

Proceedings of Infectuous Diseases Soc. Of America, San Francisco, Ca., &

USA Today, April, 1997; & Science News,Vol 155, June 5, 1999, p356.\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (54)\tab M.E. Lund et al, \'93Treatment of acute MeHg poisoning

by NAC\'94, J Toxicol Clin Toxicol, 1984, 22(1):31-49; & G.Ferrari et al,

Dept. Of Pathology, Columbia Univ., J Neurosci,1995, 15(4):2857-66; & RR. Ratan

et al, Dept. of Neurology, s Hopkins

Univ., J Neurosci, 1994, 14(7): 4385-92; Z.Gregus et al, \'93Effect of lipoic

acid on biliary excretion of glutathione and metals\'94,

Toxicol APPl Pharmacol, 1992, 114(1):88-96; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 & J.F. Balch et

al, Prescription for Nutritional Healing\'94, 2nd Ed., 1997.}{\plain \f3\fs20

\par

}\pard

\fi-9360\li9360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx28\

80\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (55) M.D.Dickman et al, \'93Hong Kong subfertility links to

mercury in human hair and fish\'94, Sci Total Environ, \tab

1998,214:165-74.\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (56)\tab }{\plain \f3\fs20 X.M.Shen et al, Neurolbehavioral

effects of NAC conjugates of dopamine: possible relevance for

Parkinson\'92sDisease\'94, Chem

Res Toxicol, 1996, 9(7):1117-26; & Chem Res Toxicol, 1998, 11(7):824-37; &

A. et al, \'93Direct evidence for glutathione

as mediator of apoptsosis in neuronal cells\'94, Biomed Pharmacother, 1998;

52(9):349-55;}{\plain \f3\fs20 & J.P.Spencer et al, \'93Cysteine & GSH

in PD\'94, mechinsms involving ROS\'94, J Neurochem, 1998, 71(5):2112-22: &

P.Jenner,\'93Oxidative mechanisms in PD\'94, Mov

Disord, 1998; 13(Supp1):24-34; & D. Offen et al, \'93Use of thiols in treatment

of PD\'94, Exp Neurol, 1996,141(1):32-9; &

A.D.Owen et al, Ann NY Acad Sci, 1996, 786:217-33; & JJ Heales et al, Neurochem

Res, 1996, 21(1):35-39. \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (57)\tab N. & M.Godfrey,\'93Confirmation of Mercury

Retention and Toxicity using DMPS provocation\'94 ,J of

Advancement in Medicine, 7(1) 1994;(80 cases); & \par

}\pard

\li720\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\

\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (b)D.Zander et al, \'93Mercury mobilization by DMPS in

subjects with and without amalgams\'94, Zentralbl Hyg Umweltmed,

1992, 192(5): 447-54(12 cases); \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (58)\tab H.Freden et al, \'93Mercury in gingival tissues

adjacent to amalgam fillings\'94, Odontal Revy, 1974, 25(2): 207-210; & H

Reden,Odontal Revy, 25,1971,207-210.\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (59)\tab A. Frustaci et al, \'93Marked elevation of mycardial

trace elements in Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy\'94, J of American

College of Cardiology, 1999, 33(6):1578-83; & Husten L. \'93Trace elements

linked to cardiomyopathy\'94, Lancet 1999;

353(9164): 1594; }{\plain \f3\fs20 & D.V. Vassalo, 1999,Effects of mercury on

the isolated heart muscle are prevented by DTT and

cysteine\'94, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1999 Apr 15;156(2):113\_8; & N.G. Ilblack

et al, \'93New aspects of murine coxsackie B3

mycocarditis: focus on heavy metals\'94, European Heart J, 1995, 16: supp O:

20-4.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (60)\tab V.D.M.Stejskal, Dept. Of Clinical Chemistry,

Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden LYMPHOCYTE

IMMUNO\_STIMULATION ASSAY \_MELISA\'94 & VDM Stejskal et al, " MELISA: tool for

the study of metal allergy " ,

Toxicology in Vitro, 8(5):991-1000, 1994.}{\plain \f1\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (61)\tab E.Lutz et al, \'93Concentrations of mercury in brain

and kidney of fetuses and infants\'94, Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and

Biology, 1996,10:61-67; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 G.Drasch et al, \'93Mercury Burden

of Human Fetal and Infant Tissues\'94, Eur J Pediatr 153:607-610,1994;}{\plain

\f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx432\

0\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (62) W. Kostler., President of the Austrian Oncology Society.

Paper presented at the World Congress on Cancer. April 1994 Sydney \tab

Australia. \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (63)\tab K.Peiper et al, \'93Study of mercury uptake in dental

students\'94,Dtsch Zahnarzt Z 1989, 44(9):714-\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (64)\tab Steinberg D, Grauer F, Niv Y, Perlyte M, Kopolivic K,

Dept. Of Oral Biology, Hebrew Univ. Mercury among dental personnel

in Israel. Med Sci,1995, 31(7):428-32.\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (65)\tab Y.K.Fung et al,\'93In vivo mercury and methyl mercury

levels in patients at different intervals after amalgam

restorations\'94.Carlson\_MP College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska

Medical Center, Lincoln. Northwest\_Dent. 1991

May\_Jun; 70(3) 23\_6\par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (66)\tab \'93Regional brain trace\_element studies in

Alzheimer's disease\'94. C.M & W.R. Markesbery, et al, Univ. Of Kentucky

Dept. Of Chemistry, Neurotoxicology (1988 Spring) 9(1):1\_7 & Hock et al,

\'93Increased blood mercury levels in Alzheimer\'92s

patients\'94, Neural. Transm. 1998, 105:59-68 & Cornett et al, \'93Imbalances

of trace elements related to oxidative damage in

Alzheimer\'92s diseased brain\'94, Neurotoxicolgy,1998, 19:339-345. \par

}\pard

\fi-540\li540\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx540\tx720\tx900\tx1080\tx1260\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\

\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (67)\tab A search for longitudinal variations in trace element

levels in nails of Alzheimer's disease patients. Vance DE Ehmann WD

Markesbery WR In: Biol Trace Elem Res (1990 Jul\_Dec)26\_27:461\_70; & Ehmann et

al, 1986, Neurotoxicology, 7:195-206; &

et al, 1988, Neurotoxicology, 9:1-7.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (68)\tab K.A.Ritchie et al,Univ. Of Glasgow, " Psychomotor

testing of dentists with chronic low level mercury exposure " , J Dent Res

74:420, IADR Abstract 160(1995): & Occup Environ Med, 1995, 52(12): 813-7 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (69)\tab D - et al; " Uninary mercury,

porphyrins, and neurobehavioral changes of dental workers in Monterrey,

Mexico\'94, J Pharmocology and Experimental Therapeutics, 272(1): 264-274,1995

\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (70)\tab D.Echeverria et al, Batelle Center for Public Health

Reseach, Seattle, " Behavioral Effects of Low Level Exposure to Hg

vapor Among Dentists " , Neurotoxicology & Teratology; 17(2):161-168(1995); \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (71)\tab S.C.Foo et al, " Neurobehavioral effects in

Occupational Chemical Exposure " , Environmental Research, 60(2):

267-273, 1993; D.G. Mantyla et al, " Mercury toxicity in the dental office: a

neglected problem " , JADA, 92:1189-1194, 1976.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (72)\tab D.L., " Mental effects of mercury poisoning " ,South

Med J 71:904-5,1978. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (73)\tab M.E.Cianciola et al, \'93Epidemiologic assessment of

measures used to indicate exposure to mercury vapor\'94, Toxicol Eniviron

Health, 1997, 52(1):19-33.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (74)\tab A.C.Bittner et al, \'93Behavior effects of low level

mercury exposure among dental professionals\'94, Neurotoxicology &

Teratology, 1998, 20(4):429-39.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (75)\tab Katsunuma et al, \'93Anaphylaxis improvement after

removal of amalgam fillings\'94, ls of Allergy, 1990, 64(5):472-75; &

Yoshida S, Mikami H, Nakagawa H, Amayasu H. Amalagam allergy associatiated with

exacerbation of aspirin-intolerant

asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 1999; 29(10): 1412-4; & M.Drouet et al, \'93Is

mercury a respiratory tract allergen?\'94, Allerg

Immunol(Paris),1990; 22(3):81.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 \{76)\tab A. Schulte et al, " Mercury Concentrations in Children

with and without Amalgam Restorations " , J.Dent Res 73(4): 980 A-334; & Schweiz

Monatsschr Zahnmed, 1994,104(11):1336-40..\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (77)\tab I.Skare, " Mass Balance and Systemic Uptake of Mercury

Released from Dental Fillings " , Water, Air, and Soil Pollutio, 80(1-4):59-67,

1995.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (78)\tab G.Drasch et al, " Silver Concentrations in Human

Tissues: the Dependence on Dental Amalgam " ,J Trace Elements in

Medicine and Biology,9(2):82-7,1995; & L.J. Calsakis et al, " Allergy to Silver

Amalgams " ,Oral Surg,46:371-5,1978. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (79)\tab L.Bjorkman et al, " Mercury in Saliva and Feces after

Removal of Amalgam Fillings " , Toxicology and Applied

Pharmacology, 1997, 144(1), p156-62; & ( J Dent Res 75: 38-, IADR Abstract

165, 1996.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (80)\tab M.Osterblad et al, " Antimicrobial and Mercury

Resistance among Persons with and without Amalgam Fillings " ,

Antimicrobial Agents and Chem, 39(11):2499,1995 \par

}\pard

\qj\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4\

320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (81)\tab L.I.Liang et al, " Mercury reactions in the human mouth

with dental amalgams " Water, Air, and Soil pollution, 80:103-107.\par

}\pard

\qj\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4\

320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (82)\tab J.Begerow et al, " Long-term mercury excretion in urine

after removal of amalgam fillings " , Int Arch Occup Health 66:209-212,

1994.\par

}\pard

\qj\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4\

320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (83)\tab I.Skare et al, Swedish National Board of Occupational

Safety and Health, " Human Exposure to Hg and Ag Released from Dental

Amalgam Restorations " , Archives of Environmental Health 1994; 49(5):384-394.

\par

}\pard

\qj\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4\

320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (84)\tab J.C.Veltman et al, \'93Alterations of heme, cytochrome

P-450, and steroid metabolism by mercury in rat adrenal gland\'94, Arch

Biochem Biophys, 1986, 248(2):467-78; & A.G.Riedl et al, Neurodegenerative

Disease Research Center, King\'92s College,UK,

\'93P450 and hemeoxygenase enzymes in the basal ganglia and their role\'92s in

Parkinson\'92s disease\'94, Adv Neurol, 1999; 80:271-86.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (85)\tab J.A.Weiner et al,\'93The relationship between mercury

concentration in human organs and predictor variables " , Sci Tot Environ,

138(1-3):101-115,1993; & " An estimation of the uptake of mercury from amalgam

fillings in Swedish subjects " , Science of

the Total Environment, v168,n3, p255-265, 1995.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (86)\tab E.R.Smart et al, " Resolution of lichen planus

following removal of amalgam restorations " , Br Dent J 178(3):108-112,1995(12

cases); & H.Markow,\'94 Regression from orticaria following dental filling

removal:,New York State J Med, 1943:

1648-1652; & G. Sasaki et al, \'93Three cases of oral lichenosis caused by

metallic fillings\'94, J. Dermatol, 23 Dec, 1996; 12:890-892; & J.Bratel et al,

\'93Effect of Replacement of Dental Amalgam on OLR\'94, Journal of Dentistry,

1996, 24(1-2):41-45(161

cases). \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (87)\tab A. Skoglund, Scand J Dent Res 102(4): 216-222, 1994;

and 99(4):320-9,1991(40 cases); }{\plain \f3\fs20 & P.O.Ostman et al,

\'93Clinical &

histologic changes after removal of amalgma\'94, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine,

and Endodontics, 1996, 81(4):459-465; }{\plain \f3\fs20 &

S.H.Ibbotson et al, \'93The relevance of amalgam replacement on oral lichenoid

reactions\'94, British Journal of Dermatology,

134(3):420-3, 1996;}{\plain \f3\fs20 (270 cases) \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (88)\tab M.E.Godfrey, \'94Chronic alilments related to

amalgams\'94, J.Adv Med,1990, 3:247\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (89)\tab M.Molin et al, " Kinetics of mercury in blood and urine

after amalgam removal " , J Dent Res 74:420, IADR Abstract 159,

1995; & ( M.Molin et al, \'93Mercury, selenium, And GPX before & after

amalgam removal\'94, Acta Odontol Scand,

1990,48:189-202.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (90)\tab P.Koch et al, \'93Oral lesions and symptoms related to

metals\'94, Dermatol, 1999,41(3):422-430; & " Oral lichenoid

lesions,mercury hypersensitity, ... " , Contact Dermatitis, 1995, 33(5):

323-328; & S.Freeman et al, \'93Oral lichenoid lesions

caused by allergy to mercury in amalgam\'94, Contact Dermatitis, 33(6):423-7,

Dec 1995 (Denmark) & H.Mobacken et al,

Contact Dermatitis, 10:11-15,1984; & M.Jolly et al, \'93Amalgam related

chronic ulceration of oral mucosa\'94, Br Dent J,

1986,160: 434-437; & C.Camisa et al, \'93Contact hypersensitivity to

mercury\'94, Cutis, 1999, 63(3):189-\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx576\

0\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (91) B.Lindqvist et al, " Effects of removing amalgam

fillings from patients with diseases affecting the immune \tab \tab \tab

system " , Med Sci Res 24(5): 355-356, 1996.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (92)\tab L. Tandon et al, " Elemental imbalance studies by INAA

on ALS patients " , J Radioanal Nuclear Chem 195(1):13-19,1995; &

Y.Mano et al, \'93Mercury in the hair of ALS patients\'94, Rinsho Shinkeigaku,

1989, 29(7): 844-848; & Mano et al, 1990,

Rinsho Shinkeigaku 30: 1275-1277; & Khare et al, 1990, \'93Trace element

imbalances in ALS\'94, Neurotoxicology,

1990,11:521-532.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (93)\tab L.Barregard et al, " People with high mercury uptake

from their own dental amalgam fillings " , Occup Envir Med 52: 124-128, 1995; &

S.Langworth et al, \'93A case of high mercury exposure from dental amalgam\'94

European J Oral Sci

1996, 104:320-321; & R. Stromberg et al, " A case of unusually high mercury

exposure from amalgam fillings " ,

Tandlakartidningen 88(10): 570-572, 1996; & McCann et al, Intravenous gamma

globulin (IVIG) treatment of autoimmune

kidney disease associated with mercury ( Hg++) toxicity. J Allergy Clin Immunol

95(1)(Pt 2):145\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (94)\tab F.Berglund, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Case reports spanning

150 years on the adverse effects of dental}{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain

\ul\f3\fs20 amalgam}{\plain \f3\fs20 , Bio-Probe,

Inc.,Orlando,Fl,1995;ISBN 0-9410011-14-3(245 cured)\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (95)\tab H.J.Lichtenberg, " Elimination of symptoms by removal

of dental amalgam from mercury poisoned patients " , J Orthomol Med

8:145-148, 1993; & \'93Symptoms before and after removal of

amalgam\'94,J of Orth Med,1996,11(4):195- (119 cases)\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx576\

0\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (96) A.F.Goldberg et al, \'93Effect of Amalgam restorations on

whole body potassium and bone mineral content in older men\'94,Gen Dent,

\tab 1996, 44(3): 246-8; & K.Schirrmacher,1998, \'93Effects of lead, mercury,

and methyl mercury on gap junctions and [Ca2+]i in bone \tab \tab cells\'94,

Calcif Tissue Int 1998 Aug;63(2):134\_9. \par

}\pard

\fi-150\li150\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (97) Redhe O, Pleva J, " Recovery from ALS and from asthma after

removal of dental amalgam fillings " , Int J Risk & Safety in Med

1994; 4:229-236, & N.Vanacore et al, Dirparimento di Scienze Neurologiche,

Univer. La Sapienza, Roma, Med Lav (Italy),

1995, Nov, 86(6): 522-533.\par

}\pard

\fi-150\li150\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (98) A.Seidler et al, Possible environmental factors for

Parkinson's disease " ,Neurology 46(5): 1275- 1284, 1996; & Vroom FO,

Greer M, " Mercury vapor intoxication " , 95: 305-318, 1972; &

Ohlson et al, \'93Parkinsons Disease and Occupational

Exposure to Mercury\'94, Scand J. Of Work Environment Health, Vol7,

No.4: 252-256, 1981; L.G. Golota, \'93Theraputic

properties of Unitihiol\'94 Farm. Zh. 1980, 1: 18-22.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (99)\tab M.Nylander et al, Mercury accumulation in tissues from

dental staff and controls\'94, Swedish Dental Journal, 13:235-243,

1989; & M.Nylander et al, Br J Ind Med 1991, 48(11):729-34; &

\'93Mercury in pituitary glands of dentists\'94,

Lancet,442, Feb 26, 1986.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (100)\tab M.Hanson et al, " The dental amalgam issue: a

review " , Experientia, 47:9-22,1991; & J.A.Weiner et al, \'93Does mercury from

amalgam restorations contitute a health hazard\'94, Sci Total Environ, 1990,

99(1-2): 1-22; & R.Marxkors,

\'93Korrosionserscheinungen an Amalgamf llungen und Deren Auswirkungen auf den

Menschlichen Organismus.\'94 Das

Deutsche Zahn rztebl. 24, 53, 117 and 170, 1970 .\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (101)\tab E.Henriksson et al, " Healing of Lichenoid Reactions

followin Removal of Amalgam " , J Clinical Periodontol, V22,N4, p287-94,1995 &

M.Forsbec et al, Journal of Clinical Immunology, 16(1):31-40, Jan 1996; &

A.Larsson et al, \'93The

histopathology of oral mucosal lesions associated with amalgam\'94,\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab \tab \tab Oral Dis 1995, 1(3):152-8.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (102)\tab R.L. Siblerud et al, " Evidence that mercury from

silver fillings may be an etiological factor in multiple sclerosis " , Sci Total

Environ, 1994,v142,n3, p191- , & \'93Mental health, amalgam fillings,

and MS\'94, Psychol Rep,1992, 70(3 Pt2), 1139-51; & T.Engalls,Am J Forensic

Med Pathol, 4(1):1983, Mar, 55-61.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (103)\tab A.P.Tanchyk, " Amalgam Removal for Treatment of

Arthritis " , Gen Dent,v42,n4, July 1994, p354-\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (104)\tab C.F.Facemire et al, \'93Reproductive impairment in

the Florida Panther\'94, Health Perspect,1995, 103 (Supp4):79-86; &

J.M.Yang et al, \'93The distribution of HgCl2 in rat body and its effect on

fetus\'94, Environ Sci , 1996, 9(4): 437-42; M.Maretta et

al, \'93Effect of mercury on the epithelium of the fowl testis\'94, Vet Hung

1995, 43(1):153-6.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (105)\tab T.Colborn(Ed.),}{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Chemically

Induced Atlerations in Functional Development}{\plain \f3\fs20 , Princeton

Scientific Press,1992; & \'94

Developmental Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals " ,Eniron Heath

Perspectives, V 101, No.5, Oct 1993; &

B.Windham, " Health, Hormonal, and Reproductive Effects of Endocrine Disrupting

Chemicals " (including mercury),

Annotated Bibliography ,1996; & Giwercman A, Carlsen E, Keiding N, Skakkabaek

NE, Evidence for increasing incidence

of abnormalities of the human testis: a review. Environ Health Perspect 1993;

101 Suppl(2): 65-71; & Trachtenberg IM,

}{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Chronic effects of mercury in ogranisms.}{\plain \f3\fs20

U.S. Dept. Of Health,Eductation, and Welfare, Publ 74-473, 1974, \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (106)\tab G.R.Bruce, " Cytotoxicity of retrofil materials " , J

Endodont., v19,n6,p288-92,1993 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (107)\tab R.L.Siblerud et al,\'94Psychometric evidence that

mercury from dental fillings may be a factor in depression,anger,and anxiety " ,

Psychol Rep, v74,n1,1994; & Amer. J. Of Psychotherapy, 1989; 58: 575-87;

}{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Poisoning and Toxicology compendium}{\plain \f3\fs20

,Leikin

& Palouchek, Lexi-Comp,1998,p705 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (108)\tab M.Henningsson et al, " Defensive characteristics in

individuals with amalgam illness " , Acta Odont Scand 54(3):

176-181,1996.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (109)\tab Y.X. Liang et al, " Psychological effects of low

exposure to mercury vapor " ,Environmental Med Research, 60(2): 320-327,

1993; & T.Kampe et al, " Personality traits of adolescents with intact and

repaired dentitions " ,Acta Odont Scand,44:95-,1986; & R.Kishi et al, Residual

neurobehavioral effects of chronic exposure to mercury vapor\'94, Occupat.

Envir. Med.,

1994, 51:35-41; & A.Sikora et al, \'93Evaluation of mental functions in workers

exposed to metalic mercury\'94, Med Pr, 1992,

43(2):109-21..\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (110)\tab N.Roeleveld et al, " Mental retardation and parental

occupation " , Br J Ind Med 50(10): 945-954, 1993.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (111)\tab T.W.son et al, " Billiary secretion of

glutathione\_metal complexes " , Fundam Appl Toxicol,1985,5(5):816\_31;

&

D.Quig, Doctors Data Lab, " Cysteine metabolism and metal toxicity " , Altern

Med Rev, 1998;3:4, p262\_270, & J.de

Ceaurriz et al, Role of gamma\_ glutamyltraspeptidase(GGC) and extracellular

glutathione in disopition of inorganic

mercury " ,J Appl Toxicol,1994, 14(3): 201\_; & W.O. Berndt et al, " Renal

glutathione and mercury uptake " , Fundam Appl

Toxicol, 1985, 5(5):832\_9; & R.K. Zulups et al, J Toxicol Environ Health,

1995, 44(4): 385-99; D.Jay, \'93Glutathione

inhibits SOD activity of Hg\'94, Arch Inst cardiol Mex, 1998,68(6):457-61. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (112)\tab A.Oskarsson et al, \'93Mercury in breast milk in

relation to fish consumption and amalgam\'94, Arch environ Health,

1996,51(3):234-41; & \'93Risk assessment in relation to neonatal metal

exposure\'94, Analyst,1998, 123(1): 19-23; & Drasch et

al, \'93Mercury in human colostrum and early breast milk\'94, J.Trace Elem.

Med.Biol., 1998,12:23-27.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (113)\tab T.A.Glavinskiaia et al, \'93Complexons in the

treatment of lupus erghematousus\'94, Dermatol Venerol, 1980, 12: 24-28;

& A.F.Hall, Arch Dermatol 47, 1943, 610-611.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (114)\tab M.Aschner et al, \'93Metallothioein induction in

fetal rat brain by in utero exposure to elemental mercury\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab vapor\'94, Brain Research, 1997, dec 5,

778(1):222-32; & T.V. O\'92Halloran, \'93Transition metals in control\par

}\pard

\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\

\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 Of gene expression\'94, Science, 1993, 261(5122):715-25; &

Matts RL, Schatz JR, Hurst R, Kagen R. Toxic heavy metal ions

inhibit reduction of disulfid bonds. J Biol Chem 1991; 266(19): 12695-702; Boot

JH. Effects of SH-blocking compounds on

the energy metablolism in isolated rat hepatocytes. Cell Struct Funct 1995;

20(3): 233-8. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (115)\tab G.Hall, V-TOX, Mercury levels excreted after Vit C IV

as chelator\_ by number of fillings Int Symposium " Status Quo and

Perspectives of Amalgam and Other Dental Materials " European Academy,

Ostzenhausen/Germany. April 29 \_ May 1, 1994;

& Heavy Metal Bulletin, Apr 1996,Vol.3,Issue 1, p6-8 (200 cured or

significantly improved)\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (116)\tab A.O.Summers et al, Antimicrobial Agents and

Chemotherapy, 37(4):825-834,1993; & The Physiologist 33(4), A-116,1990;

& J. Wireman et al, Appl Environ Microbiol, 1997, 63(11):4494-503. & M.Vimy et

al,\'94 Silver dental fillings provoke an

increase in mercury and antibiotic resistant bacteria in the mouth and

intestines of primates\'94, APUA Newsletter, Fall,

1991. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (117)\tab C.Edlund et al, " Resistance of the Normal Human

Microflora to mercury and antimicrobials " , Clin Infect Dis 22(6):944-950,

1996.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (118)\tab Tibbling L, Stejskal VDM, et al, Immunolocial and

brain MRI changes in patients with suspected metal intoxication " , Int J

Occup Med Toxicol 4(2):285-294,1995.\par

}\pard

\qj\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4\

320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (119)\tab L.Ronnback et al, " Chronic encephalopaties induced by

low doses of mercury or lead " , Br J Ind Med 49:233-240, 1992; &

H.Langauer\_Lewowicka,\'94 }{\plain \f3\fs20 Changes in the nervous system due

to occupational metallic mercury poisoning\'94 Neurol Neurochir Pol

1997 Sep\_Oct;31(5):905\_13; & Kim P, Choi BH. \'93Selective inhibition of

glutamate uptake by mercury in cultured mouse

astrocytes\'94, Yonsei Med J 1995; 36(3): 299-305; & s N. In vitro

evidence for the role of glutatmate in the CNS toxicity

of mercury. Toxicology 1992, 76(3):245-56.\par

}\pard

\qj\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4\

320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (120)\tab L.Pohl, Dept. of Dental Materials Science, Umea

Univ., Sweden, " The dentist's exposure to elemental mercury during clinical

work " , Acta Odontol Scand,v53,n1,p44-48,1995. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (121)\tab A.S.Rowland et al,\'93The Effect of Occupational

Exposure to mercury vapor on the fertility of female dental

assistants " ,Occupational & Environmental Medicine, v55,n1,1994 \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx576\

0\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (122) B.Ono et al, \'93Reduced tyrosine uptake in strains

sensitive to inorganic mercury\'94, Genet, 1987,11(5):399-\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (123)\tab I. Skare et al, " Mercury exposure of different

origins among dentists and dental nurses " , Scand J Work Environ Health,

16:340-347, 1990.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (124)\tab I.Akesson et al, Dept. of Occupational Medicine,

" Status of mercury and selenium in dental personel " , Arch Environ Health,

46(2): 102-109, 1991 & Chang SB et al, Factors affecting blood mercury

concentrations in practicing dentists, Dent Res,

1992, 71(1):66-74; & Examination of blood levels of mercurials in practicing

dentists, Anal Toxicol , 1987, 11(4):149-53.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (125)\tab G. Hall, " Perspectives of Amalgam and Other Dental

Materials " , European Acadamy Symposium Article,

Ostzenhausen,Germany, April 29, 1994.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (126)\tab }{\plain \f3\fs20 K.R.Hoyt et al, \'93Mechanisms of

dopamine-induced cell death and differences from glutamate Induced cell

death\'94, Exp

Neurol 1997, 143(2):269-81; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 P.Froissard et al, Universite de

Caen, \'93Role of glutathione metabolism in the glutamate-induced programmed

cell death of neuronal cells\'94 Eur J Pharacol, 1997, 236(1): 93-99.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (127)\tab . Moszczynski et al, " The behavior of T-Cells in the

blood of workers exposed to mercury " , Med Lav 85(3):239-241,1994; &

" Lymphocytes, T and NK cells in men exposed to mercury " ,Int J Occup Med

Environ Health,8(1):1995. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (128)\tab M.L.S.Queiroz et al, " Immunoglobulin Levels in

Workers Exposed to Inorganic Mercury " , Pharmacol Toxicol 74:72-75,

1994; & \'93Presence of Micronuclei in lymphocytes of mercury exposed

workers\'92, Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol,

1999, 21(1):141-50; & D.C.Santos, \'93Immunoglubuline E in mercury exposed

workers\'94, 1997, 19(3):383-92..\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (129)\tab P.Hultman et al,Dept. Of Pathology, Linkoping Univ.,

Sweden,\'94Adverse immunological effects and immunity induced by

dental amalgam " FASEB J 8:1183-1190, 1994; & Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 1992,

113(2):199-208. .\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (130)\tab S. Enestrom et al, " Does amalgam affect the Immune

System? " Int Arch Allergy Immunol 106:180-203,1995.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (131)\tab Christensen MM, Ellermann-sen S, Mogensen SC.

Influence of mercury chloride on resistance to generalized

infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 in mice. Toxicology 1996, 114(1):

57-66; & S.Ellermann-sen et al,

" Effect of mercuric chloride on macrophage-mediated resistance mechinisms

against infection " , Toxicology, 93:269-297,1994; }{\plain \f3\fs20 &

M.Kubicka-Muranyi et al, \'93Systemic autoimmune disease induced by mercuric

chloride\'94, Int Arch Allergy

Immunol;1996, 109(1):11-20 }{\plain \f3\fs20 & M.M.Christensen et al,

Institute of Medical Microbiology, \'93Comparision of interaction of

meHgCl2 and HgCl2 with murine macrophages\'94, Arch Toxicol, 1993,

67(3):205-11;\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (132)\tab K.Sato et al, " An epidemiological study of factors

relating to mercury sensitization " , Arerugi 44(2): 86-92, 1995; &

T.Mori et al, \'93Mercury sensitization caused by environmental factors\'94,

Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi, 1998, 52(4):661-6.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (133)\tab M.Molin et al, " Mercury in plasma in patients

allegedly subject to oral galvanism " , Scand J Dent Res 95:328-334, 1987.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (134)\tab A.M.Aronsson et al, " Dental amalgam and mercury " ,

Biol Metals,2:25-30,1989.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (135)\tab L.Bjorkman et el, " Factors influencing mercury

evaporation rate from dental amalgam fillings " , Scand J Dent Res,

100(6): 354-360, 1992.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (136)\tab D. Gay et al, " Chewing releases mercury " , Lancet,

8123:985-98, 1979. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (137)\tab B.Fredin, " Studies on the Mercury Release from Dental

Amalgam Fillings " , Swed J Biol Med No.3, 1988, pp8-15 &

Summers,Science News, 4-10-93; & G. Sallsten et al, " Long term use of nicotine

chewing gum and mercury exposure

from dental amalgam " , J Dent Res 75(1):598,1996.\par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx504\

0\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 & ( T.Gebel et al, \'93Influence of Chewing Gum on Urine

Mercury Content\'94, Zentralbl Hyg

Umweltmed,1996,199(1):69-75 .\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (138)\tab D. Zander et al, " Studies on Human Exposure to Mercuy

Amalgam Fillings " , Ubl Hyg, 1990, 190: 325-\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (139)\tab G.Sallsten et al, \'93Mercury in cerebrospinal fluid

in subjects exposed to mercury vapor\'94, Environmental Research, 1994;

65:195-206.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (140)\tab R.L.Siblerud, " Health Effects After Dental Amalgam

Removal " , J Orthomolecular Med 5(2): 95 -106.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (141)\tab L.Siblerud et al, " Evidence that mercury from dental

fillings may be an etiological factor in smoking " ,Toxicol

Lett,v68,n3,1993,p307- & v69(3):305. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (142)\tab }{\plain \f3 Ariza ME; Bijur GN; MV. Lead

and mercury mutagenesis: role of H2O2, superoxide\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx576\

0\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3 dismutase, and xanthine oxidase. Environ Mol Mutagen

1998;31(4):352\_61}{\plain \f3\fs20 ; & M.E. Ariza et al, \tab \tab \'93Mercury

mutagenisis\'94, Biochem Mol Toxicol, 1999, 13(2):107-12; & M.E.Ariza

et al, " Mutagenic effect \tab \tab of mercury " , InVivo 8(4):559-63,1994;

\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (143) P.Boffetta et al, " Carciagenicity of mercury " , Scand J

Work Environ Health, 1993,19(1):1-7, & \'93Study of workers \tab compensated for

mercury intoxication\'94,J Occup Med, 1994,36(11):1260-4; & J Occup Med,

36(11):1260-64, 1994; \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (144)\tab .Y Zaichick et al,\'94Trace Elements and thyroid

cancer " ,Analyst, 120(3),1995.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (145)\tab J.M.Gorell et al, \'93Occupational exposure to

mercury, manganese, copper, lead, and therisk of Parkinson\'92s disease\'94,

Neurotoxicology, 1999, 20(2-3):239-47; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 J.M. Gorell et

al,\'94Occupational exposures to metals as risk factors for

Parkinson's disease\'94, Neurology, 1997 Mar, 48:3, 650\_8.}{\plain \f3\fs20

\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (146)\tab Gerhard et al, Zentralbl Gynakol, 1992, 114, 593-602:

& I.Gerhard, Therapeutikon, 1993, 7, 478-91; & E.Roller et al, J

Fert Reprod, 1995, 3, 31-33; & U.Vallon et al, J Fert Reprod 1995, 3,31.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (147)\tab .M.Wood, " Mechinisms for the Neurotoxicity of

Mercury " , in Organotransitional Metal Chemistry, Plenum Publishing

Corp, N.Y, N.Y, 1987.\par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx504\

0\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 & R.P. Sharma et al, \'93Metals and Neurotoxic Effects\'94, J

of Comp Pathology, Vol 91, 1981. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (148)\tab H.R.Casdorph, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Toxic Metal

Syndrome}{\plain \f3\fs20 , Avery Publishing Group, 1995.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (149)\tab B.Choi et al, " Abnormal neuronal migration of human

fetal brain " , Journal of Neurophalogy, Vol 37, p719-733, 1978; &

F. Monnet-Tschudi et al, \'93Comparison of the developmental effects of 2

mercury compounds on glial cells and neurons in

the rat telencephalon\'94, Brain Research, 1996, 741: 52-59; & Chang LW,

Hartmann HA, \'93Quantitative cytochemical

studies of RNA in experimental mercury poisoning\'94, Acta Neruopathol(Berlin),

1973, 23(1):77-83.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (150)\tab U.S. Public Health Service, " Toxicological profile of

Mercury " , 1988. & \par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx504\

0\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 J.Leiskir, \'94Cytotoxity of Silver amalgam\'94, Scand J of

Dental Res, 1974. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (151)\tab Electric Power Research Institute, EPRI Technical

Brief: " Mercury in the Environment " , 1993; & EPRI Journal, April

1990.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (152)\tab Langworth et al, \'93Effects of low exposure to

inorganic mercury on the human immune system\'94, Scand J Work Environ

Health, 19(6): 405-413.1993.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (153)\tab International Acadamy of oral Medicine and

Toxicology, \'93A Scientific Response to the American Dental Association

Special Report and Statement of Confidence in Dental Amalgam, IAOMT, POB 608531,

Orlando,32860-8531.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (154)\tab }{\plain \f3\fs20 K.Nordlind et al, \'93Patch test

reactions to metal salts in patients with oral mucosal lesions associated with

amalgal fillings\'94,

Contact Dermatitis,1992, 27:3, 157-160; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 E.Djerasci et al,

Int Dent J 19:481-8,1969; & A.M. et al, Contact

Dermatitis due to Amalgam fillings\'94,Arch Dermatol Syphilol, 59:p116-8,1949;

& R.R.White et al, J Amer Dent assoc,

92:124-7,1976; \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (155)\tab L.D.Koller, \'93Immunotoxicology of Heavy Metals\'94,

Int J of Immunopharm, 2:269-279,1980; & Amer J Vet Res,

vol34,p1457-,1973.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (156)\tab E.G. et al, \'93Prevelence of Mercury

Hypersensitivity among Dental Students\'94, J Dent Res. 64:Abstract 1472,

p338,1985; & D.Kawahara et al, \'93Epidemiologic Study of occupational Contact

Dermatitis in the Dental Clinic\'94, Contact

Dermatitis, Vol 28, No.2, pp114-5,1993. \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx576\

0\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (157) L.J Goldwater, \'93Toxicology of Inorganic Mercury\'94,

ls: NY Acad Sci, 65:498-503, 1957; & J.B.Nielsen et al, \'93Evaluation \tab

\tab \tab of Mercury in Hair & Blood as Biomarkers for Methylmercury

Exposure\'94, Arch of Toxicology, 1994,65(5):317-321. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (158)\tab Wenstrup et al, \'93Trace element imbalances in the

brains of Alzheimers patients\'94, Research, Vol 533,p125-131,1990; &

F.L.Lorscheider,B.Haley,et al, \'93Mercury vapor inhibits tubulin

binding...\'94, FASEB J,9(4):A-3485.,1995 & & Vance et al,

1988, Neurotoxicology, 9:197-208; & l> de Saint-s et al, \'93Inhibition by

mercuric chloride fo the in vitro polymeriztion

of microtubules\'94, CR ces Soc Biol Fil, 1984; 178(5):562-6.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (159)\tab W.Eggert-Kruse et al, \'93Effect of heavy metals on

in vitro interacton between human sperm and cervical mucus\'94, Dtsch Med

Wochenschr , 1992, 117(37):1383-9(German); E.Ernst et al, \'93Effect of mercury

on human sperm motility\'94, Toxicol 1991,

68(6):440-4; & A.Daily et al, \'93Declining sperm count: evidence that

Young\'92s syndrome is associated with mercury\'94, BMJ,

1996, 313(7048): 44..\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx576\

0\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (160) B.Windham, " Health Effects of Toxic Metals: An Anotated

Bibliography " ,1999. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx0\tx150\tx180\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\

\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (161)\tab F.L.Lorscheider et al, \'93Inorganic mercury and the

CNS: genetic linkage of mercury and antibiotic

resistance\'94,Toxicology,1995,97(1): 19-22; & M.C., Dept. Of

Pathobiology, Univ. Of Washington, \'93Antibiotic

resistance in oral/respiratory bacteria\'94, Crit Rev Oral biol Med,

1998;9(4):522-\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (162) N.K.Mottet et al, \'93Health Risks from Increases in

Methylmercury Exposure\'94,Health Perspect; vol63 :133-140,1985; &

M.K.Mohamed et al, \'93Effects of methyl mercury on testicular functions in

monkeys\'94.}{\plain \f3\fs20 Toxicol, 1987, 60(1):29-36; & M.K.

Mohamed et al, Toxicol(Copenhagen), 1986,58(3):219-24; & N.F.

Ivanitskaia,\'94Evaluation of effect of mercury on

reproductive function of animals\'94, Gig Sanit,1991, 12: 48-51.\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (163) Ahlrot-Westerlund B. Multiple Schlerosis and mercury in

cerebrospinal fluid. Second Nordic Symposium on Trace Elements and

Human Health, Odense, Denmark, Aug 1987; & Nutrition Research, 1985

Supplement}{\plain \f3\fs20 . \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (164)\tab Swedish National Dept. of Health, Mercury Amalgam

Review Panel, 1987.\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (165) Anneroth G, son T, Johansson I, Mornstad H, Skoglund

A }{\plain \f3\fs20 , \'93Comprehensive Medical Examination of patients with

alleged

adverse effects from dental amalgams\'94, Acta Odontal Scand,

1992,50(2):101-11.\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (166) H.Basun et al, J Neural Transm Park Dis Dement Sect,

\'93Metals in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in normal aging and

Alzheimer\'92s disease\'94,1991,3(4):231-58\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (167) M.L Olsted et al, \'93Correlation between amalgam

restorations and mercury in urine\'94, J Dent Res, 66(6):\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 1179-1182,1987.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (168)\tab J.Laine et al, \'93Immunocompetent cells in

amalgam-associated oral licheinoid contact lesions\'94, Oral Pathol Med 1999;

28(3): 117-21; & \'93Contact allergy to dental restorative materials in

patients with oral lichenoid lesions\'94, Contact

Dermatitis, 1997,36:3,141-6; & \'93Resolution of OLL after replacement of

amalgam restorations\'94, Br J Dermatol,

1992,126(1):10-15(20 casess); & A.Adachi et al, \'93Efficacy of dental metal

elimination in the management of atopic

dermatitis\'94, J Dermatology, 1997, 24:1,141-6; \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (169)\tab C.H.Ngim et al, Neuroepidemiology,\'94Epidemiologic

study on the association between body burden mercury level and

idiopathic Parkinson\'92s disease\'94, 1989, 8(3):128-41.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (170)\tab R.L.Siblerud, \'93A commparison of mental health of

multiple schlerosis patients with silver dental fillings and those with

fillings removed\'94, Psychol Rep, 1992, 70(3),Pt2, 1139-51.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (171)\tab A.Jokstad, \'93Mercury excretion and ocuupational

exposure of dental personnel\'94,Community Dent Oral Epidemiology,

18(3):143-8,1990.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (172)\tab B.Nilsson et al, Dept. of Environmental Medicine,

Univ. Of Umea, \'93Urinary mercury excretion in dental personnel\'94,

Swed Dent J, 1986,10(6):221-32; & Swed Dent J, 1986, 10(1-2):1-14; &

Science of the Total

Environment, 1990, 94(3):179-85.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (173)\tab D.Zander et al, \'93Mercury exposure of male

dentists, female dentists, and dental aides\'94, Zentralbl Hyg Umweltmed,

1992,193(4):318-28. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (174)\tab B.Willershausen et al, \'93Mercury in the mouth

mucosa of patients with amalgam fillings\'94, Dtsch Med Wochenschr, 1992,

117:46, 1743-7.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (175)\tab L.Larkfors et al, " Methylmercury induced alterations

in the nerve growth factor level in the developing brain " , Res Dev

Res,62(2),1991,287- ; & Soderstrom et al, \'93The effect of mercury vapor on

cholinergic neurons in the fetal brain, Brain

Research & Developmental Brain Res, 1995, 85:96-108; & Toxicol Lett 1995;

75(1-3):133-44.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (176)\tab A.Jokstad et al, " Dental amalgam and mercury " ,

Pharmacol Toxicol, 70(4), 1992,308-13; & L.Barregard et l, \'93mercury

exposure from dental amalgam\'94, Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 1998,118(1):58-62\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (177)\tab S.Olsson et al, " Daily dose calculations from

measurements of intra-oral mercury vapor " , J Dent Res, 71(2):414-23,1992.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (178)\tab J.Lenihan et al, \'93Mercury hazards in dental

practice\'94, Br Dent J, 1973, 135: 363-376; & G.S.Nixon et al, J Oral Ther

Pharm, 1965, 1: 512.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (179)\tab A.Lussi, " Mercury release from amalgam into saliva " ,

Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed,1993, 103(6):722-\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (180)\tab Pinto OF et al, J Intl Acad Prev Med, Vol 3, No.2,

1976; & Y.Kinjo et al, \'93Cancer mortality in patients exposed to

methylmercury through fish diet\'94, J Epidemiol, 1996, 6(3):134-8..\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (181)\tab }{\plain \f3\fs20 P.W. Mathieson, \'93Mercury: god of

TH2 cells\'94,1995, Clinical Exp Immunol.,102(2):229-30; Parronchi P, Brugnolo

F,

Sampognaro S, Maggi E. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2000 Jan;121(1):2-9. Genetic

and Environmental Factors Contributing

to the Onset of Allergic Disorders.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain \f3\fs20 (182)\tab J Pleva, Mercury from dental

amalgams: exposure and effects, Int J Risk & Safety in Med, 1992, 3: 1-22.

}{\plain \f3\fs20 & \'93Mercury-

A Public Health Hazard\'94,Reviews on Environmental Health, 1994, 10:1-27; &

Mercury poisoning from dental

amalgam. J. Of Orthomol. Medicine 1989, 4(3):141- 148;}{\plain \f3\fs20 &

J Orthomol Psych, Vol 12, No.3, 1983}{\plain \f3\fs20 .\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (183)\tab World Health Organization(WHO),1991, Environmental

Health criteria 118, Inorgtanic Mercury, WHO, Geneva; &

Envir. H. Crit. 101, Methyl Mercury; \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (184)\tab T.H.Ingalls, J Forsenic Medicine and Pathology, Vol

4, No 1, 1953; & Epidemiology, etiology and prevention of

MS\'94,Am J Fors Med & Pathology, 1983, 4:55-61; & \'93Endemic clustering of

MS\'94, Am J.Fors Med Path, 1986,7:3-8\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (185)\tab L., \'93Health outcomes following amalgam

removal\'94, New Zealand Psychology Journal, Sept.,1999.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (186)\tab J.Yang et al, \'93Maternal-fetal transfer of metallic

mercury via the placenta and milk\'94, Lab Sci, 1997,27(2):135-41; &

C.N.Ong et al, " Concentrations of heavy metal in maternal and umbilical cord

blood " , Biometals, 6(1):61\_66, 1993; &

J.Yang et al, \'93Maternal-fetal transfer of metallic mercury via placenta and

milk " , Ann Clin Lab Sci, 27(2):135\_141, Mar

1997); & Y.K.Soong et al, J of Formosa Medical Assoc., 1991, 90(1): 59-65; &

}{\plain \f3\fs20 T. Suzuki et al, Dept. Of Human

Ecology, Univ. Of Tokyo, \'93Mercury in human amnotic fluid\'94,Scand J Work

Environ & Health, 3:32-35,1977; }{\plain \f3\fs20 & D.A.

Spencer et al, \'93Mercury Concentration in Cord Blood\'94, Arch Dis Child,

1988, 63(2):202-3; & S.Sugiyama et al, \'93Comparison

of heavy metal concentrations in human umbilical cord blood in 1980 and 1990:,

Kinki Univ. School of Medicine, Osaka,

Japan; & R.Sikorski et al,\'94The intrapartum content of toxic metals in

maternal and umbilical cord blood\'94, Ginekol Pol,

1989,60(3):151-5.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (187)\tab Klobusch J, Rabe T, Gerhard I, Runnebaum B,

" Alopecia and environmental pollution " Klinisches Labor 1992, 38:469\_ 476;

& \'93Schwermetallbelastungen bei Patientinnen mit Alopezie\'94 Arch Gynecol.

Obstet., 1993,254(1-4):278-80; & G. Kunzel et

al, \'93Arch Gynecol. Obstet., 1993, 254:277-8.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (188)\tab I.I. Ship et al, School of Dental Research, Univ of

Penn., Mar 1983; & \par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\\

tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 P.A.Gronla et al, JADA, 1970, 81:923-25.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (189)\tab U.S.CDC, Toxicology Division, Atlanta, Ga. and WHO,

Environmental Health Criteria 101,1990.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (190)\tab P.Urban et al, \'93Neurological examination on 3

groups of workers exposed to mercury vapor\'94, Eur J Neurology, 1999, 6(5):

571-7; & B. Polakowska, \'93Neurological Assessment of Health Status in

Dentists\'94, Med Pr, 1994, 45(3):221-5; & L.Ekenvall

et al, \'93Sensory perception in the hands of dentists\'94 J Work Environ

Health, 1990, 16(5):334-9.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (191)\tab D.Brune et al, Scand J Dent Res, 1983,19:66-71 & Sci

Tot Envir,1985,44:...; & \par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\\

tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 \'93Metal release from dental materials\'94, Biomaterials,

1986, 7, 163-175.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (192)\tab N.Nogi, \'93Electric current around dental metals as

a factor producing allergic metal ions in the oral cavity\'94, Nippon Hifuka

Gakkai Zasshi, 1989, 99(12):1243-54; & M.D.Rose et al, Eastman Dental

Institute, \'93The tarnished history of a posteria

restoration\'94, Br Dent J 1998;185(9):436; & J. Bergdahl, }{\plain \f3\fs20

\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab \tab A.J.Certosimo et al, National Naval Dental Center,

\'93Oral Electricity\'94, Gen Dent, 1996, 44(4):324-6; & R.H.Ogletree et al,

School of Materials Science, GIT, Atlanta,\'94Effect of mercury on corrosion of

eta\'92 Cu-Sn phase in dental amalgams\'94, Dent

Mater, 1995, 11(5):332-6; & R.D.Meyer et al, \'93Intraoral galvanic

corrosion\'94,Prosthet Dent, 1993,69(2):141-3; &

B.M.Owens et al, \'93Localized galvanic shock after insertion of an amalgam

restoration\'94, Compenium, 1993,

14(10),1302,1304,1306-7.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (193)\tab E.N.Cohen et al, \'93Occupational disease in

dentistry\'94, Amer. Dent Assoc, 1980, 101(1): 21-31; & G.Bjorklund,

\'93Risk

evaluation of the occupational environment in dental care\'94, Tidsski Nor

Laegeforen, 1991, 111(8): 948-50; & A.Ahlbom et al,

:Dentists, dental nurses, and brain tumors\'94, Br Med J, 1986, 202(6521):662.

\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (194)\tab }{\plain \f3\fs20 Lu SC, FASEB J, 1999,

13(10):1169\_83, \'93Regulation of hepatic glutathione synthesis: current

concepts and

controversies\'94; & R.B. Parsons, J Hepatol, 1998, 29(4):595-602; &

R.K.Zalups et al, " Nephrotoxicity of inorganic

mercury co\_administered with L\_cysteine " , Toxicology, 1996, 109(1): 15\_29. &

T.L. et al, \'93Hallevorden-Spatz

Disease: cysteine accumulation and cysteine dioxygenase defieciency\'94, Ann

Neural, 1985, 18(4):482-489.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (195)\tab B.Moller-Madsen et al, \'93Mercury concentrations in

blood of Danish dentists\'94, Scand J Dent Res, 1988, 96(1): 56-9.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (196)\tab }{\plain \f3\fs20 G. Sandborgh-Englund,

Pharmakinetics of mercury from dental amalgam\'94, Medical School Disertation

Dept. Of Basal

Oral Sciences, Karolinska Institutet,(Stolckholm),1998,1-49; & \par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\\

tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 & G. Sandborgh-Englund et al, J Dental Res, 1998, 77(4):

615-24;}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (197)\tab J., }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 A Complete Guide to

Mercury Toxicity from Dental Fillings}{\plain \f3\fs20 ,Scripps Pullishing;

\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (198)\tab E.S. West et al, Textbook of Biochemistry, MacMillan

Co, 1957,p853; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain \f3\fs20 B.R.G.sson et

al,\'94Ferotoxicity of inorganic

mercury: distribution and effects of nutrient uptake by placenta and fetus\'94,

Biol Res Preg Perinatal. 5(3):102-109,1984; &

sson et al, Nurotoxicol. Teratol., 18:129-134;? }{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (199)\tab Dr. P.Kraub & M.Deyhle, Universitat Tubingen-

Institut fur Organische Chemie, \'93Field Study on the Mercury Content of

Saliva\'94, 1997}{\plain \f4\fs20

http://www.uni\_tuebingen.de/KRAUSS/amalgam.html}{\plain \f3\fs20 ; \par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\\

tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (20,000 people tested for mercury level in saliva and health

status/symptoms compiled)\par

}\pard

\fi-3600\li3600\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\

\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (200)\tab V.Nadarajah et al, \'93Localized cellular inflamatory

response to subcutaneously implanted dental mercury\'94, J Toxicol Environ

Health, Oct 11: 49(2):113-25.\tab \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (201)\tab J.T. Salonen et al, \'93Intake of mercury from fish

and the risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovasculr disease in eastern

Finnish men\'94, Circulation, 1995; 91(3):645-55. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (202)\tab T.Kishimoto et al, \'93Methylmercury injury of

Cultured Human Vascular EndothelialCells\'94, Journal of Trace Elements in

Experimental Medicine, 6(4): 155-163, 1993.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (203)\tab M.J.Vimy et al, \'93Renal function and amalgam

mercury\'94, Amer J Physiol, 1997,273(3/2):1199- ; & \par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\\

tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 ( DM; Lund BO; Woods JS. Reactivity of Hg(II) with

superoxide: evidence for the catalytic dismutation of

superoxide by Hg(II). J Biochem Toxicol 1991 ;6(4):293\_8.}{\plain \f3\fs20 ; &

K.A.Nath et al, Dept. Of Medicine, Univ. Of

Minnesota, \'93Renal oxidant injury induced by mercury\'94, Kidney Int,

Ultrastructural changes in renal proximal tubules after chronic organic and

inorganic mercury intoxication\'94, Environ

Res, 1975, 10(1):121-40; & (d) McCann et al, Intravenous gamma globulin

(IVIG) treatment of autoimmune

kidney disease associated with mercury ( Hg++) toxicity. J Allergy Clin Immunol

95(1)(Pt 2):145; & (e) G.D. Nuyts

et al, \'93New occupational risk factors for chronic renal failure\'94, Lancet

1995; 346(8966):7-11.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (204)\tab Tom Warren, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Beating

Alzheimer\'92s}{\plain \f3\fs20 , Avery Publishing Group, 1991.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (205)\tab M.F. Ziff et al, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 A Persuasive

New Look at Heart Disease As It Relates toMercury,}{\plain \f3\fs20 Bio-

Probe, Inc., ISBN 0-941011-08-9; &

J. of American College of Cardiology V33,#6, pp1578\_1583, 1999.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (206)\tab R. Ma et al, \'93Association between dental

restorations and carcinoma of the tongue\'94, European Journal of Cancer. Part

B,

Oral Oncology, 1995; 31B(4): 232-4.}{\plain \f3\fs20 R.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (207)\tab Pendergrass JC, Haley BE, Univ. Of Kentucky Dept. Of

Chemistry \'93 The Toxic Effects fo Mercury on CNS Proteins:

Similarity to Observations in Alzheimer\'92s Disease\'94, IAOMT Symposium paper,

March 1997 & \'93Mercury Vapor Inhaltion

Inhibits Binding of GTP ...-Similarity to Lesions in Alzheimers Diseased

Brains\'94, Neurotoxicology 1997, 18(2)::315-24; &

Met Ions Biol Syst, 1997, 34:461-\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (208)\tab L.T.Friberg, \'93Status Quo and perspectives of

amalgam and other dental materials\'94, International symposium proceedings,

G.Thieme Verlag Struttgart, 1995. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (209)\tab Mark , Environmental Health

Directorate,Health Canada, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Assessment ofMercury Exposure

and Risks from Dental

Amalgam,}{\plain \f3\fs20 1995, Final Report; & G.M. et al,\'94A

Monte Carlo Assessment of Mercury Exposure and Risks from

Dental Amalgam\'94, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, 2(4): 709-761. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (210)\tab Mats Berlin, \'93Is amalgam in dental fillings

hazardous to health?\'94, Lakartidningen, 1992; 89(37):2918-23; & }{\plain

\f3\fs20 \'93Prenatal

exposure to mercury vapor: Effects on brain development\'94, Fundamental and

Applied Toxicology, 1,112, 1: 7(?) }{\plain \f3\fs20 &

M.Berlin, \'93Mercury in dental filling materials- environmental medicine risk

analysis\'94, paper for the Swedish Council for

Coordinating and Planning Research, 1998.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (211)\tab M.J.Vimy and F.L. Lorscheider, Faculty of Medicine,

Univ. Of Calgary, July 1991. (Study findings) & J. Trace Elem.

Exper. Med., 1990,3, 111-123.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (212)\tab Ziff, M.F., \'93Documented Clinical Side Effects to

Dental Amalgams\'94, ADV. Dent. Res.,1992; 1(6):131-134; &

S.Ziff,}{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Dentistry without Mercury}{\plain \f3\fs20 , 8th

Edition, 1996, Bio-Probe, Inc., ISBN 0-941011-04-6; & }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20

Dental Mercury}{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Detox}{\plain \f3\fs20 ,

Bio-Probe, Inc. http://www.bioprobe.com. (cases:FDA Patient Adverse Reaction

Reports-762, Dr.M.Hanson-Swedish patients-519, Dr. H. Lichtenberg-100 Danish

patients,Dr. P.Larose- 80 Canadian patients, Dr. R.Siblerud, 86 Colorado

patients,Dr.

A.V.Zamm, 22 patients)\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (213)\tab Dr. C. Kousmine, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Multiple

Scherosis is Curable}{\plain \f3\fs20 , 1995.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (214)\tab \'93Amalgam declared hazardous\'94, Dentistry Today,

February, 1989, p1.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (215)\tab K.W. Sehnert, \'93Autoimmune Disorders\'94, Advance,

Jan 1995, p47-48..\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (216)\tab T.W. son et al, in }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20

Biological Monitoring of Toxic Metals}{\plain \f3\fs20 , 1988,Plenum Press,

N.Y., \'93The prediction of intake of

mercury vapor from amalgams\'94,p199-246 & p247-260; Environmental Health

Perspective, 1993,April, 100:31-8; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 F.L.

Lorscheider et al, Lancet, 1991, 337,p1103.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (217)\tab Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry,

U.S. Public Health Service, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Toxicological Profile for

Mercury }{\plain \f3\fs20 , 1999; &

Apr 19,1999 Media Advisory, New MRLs for toxic substances, MRL:elemental mercury

vapor/inhalation/chronic & MRL:

methy mercury/ oral/acute; & http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mrls.html}{\plain \f3\fs20

..\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (218)\tab U.S. Dept. Of Health, ASTDR ToxFAQ CAS#

7349-97-6.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (219)\tab D.E. Cutright et al, Dept. Of Prosthodontics, Temple

Univ.\'93Systemic mercury levels caused by inhaling mist during high-speed

amalgam grinding\'94, J Oral Med 28(4):100-104,1973 ; & A.Nimmo et al,

\'93Inhalation during removal of amalgam

restorations\'94, J Prosthet Dent, 63(2):1990 Feb, 228-33.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (220)\tab Sellars WA, Sellars R. Univ. Of Texas Southwestern

Medical School}{\plain \f3\fs20 \'93Methyl mercury in dental amalgams in the

human

mouth\'94, Journal of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine 1996; 6(1): 33-37; &

C Arch Environmental Health, 19,891-905,

Dec 1969.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (221)\tab R. Golden et al, Duke Univ., \'93Dementia and

Alzheimer\'92s Disease\'94, Minnesota Medicine, 78:p25-29, 1995.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (222)\tab M. Daunderer, }{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain \f3\fs20

}{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Handbuch der}{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20

Amalgamvergiftung}{\plain \f3\fs20 , Ecomed Verlag, Landsberg 1998, ISBN

3\_609\_71750\_5 (in German);

}{\plain \f3\fs20 & \'93Improvement of Nerve and Immunological Damages after

Amalgam Removal\'94, Amer. J. Of Probiotic Dentistry and

Medicine, Jan 1991; }{\plain \f3\fs20 & Toxicologische erfahrungen am

menchen; Quecksilber in der umwelf-hearing zum

amalgamproblem\'94,Niedersachsiscles Umweltministerium, 1991; & \'93Amalgam\'94,

Ecomed-Verlag, Landsberg, 1995; &

\'93Amalgamtest\'94, Forum Prakt.Allgen.Arzt, 1990, 29(8): 213-4; &

\'93Besserung von Nerven- und Immunschaden nach

Amalgamsanierung\'94,Dtsch.Aschr. F. Biologische Zahnmedzin, 1990, 6(4):152-7. (

amalgam removal & DMPS,over 3,000

cases)}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (223)\tab Nicholson et al, \'93Mercury Nephrotoxicity\'94,

Nature Vol 304: 633, 1983; & Friberg et al, \'93Kidney injury after chronic

exposure to inorganic mercury\'94, Archives of Environ Health, Vol 15:p64,

1967; & Kazantis et al, \'93Nephrotic Syndrome

Following Exposure to Mercury\'94, Quarterly J. Of Medicine, Vol 31: 403-418,

1962; & L.H.Lash, Environmental Health

Perspective,1994,102(11).\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (224)\tab M.S. , Amer. J. Of Obstetrics and Gynecology,

vol 143, No 4:440- 443, 1982.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (225)\tab S. Yannai et al, \'93Transformationss of inorganic

mercury by candida albicans and saccharomyces cerevisiae\'94, Applied Envir

Microbiology,1991, 7:245-247; }{\plain \f3\fs20 & N.E.Zorn et al, \'93 A

relationship between Vit B-12, mercury uptake, and methylation\'94, Life

Sci, 1990, 47(2):167-73; & W.P.Ridley et al, Environ Health Perspectives, 1977,

Aug 19, 43-6; & R.E.DeSimone et al,

Biochem Biophys Acta, 1973,May 28; & Yamada, Tonomura}{\plain \f1\fs20

\'93}{\plain \f3\fs20 Formation of methyl Mercury Compounds from inorganic

Mercury by Chlostridium cochlearium\'94 J Ferment Technol1972

50:159\_1660}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (226)\tab (a)B.J. Shenker et al, Dept. Of Pathology,Univ. Of

Penn. School of Dental Med.,\'94Immunotoxic effects of mercuric

compounds on human lymphocytes and monocytes:Alterations in cell viability\'94

Immunopharmacologicol Immunotoxical,

1992, 14(3):555-77; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 M.A. et al, \'93Mercuric chloride

induces apoptosis in human T lymphocytes\'94, Toxicol Appl

Pharmacol, 153(2):250\_7 1998; & Rossi AD,Viviani B, Vahter M. Inorganic

mercury modifies Ca2+ signals, triggers

apoptosis, and potentiates NMDA toxicit in cerebral granule neurons. Cell Death

and Differentiation 1997; 4(4):317-24.

}{\plain \f3\fs20 & Goering PL, D, Rojko JL, Lucas AD. Mercuric

chloride-induced apoptosis is dependent on protein synthesis.

Toxicol Lett 1999; 105(3): 183-95; }{\plain \f3\fs20 , }{\plain \f3\fs20 & (

B.J. Shenker et al}{\plain \f3\fs20 \'93Immune suppression of human T-cell

activation\'94,

Immunopharmacologicol Immunotoxical, 1992, 14(3):555-77, & 14(3):539-53; &

1993, 15(2-3):273-90;}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (227)\tab Dr. Pierre blais, Health Canada, 1976 & Discovery,

Feb 1997 (TV,Quebec)\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (228)\tab Dr. T. Rau, Paracelsus Alergy Clinic, Lustmuhle,

Switzerland,1996(www); & \par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\\

tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 Dr. B. Shelton, Director, The Allergy Center, Phoenix, Arizona,

in (293); & \par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\\

tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 E. Cutler,}{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Winning the War against Asthma &

Allergies}{\plain \f3\fs20 , DAMS()\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (229)\tab M.,editor, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Defense Against

Mystery Syndromes\'94}{\plain \f3\fs20 , Chek Printing Co., & \par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\\

tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 March, 1994(case histories documented)\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (230)\tab S. , M.D., }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Chemical

Sensitivity}{\plain \f3\fs20 , Keats Publishing,\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (231)\tab Larsen,A.H. et al,\'93Mercury Discharge in Waste

Water from Dental Clinics\'94 Water Air and Soil Pollution, Jan 1996: 86(1-4):

93-99 ; & Rubin, P.G. et al, Archives of Environmental Health, Juul 1996;

51(4):335-337; & A. Lindvall et al, \'93Mercury in

the Dental Practice: Contamination of Ambient Air and Waste Water, FDI World

Dental Congress, Aug19,1993,

Goteborg,Swe \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (232)\tab Adolph Coors Foundation, \'93Coors Amalgam Study:

Effects of placement and removal of amalgam fillings\'94, 1995. (www) &

Internations DAMS Newsletter, p17, Vol VII, Issue 2, Spring 1997. (31 cases)\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (233)\tab Sven Langworth et al,\'94Amalgamnews and

Amalgamkadefonden, 1997 and Svenska Dogbladet,1997 (286 cases); &

F.Berglund,Bjerner/Helm,Klock,Ripa,Lindforss,Mornstad,Ostlin), \'93Improved

Health after Removal of dental amalgam

fillings\'94, Swedish Assoc. Of Dental Mercury Patients, 1998. (www.tf.nu)

(over 1000 cases) (Sweden has banned amalgam

fillings & Gov\'92t maintains health records on all citizens)\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (234)\tab P.E. Bigazzi, \'93Autoimmunity and Heavy Metals\'94,

Lupus, 1994; 3: 449-453; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 Pollard KM, Pearson Dl, Hultman P.

Lupus-prone mice as model to study xenobiotic-induced autoimmunity. Envriron

Health Perspect 1999; 107(Suppl 5): 729-735;

& }{\plain \f3\fs20 Nielsen JB; Hultman P. Experimental studies on genetically

determined susceptibility to mercury\_induced autoimmune

response. Ren Fail 1999 May\_Jul;21(3\_4):343\_8.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (235)\tab H.J.Hamre, Mercury from Dental Amalga and Chronic

Fatigue Syndrom\'94, The CFIDS Chronicle, Fall 1994, p44-47.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (236)\tab G.J., American Academy of Head,Neck, and Facial

Pain, Oct 21, 1994\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (237)\tab H.D., The calcium-selenium-mercury connection

in cancer and heart disease\'94, Hypotheses, 1997, 48(4):335-60.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (238)\tab World Health Organizaition Scientific Panel Members(

Dr. Lars Friburg- chairman, Dr. Fritz Lorscheider, Professor of

Medical Physiology, Univ. Of Calgary; Dr. Murray Vimy, Professor of Oral Biology

and Dental Medicine, Univ. Of Calgary

Medical School. ***\par

}\pard

\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\t\

x7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 Dr. Vasken Aposhian, Dept. Head, Molecular and Cellular

Biology, Univ. Of Arizona; Dr. Eggleston, Univ. Of

Califoria, researcher on mercury in the brain; Dr. Boyd Haley, Univ. Of Kentucky

reasearcher on mercury in the brain and

Alzheimer\'92s Disease ( http://www.altcorp.com/); Dr. Gustav Drasch, Univ. Of

Munich, reaearcher on mercury in brains of

dead infants and fetuses; Dr. D. Echeverria, Neuro-Toxicologist, researcher on

reproductive problems and birth defects in

dental workers; BBC Panorama Program on Dental Amalgam:\'94The Poison in Your

Mouth\'94, June 1994.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (239)\tab J.M.Varga et al, \'93High incidence of cross

stimulation by natural allergens of rat basophilic lekemia cells sensitized

with IgE

antibodies\'94, Int Arch Allergy Immunol, 1995, 108(2):196-9; & J.H.Gainer,

\'93Activation of Rauscher leukemia virus by

metals\'94, J Natl Cancer Inst, 1973, 51(2).609-13.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (240)\tab K.W. Hinkleman et al, \'93Mercury release during

ultrasonic scaling of amalgam\'94, J Dent Res. 74(SE):131, Abstract 960,

1995;\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (241)\tab R.Schoeny, U.S.EPA, \'93Use of genetic toxicology

data in U.S. EPA risk assessment: the mercury study\'94, Environ Health

Perspect, 1996, 104, Supp 3: 663-73; & C.H.Lee et al, \'93Genotoxicity of

phenylHg acetate in humans as compared to other

mercury compounds\'94, 392(3):269-76. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (242)\tab J.Constantinidis et al, Univ. Of Geneva Medical

School, \'93Hypothesis regarding amyloid and zinc in the pathogenisis of

Alzheiemer Disease\'94, Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord , 1991, 5(1):31-35 & G.

Bjorklund, \'93Can mercury cause

Alzheimer\'92s\'94,Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen,1991 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (243)\tab P.R. et al, National Research Council of

Canada, \'93Effects of aluminum and mercury on the structure of

chromatin\'94,

Biochemistry, May 2 1989, 28(9):3911-3915.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (244)\tab H.Basun et al, Dept. Of Geriatric Medicine, Huddinge

Hospital, Sweden, \'93Trace metals in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in

Alzheimer\'92s disease\'94, J Neural Transm Park Dis Dement Sect 1991;

3(4):231-\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (245)\tab P.Lokken, \'93Lethal mercury poisoning in a dental

assistant\'94, Nor Tannlaegeforen Tid, Apr 1971, 81(4):275-288 & R.

Wronski et al, \'93A case of panarteritis nodoa assciated with chronic mercury

poisoning\'94, Dtsch Med Wohenschr, Mar 1977,

102(9):323-325.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (246)\tab K.Iyer et al, \'93Mercury Poisoning in a dentist\'94,

Arch Neurol,1976, 33:788-790.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (247)\tab E.C.Lonnroth et al, \'93Adverse health reactions in

skin, eyes, and respiratory tract among dental personnel in Sweden\'94, Swed

Dent J, 1998, 22(1-2): 33-45; & L.Kanerva et al,\'94Occupational contact

urticaria\'94, Contact Dermatitis, 1996, 35(4): 229-33.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (248)\tab Y.Finkelstein,\'93The enigma of parkinsonism in

chronic borderline mercury intoxication, resolved by challenge with

penicillamine. Neurotoxicology, 1996, Spring, 17(1): 291-5.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (249)\tab C.H.Ngim et al, Dept. of Occupational Medicine, Univ.

Of Singapore,\'93Chronic neurobehavioral effects of elemental mercury

in dentists\'94, Brithish Journal of Industrial Medicine, 1992;

49(11):782-790.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (250)\tab B.A.Rybicki et al,\'94Parkinson's disease mortality

and the industrial use of heavy metals in Michigan\'94, Mov Disord, 1993, 8:1,

87\_92. & Yamanaga H, \'93Quantitative analysis of tremor in Minamata

disease\'94, Tokhoku J Exp Med, 1983 Sep, 141:1, 13\_22\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (251)\tab Y.Omura et al, Heart Disease Research Foundation,

NY,NY, \'93Role of mercury in resistant infections and recovery after Hg

detox with cilantro\'94, Acupuncture & Electro-Theraputics Research,

20(3):195-229, 1995; & \'93Mercury exposure from silver

fillings\'94, Acupunture & Electrotherapy Res, 1996, 133- \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (252)\tab B.J.Shenker et al, Dept. of Pathology, Univ. of

Pennsylvania, \'93Immunotoxic effects of mercuric compounds on human

lymphoctes and monocytes: Alterations in cellular glutathione content\'94,

Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 1993, 15(2-3):273-90.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (253) S.Langworth et al, \'93Exposure to mercury vapor and

impact on health in the dental profession in Sweden\'94, J Dent Res, 1997,

76(7):1397-404.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (254) al-Saleh I, Shinwari N. Urinary mercury levels in

females: influence of dental amalgam fillings. Biometals 1997; 10(4):

315-23.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (255)\tab D.C. Rice, \'93Evidence of delayed neurotoxicity

produced by methylmercury developmental exposure\'94, Neurotoxicology, Fall

1996, 17(3-4), p583-96.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (256)\tab D.B.Alymbaevaet al, Med Tr Prom Ekol, 6:13-15, 1995

(Russian)\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (257)\tab I. et al, \'93Pteridines and mono-amines:

relevance to neurological damage\'94, Postgrad Med J, 62(724): 113-123,

1986}{\plain \f3\fs20 ;

& A.D.Kay et al, \'93Cerebrospinal fluid biopterin is decreased in

Alzheimer\'92s disease\'94, Arch Neurol, 43(10): 996-9, Oct

1986; & T.Yamiguchi et al, \'93Effects of tyrosine administreation on serum

bipterin In patients with Parkinson\'92s Disease

and normal controls\'94, Science, 219(4580):75-77, Jan 1983; & T.Nagatsu et al,

\'93Catecholoamine-related enzymes and the

biopterin cofactor in Parkinson\'92s\'94, Neurol, 1984, 40: 467-73.}{\plain

\f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (258)\tab J.M.Aguiar et al, \'93Heavy metals and antibiotic

resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from ambulatory patients\'94, Chemother,

1990, 2(4):238-40.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (259)\tab C.K.Mittal et al, \'93Interaction of heavy metals

with the nitric oxide synthase\'94, Mol Cell Biochem,149-150:263-5, Aug 1995;

& J.P.Bolanos et al, \'93Nitric Oxide mediated mitochondrial damage in the

brain\'94, \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (260)\tab J.S. Woods et al, \'93Urinary porphyrin profiles as

biomarker of mercury exposure: studies on dentists\'94, J Toxicol Environ

Health, 40(2-3):1993, p235-; & \'93Altered porphyrin metabolites as a biomarker

of mercury exposure and toxicity\'94, Physiol

Pharocol, 1996,74(2):210-15, & Canadian J Physiology and Pharmacology, Feb

1996; & M.D. et al, \'93Validity of

urine samples for low-level mercury exposure assessment and relationship to

porphyrin and creatinine excretion rates\'94, J

Pharmacol Exp Ther, Apr 1996 & J.S. Woods et al, \'93Effects of Porphyinogenic

Metals on Coproporphrinogen Oxidase in

Liver and Kidney\'94 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol 97, 183-190,

1989.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (261)\tab New Scientist: This Week, Nov 22, 1997, p4 (and

editorial), and Jan 10, 1998; and Neurotoxicology and Teratology, Jan

1998, Vol 19, p417.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (262)\tab Chang LW, \'93The neurotxicology and pathology of

organomercury, organolead, and organotin\'94 J Toxicol Sci, 1990, 15 Suppl

4: 125-51; & \'93Latent effects of methyl mercury on the nervous system after

prenatal exposure\'94, Environ Res 1977, 13(2):

171-85.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (263)\tab H.Iioka et al, \'93The effect of inorganic mercury on

placental amino acid transport\'94, Nippon sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi,

1987, 39(2): 202-6.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (264) }{\plain \f3\fs20 B.R. sson et al, \'93

\'94Behavioral effects of prenatal metallic mercury inhalation exposure in

rats\'94, Neurotoxicol Teratol, \tab 1993, 15(6): 391-6; & A. Fredriksson et

al,\'94Prenatal exposure to metallic mercury vapour and methylmercury produce

\tab interactive behavioral changes in adult rats\'94, Neurotoxicol Teratol,

1996, 18(2): 129-34; & \'93Behavioral effects of neonatal \tab metallic mercury

exposure in rats\'94, Toxicology, 1992, 74(2-3):151\_160;}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (265)\tab K.Lohmann et al, \'93Multiple Chemical Sensitivity

Disorder in patients with neuroltoxic illnesses\'94, Gesundheitswesen, 1996,

58(6):322-31.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (266)\tab N.Matsuo et al, \'93Mercury concentration in organs

of contemporary Japanese\'94, Environ Health, 1989, 44(5): 298-303; &

R.Schiele et al, \'93Study on the normal mercury concentrations of human

organs\'94, Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg (,

1981, 173(1-2_:45-62; & T. Suzuki et al, \'93The hair-organ relationship in

mercury concentration in contemporary Japan\'94,

Arch Environ Health, 1993, 48(4):221-9; & K.Schmid et al, Zentralbl Hyg

Umweltmed, 1996,199(1):24-37,\'94Hazardous

burden by country\'94\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (267)\tab R. Brun, ,Epideology of ... Contact Dermatitis,

1975, 1(4):214-217; & \par

}\pard

\li1440\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\\

tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 L.Nebenfuhrer et al, \'93Hg allergy ...\'94,Contact

Dermatitis,1984, 10(2):121-\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (268)\tab J.J.Weening et al, \'93mercury induced immune complex

glomerulopathy\'94, Chap 4, p36-66, VanDendergen, 1980, & P.Duuet et

al, \'93Glomerulonephritis induced by heavy metals\'94, Arch Toxicol.

50:187-194,1982 & Transplantation Proceedings,Vol

XIV(3),1982,482-\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (269)\tab (a)C.J.G. et al, \'93Mercuric chloride

induced anitnuclear antibodies In mice\'94, Toxic Appl Pharmacology, 1986,

86:159-169. & ( P.Andres, IgA-IgG disease in the intestines of rats

al, J Immun.,136(9), 3272-3276, 1986 & (d)J.Immun.,136(9):3277-3281; & (e)J

Immun.,

137(8),1986,2548- & (f)Cossi et al, \'93Benefiecial effect of human

therapeutic IV-Ig in mercury indueced autoimune disease\'94

Clin Exp Immunol, Apr, 1991; & (g)El-Fawai HA, Waterman SJ, De Feo A, Shamy MY.

Neuroimmunotoxicology: Humoral

Assesment of Neurotoxicity and Autoimmune Mechinisms. Contact Dermatitis 1999;

41(1): 60-1. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (270)\tab D.W.Eggleston, \'93Effect of dental amalgam and

nickel alloys on T-lympocytes\'94,J Prosthet Dent. 51(5):617-623,1984; &

D.W.Eggleston et al, J Prosthet Dent, 1987,58(6),704-7; & J of the American

Medical Assoc., Sept 96; }{\plain \f3\fs20 & }{\plain \f3\fs20 Tan XX, Tang

C,

Castoldi AF, Costa Lg. Effects of inorganic and organic me}{\plain \f3\fs20

rcury on intracellular calcium levels in rat T lymphocytes. J

Toxicol Environ Health 1993, 38(2):159-70.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (271)\tab B.A.Weber, \'93The Marburg Amalgam Study\'94, Arzt

und Umwelt, Apr, 1995; (266 cases) & ( \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 B.A. Weber, \'93Amalgam and Allergy\'94, Institute

}\pard

\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\t\

x7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 B.A. Weber, \'93Conuctivitis sicca(dry eye study)\'94,}{\plain

\f3\fs20 Institute for Naturopathic Medicine, 1994;}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\t\

x7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain \f3\fs20\lang1031 B.A.Weber, \'93Alternative treatment

of Multiple Schlerosis, Tumor, or Cancer\'94, Institute for Naturopathic

Medicine 1997

(40 MS cases),

http://home,t\_online.de/home/Institut_f._Naturheilverfahren/patinf.htm "

}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (272)\tab }{\plain \f3\fs20 BJ Shenker, \'93Induction of

apoptosis in human T-cells by methyl mercury\'94, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,

1999,157(1):23-35;

Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol, 1992; 14(3):555-77; & Immunotoxicol, 1992,

14(3):539-53; & \'93Low-level MeHg

exposure causes human T-cells to undergo apoptosis: evidence of mitochondrial

disfunction\'94, Environ Res, 1998, 77(2):149-159; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 O.Insug

et al, \'93Mercuric compounds inhibit hunan moncyte function by inducing

apoptosis: evidence for formation of

reactive oxygen species(ROS), development of mitochondrial membrane

permeability, and loss of reductive reserve\'94,

Toxicology, 1997, 124(3):211-24; }{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (273)\tab R.Schiele et al, Institute of Occupational Medicine,

Univ. Of Erlamgem- Nurnberg, \'93Studies of organ mercury content related

to number of amalgam fillings\'94,Symposium paper, March 12, 1984, Cologne,

Germany; ( & 38); & \'93Quecksilber-Mobiliztion

durch DMPS bei Personen mit und ohne Amalgamfullungen\'94, Zahnarztl. Mitt,

1989, 79(17): 1866-1868; & J.J.Kleber,

\'93Quecksilberverkonzen- tration im Urin nach DMPS\'94 in [status Quo and

Perspectives of Amalgam], L.T. Friberg(ed.),

Georg-Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 1005, p 61-69.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (274)\tab L.Friberg et al, \'93Mercury in the brain and CNS in

relation to amalgam fillings\'94, Lakartidningen, 83(7):519-521,1986(Swedish

Medical Journal); & T.Suzuki etal, Ind Health,4:69-75,1966.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (275)\tab L.M.Mikhailova et al, \'93Influence of occupational

factors on disease of reproductive organs\'94, Pediatriya Akusherstvoi

Ginekologiya,33(6):56-58,1971\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (276) }{\plain \f3\fs20 ATSDR/EPA Priority List for 1999: Top

20 Hazardous Substances, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry,U.S.

\tab \tab Department of Health and Human Services,

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/99list.html}{\plain \f3\fs20 ; }{\plain \f3\fs20 &

U.S. Environmental Protection \tab \tab Agency, Hazardous Air Pollutant Hazard

Summary Fact Sheets, EPA: In Risk Information System, 1995.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (278)\tab NIDR/ADA Workshop, Biocompatibility of Metals in

Dentistry, JADA, 109(3): 469-471, Sept 1984. ( & 38)\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (279)\tab M.J. et el, \'93Mercury in human hair;

residents of Madrid, Spain\'94, Arch Environ Health, 1985, 40(4):225-8; &

D.Airey, Mercury in human hair: a review\'94 Environmental Health

Perspectives,1983. 52:303-316; & \'93Total mercury

concentrations in human hair form 13 coutnries\'94, Sci Total Environ 1983,

32(2): 157-80; & S.A.Katz et al, \'93Use of hair

analysis for evaluating mercury intoxication of the human body\'94, J Appl

Toxicol, 1992, 12(2): 79-84..\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (280)\tab S.Nonaka et al, Nat. Inst. of Mental Health, Bethesda

Md., \'93Lithium treatment protects neurons in CNS from glutamate

induced excitibility and calcium influx\'94, Neurobiology, Vol

95(5):2642-2647, Mar 3, 1998.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (281)\tab T.W. son et al, \'93Transport of elemental

mercury into fetal tissues\'94, Biol. Neonate. 21:239-244, 1972; }{\plain

\f3\fs20 &

}{\plain \f3\fs20 M.R.Greenwood et al, \'93Transfer of metallic mercury into the

fetus\'94, Experientia, 28:1455-1456, 1972;}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (282)\tab Press Release, Swedish Council for Planning and

Coordinating Research (FRN), Stockholm, 19 February, 1998.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (283)\tab A.Ahlbom et al, \'93Dentists, dental nurses, and

brain tumors\'94, British Medical Journal, Vol292, March 8, 1986, p262.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (284)\tab R.Glass, \'93Mortality of New England Dentists\'94,

U.S. Dept. Of Health, Public Health Service, Washington D.C., 1966; &

R. Simpson et al, \'93Suicide rates of Iowa dentists\'94, J. Of Amer. Dental

Assoc.,1983,v107:441-; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 B.B.Arnetz et al,

\'93Suicide among Swedish Dentists\'94, Scand J Soc Med, 1987,

15(4):243-6.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (285)\tab R.C.Perlingeiro et al, \'93Polymorphonuclear

phagentosis in workers exposed to mercuryvapor\'94, Int J

Immounopharmacology\'94, 16(12):1011-7,1994; & Hum Exp Toxicol 1995,

14(3):281-6; & M.L. Queiroz et al,

Pharmacol Toxicol, 1994, 74(2):72-5; & ( J.W.Albers et al, \'93Neurological

abnormalities associated with remote

occupational elemental mercury exposure\'94,Ann Neurol 1988, 24(5):651-9 ; &

\'a9 L.Soleo et al, \'93Effects of low exposure

to inorganic mercury on pyschological performance\'94, Br J Ind Med, 1990,

47(2):105-9; & (d)P.J. et al, \'93Effect of

exposure to elemental mercury on short term memory\'94, Br J Ind Med 1983,

40(4):413-9.; & (e)M.S.Hua et al, \'93Chronic

elemental mercury intoxication\'94, Brain Inj, 1996, 10(5):377-84; & (f) Gunther

W, et al, \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab \tab Repeated neurobehavioral investigations in workers

...., Neurotoxicology 1996; 17(3-4):605-14.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (286)\tab M. Lai et al, \'93Sensitivity of MS detections by

MRI\'94, Journal of Neurology, Neruosurgury, and Psychiatry, 1996,

60(3):339-341.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (287)\tab M.C. Newland et al,\'94Behavioral consequences of in

utero exposure to mercury vapor in squirrel monkeys\'94, Toxicology &

Applied Pharmacology, 1996, 139: 374-386; & \'93Prolonged behavioral effects of

in utero exposure to methyl mercury or

lead\'94, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 1994, 126(1):6-15;\par

}\pard

\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\t\

x7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 & K.Warfvinge et al, \'93Mercury distribution in neonatal

cortical areas ...after exposure to mercury vapor\'94, Environmental

Research, 1994, 67:196-208.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (288)\tab Rajanna B, Hobson M, L, Ware L, Chetty CS.

Effects of cadmium and mercury on Na(+)-K(+)ATPase and

uptake of 3H-dopamine in rat brain synaptosomes. Arch Int Physiol Biochim 1990,

98(5):291-6; & M.Hobson &

B.Rajanna, \'93Influence of mercury on uptake of dopamine and

norepinephrine\'94, Toxicol Letters, Dep 1985, 27:2-3:7-14; &

McKay SJ, Reynolds JN, Racz WJ. Effects of mercury compounds on the

spontaneous and potassium-evoked release of

[3H]dopamine from mouse striatial slices. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1986,

64(12):1507-14.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (289)\tab J.Mai et al, Biological Trace Element

Research,1990;24:109-117.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (290)\tab D. Echeverria et al, \'93Neurobehavioral effects from

exposure to dental amalgam: new distinctions between recent

exposure and Hg body burden\'94 FASEB J, Aug 1998, 12(11):971-980; &

Amalgam and Health,

Swedish Council for Planning and Coordination of Research, 1999; p297-307.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (291)\tab H.A.Huggins & TE Levy, \'93cerebrospinal fluid

protein changes in MS after Dental amalgam removal\'94, Alternative Med

Rev, Aug 1998, 3(4):295-300.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (292)\tab M.Daunderer, H.Schiwara, et al, Quecksilber,

Methylquecksilber, ... in Korpermaterial von Amalgamtrager\'94, Klin Lab 38,

391-403,1992; & M.Gradl et al, in }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Akute und chronische

Toxizitat von Spurenelemente,}{\plain \f3\fs20 Wissenschaftliche

Verlagsgesellschaft nbH, Stuttgart, 1993, p65-71; & A.Gebhardt, Ermittlung der

Quecksilberbelastung aus

Amalgamfullurngen, Labormedizin 16,384-386,1992; & R.Mayer et al, \'93Zur

Ermittlung de Quecksilberfreisetzung aus

Amalgamfullungen\'94, Die Quintessenz 45, 1143-1152,1994; & K.Mayer,

\'93Risikobestimmung der Amalgambelastung\'94,

ZWR, 105(4):213-218 & 105(5):280-283; & \'93Amalgam: zeitbombe in mund?\'94,

ZWR, 1995,104(3):209-214; & JGD

Birkmayer et al, \'93Quecksilberdepots im Organismus korrelieren mit der Anzahl

der Amalgamfullungen\'94, Biol.

Zahnmedizin, 1990, 6(2):57-61. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (293)\tab H.Huggins,Burton Goldberg, & Editors of Alternative

Medicine Digest,}{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Chronic Fatigue Fibromyalgia &

Environmental

Illness}{\plain \f3\fs20 , Future Medicine Publishing, Inc, 1998, p197-;

& }{\plain \f3\fs20 U.Dorffer, \'93Anorexia Hydragyra: ...\'94,

Monatsschr.

Kinderheilkd., 1989, 137(8): 472. }{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (294)\tab \'93Do amalgam fillings influence manic

depression?\'94,Journal of Orthomol. Medicine}{\plain \f4\fs20 , }{\plain

\f3\fs20 1998,

http://www.depression.com/news/news_981116.htm.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (295)\tab Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 20th Ed., & Plum,

W.B. Saunders and Company, Philadelphia, 1996, p 69; &

Comprehensive Psychiatry, 18(6), 1977, pp595-598, & }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20

Poisoning & Toxicology Compendium,}{\plain \f3\fs20 Leikin and Palouchek,

Lexi-Comp., Cleveland, 1998; & on\'92s Principles Of Internal Medicine,

14th Ed., McGraw-Hill, N.y., 1998.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (296) L.Bucio et al, Uptake, cellular distribution and DNA

damage produced by mercuric chloride in a human fetal hepatic cell line. \tab

\tab Mutat Res 1999 Jan 25;423(1\_2):65\_72; & L.Verschaeve et al,

\'93Comparative in vitro cytogenetic studies in mercury-exposed \tab human

lymphocytes\'94, Muta Res, 1985, 157(2-3):221-6; & L.Verschaeve,\'93Genetic

damage induced by low level mercury \tab \tab exposure\'94, Envir

Res,12:306-10,1976. \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (297)\tab P.E.Schneider et al, \'93Mercury release from

Dispersalloy amalgam\'94, IADR Abstrats, #630, 1982; & N.Sarkar, \'93Amalgamtion

reaction of Dispersalloy Reexamined\'94, IADR Abstracts #217, 1991; & N.K.

Sarkar et al, IADR Abstracts # 895, 1976; &

R.S.Mateer et al, IADR Abstracts #240, 1977; & N.K.Sarkar et al, IADR

Abstracts, #358, 1978; & N.W. Rupp et al,

IADR Abstracts # 356, 1979.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (298)\tab C. Toomvali, \'93Studies of mercury vapor emission

from different dental amalgam alloys\'94, LIU-IFM-Kemi-EX 150, 1988; &

A.Berglund,\'94A study of the release of mercury vapor from different types of

amalgam alloys\'94, J Dent Res, 1993, 72:939-946; & D.B.Boyer, \'93Mercury

vaporization from corroded dental amalgam\'94 Dental Materials, 1988, 4:89-93;

& V.Psarras et

al, \'93Effect of selenium on mercury vapour released from dental amalgams\'94,

Swed Dent J, 1994, 18:15-23; & L.E.Moberg,

\'93Long term corrosion studies of amalgams and Casting alloys in

contact\'94, Acta Odontal Scand 1985, 43:163-177; & L.E.

Moberg, \'93Corrosion products from dental alloys\'94, Published Dissertation,

Stockholm, 1985.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (299)\tab H. Lichtenberg, \'93Mercury vapor in the oral cavity

in relation to the number of amalgam fillings and chronic mercury

poisoning\'94, Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine, 1996, 11:2, 87-94.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (300)\tab C.Hock et al, \'93Increased blood mercury levels in

patients with Alzheimer\'92s disease\'94, J. Neural Transm, 1998,

105(1):59-68.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (301)\tab Chang LW, Neurotoxic effects of mercury, Environ.

Res.,1977, 14(3):329-73; & Histochemical study on the localization

and distribution of mercury in the nervous system after mercury intoxication,

Exp Neurol, 1972, 35(1):122-37; &

Ultrastructural studies of the nervous system after mercury intoxication,

}{\plain \f3\fs20 Acta Neuropathol(Berlin), 1972, 20(2):122-38 and

20(4):316-34.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (302)\tab D, Klinghardt, IAOMT Conference & tape, 1998;

\'93large study by M.Daunderer(Germany) of MS patients after amalgam

removal\'94.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (303) H.V.Aposhian et al, \'93Mobilization of Mercury in Humans

by DMPS\'94, Envir. Health Perspectives, Vol 106, Supp. 4, Aug.1998;

\tab \tab & Toxicology, 1995, 97(1-3): 23-38; & \'93Urinary Mercury after

Administration DMPS\'94, FASEB J., 6: 2472-2476, 1992.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (304)\tab M.J.Vimy et al, \'93Mercury from Maternal Silver

Tooth Fillings: a source of neonatal exposure\'94, Biological Trace Element

Research, 56: 143-52,1997.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (305)\tab S. Soederstroem et al, \'93The effect of mercury

vapor on chloinergic neurons in the fetal brain\'94,Developmental Brain

Research,85(1):96-108.1995; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 E.M. Abdulla et al,

\'93Comparison of neurite outgrowth with neurofilament protein levels In

neuroblastoma cells following mercuric oxide exposure\'94, Clin Exp Pharmocol

Physiol, 1995, 22(5): 362-3.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (306)\tab E.M.Oliveira et al, \'93Mercury effects on the

contractile activity of the heart muscle\'94, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,

1:86-91,1994;\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (307)\tab }{\plain \f3\fs20 Duhr EF, Pendergrass JC, Slevin JT,

Haley BE: HgEDTA complex inhibits GTP interactions with the E\_site of brain

beta\_tubulin. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 1993; 122 (2): \tab

273\_80.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (308)\tab N.Sorenson et al, \'93Prenatal methyl mercury

expsoure as a cardiovascular risk factor at 7 years of age\'94 Epidemiology,

1999, 10(4):370-4: & D.O.Marsh et al, \'93Fetal Mehylmercury Poisoning\'94, Ann

Neurol, 1980, 7:348-55.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (309)\tab The Tribune, Mesa, Az., 13 Apr 1998, ( Mills,

Apalachee Junction)\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (310)\tab R.L.Siblerud, \'93The relationship between mercury

from dental amalgam and the cardiovascular system\'94, Science of the

Total Envir., 1990, 99(1-2): 23-35.\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (311)\tab }{\plain \f2\fs20 Chang LW, Hartmann

HA,\'94Blood-brain barrier dysfunction in experimental mercury intoxication\'94.

Acta Neuropathol

(Berl) 1972;21(3):179-84; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 Ware RA, Chang LW, Burkholder PM,

\'93An ultrastructual study on the blood-brain barrier

disfunction following mercury intoxication\'94,Acta

Neurolpathol(Berlin),}{\plain \f3\fs20 1974,30(3): 211-214; & Prenatal and

neonatal

toxicology and pathology of heavy metals\'94 Adv Pharmacol Chemother., 1980,

17:195-231.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-720\li720\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (312)\tab Hanson, }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 The Key to

Ultimate Health}{\plain \f3\fs20 , 1999; & J.Lee(MD), }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20

What Your Doctor May Not Tell You About

Hormones}{\plain \f3\fs20 , DAMS, ()\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx57\

60\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (313) V.D.M.Stejskal et al, \'93Mercury-specific Lymphocytes:

an indication of mercury allergy in man\'94, J. Of Clinical

Immunology, 1996, Vol 16(1);31-40.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx57\

60\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (314) M.Goldman et al,1991,\'93Chemically induced autoimmunity

....\'94,Immunology Today,12:223-; & K. Warfyinge et al, \'93Systemic

autoimmunity due to mercury vapor exposure in genetically susceptible mice\'94,

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 1995, 132(2):299-309;}{\plain \f3\fs20 & L.M. Bagentose

et al, \'93Mercury induced autoimmunity in humans\'94, Immunol Res, 1999,20(1):

67-78; & \'93Mercury-induced autoimmunity\'94, Clin Exp Immunol, 1998,

114(1):9-12;}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx57\

60\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (315) B.Engin-Deniz et al,\'94Die queckssilberkonzentration im

spichel zehnjariger kinder in korrelation zur anzahl und Grobe iher

amalgamfullungen\'94, Zeitschrift fur Stomatologie,1992, 89:471-179;\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx57\

60\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (316) B.J.Shenker et al, Dept. Of Pathology, Univ. Of

Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, \'93Immunotoxic effects of mercuric

compounds on human lymphocytes and monocytes: Alterations in B-cell function and

viability\'94 Immunopharmacol

Immunotoxicol, 1993, 15(1):87-112; & J.R.Daum,\'94Immunotoxicology of mercury

and cadmium on B-lumphocutes\'94, Int J

Immunopharmacol, 1993, 15(3):383-94..\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx57\

60\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (317) S.Zinecker, \'93Amalgam: Quecksilberdamfe bis ins

Gehirn\'94, der Kassenarzt, 1992, 32(4):23; \'93Praxiproblem Amalgam\'94,

Der Allgermeinarzt, 1995,17(11):1215-1221. (1800 patients)\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7\

200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (318) V.Schneider, \'93Untersuchungen ...\'94, Dissertation,

furt, a>M.,1976.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx57\

60\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (319) H.D.Utt,\'93Mercury Breath\'94,Journal of Calif. Dental

Assoc., 1984,12(2):41; & ( A.V. Motorkina et al, \'93Hg release from

amalgam fillings into oral cavity\'94, Stomatologiiia(Mosk): 1997,

76(4):9-11.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx57\

60\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (320) U.F.Malt et al, \'93Physical and mental problems

attributed to dental amalgam fillings\'94, Psychosomatic medicine, 1997,

59:32-41. (99 cured) \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx57\

60\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (321) R.L.Siblerud, \'93Relationship between dental amalgam and

health\'94, Toxic Substances Journal, 1990b. 10:425-444; &

\'93Effects on health following removal of dental amalgams\'94, J Orthomolecular

Med,5(2): 95-106, & \'93Relationship betweem

amalgam fillings and oral cavity health\'94 Ann Dent, 1990, 49(2): 6-10, (86

cured)\par

}\pard

\fi-720\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx57\

60\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f4\fs20 }{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab (322) P.Engel, \'93Beobachtungen uber

die gesundheit vor und nach amalgamentfernug\'94,Separatdruck aus Schweiz.

Monatsschr

Zahnm. 1998, vol 108(8).(75 cases amalgam removal)

http://soho.globalpoint.ch/paul\_engel\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx57\

60\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (323) Dr. Kohdera, Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka Univ,

Internationsl Congress of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, EAACI,

Stockholm, June 1994; & Heavy Metal Bulletin, Vol 1, Issue 2, Oct 1994. (160

cases cured-eczema); &

P.Dallmann,\'94kon nen durch Quecksilber entstehen? PeDa_Eigenverisg, 1995; &

G. Ionescu, Biol Med, 1996, (2): 65-68; SS

Tsyganok, \'93Unithiol in treatment of dermatoses\'94, Vestn.Dermatol.Venerol.,

1978, (9): 67-69.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (324) D. Bangsi et al, \'93Dental amalgam and multiple

sclerosis\'94, International J of Epidemiology, 1998, Aug, 27(4):667-71; & E.

Mauch et al, \'93umweltgifte und multiple sklerose\'94, Der Allgremeinarzt,

1996, 20:2226-2220.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (325) B. Arvidson(Sweden), Inorganic mercury is transported

from muscular nerve terminals to spinal and brainstem motorneurons.

Muscle Nerve, 1992, 15(10);1089-94, & JD. Heavy metals and trace

elements in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Neurol Clin 1987 Feb;5(1):43\_60; & M. Su et al, Selective involvement of

large motor neurons in the spinal cord of rats

treated with methylmercury. J Neurol Sci,1998, 156(1):12-7; .\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (326) E.Baasch, \'93Is multiple sclerosis a mercury

allergy?\'94, Schweiz arch Neurol Neurochir Psichiatr, 1966, 98:1-19; & J.

Clausen,

\'93Mercury and MS\'94, Acta Neurol Scand, 1993;87:461-; & " Sur un cas de

mercurialisme chronique simulant la sclerose en

plaque " ,Nord med Ark Stockholm 1880 xii no 17 1\_48 1 pl & P. Le

Quesne,\'93Metal-induced diseases of the nervous

system\'94,1982,Br J Hosp Med,28:534- \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (327) G. Danscher et al, Environ Res, \'93Localization of

mercury in the CNS\'94, 1986, 41:29-43; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 Danscher G;

Horsted\_Bindslev P;

Rungby J. Traces of mercury in organs from primates with amalgam

fillings.}{\plain \f3\fs20 Exp Mol Pathol 1990;52(3):291\_9}{\plain \f3\fs20 ;

& }{\plain \f3\fs20

\'94Ultrastructural localization of mercury after expsoure to mercury

vapor\'94, Prog Histochem Cytochem, 1991, 23:249-255; &

R.Pamphlett et al, \'93Entry of low doses of mercury vapor into the nervous

system\'94, Neurotoxicology, 1998, 19(1):39-47; &

Pamphlett et al, \'93Oxidative damage to nucleic acids in motor neurons

containing Hg\'94, J Neurol Sci,1998,159(2):121-6. (rats &

primates)\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (328) P.McKeever et al, \'93Patterns of antigenic exproession

in human glioma cells\'94, Crit Rev Neurobiology, 1991, 6:119-147.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (329) B. Arvidson et al, Acta Neurol Scand, \'93Retograde

axonal transport of mercury in primary sensory neurons\'94 1990,82:324-237 &

Neurosci Letters, 1990, 115:29-32; & S.M. Candura et al, \'93Effects of

mercuryic chloride and methyly mercury on cholinergic

neuromusular transmission\'94, Pharmacol Toxicol 1997; 80(5): 218-24; & Castoldi

AF et al, \'93Interaction of mercury compounds

with muscarinic receptor subtypes in the rat brain\'94, Neurotoxicology 1996;

17(3-4): 735-41; & C Rouleau et al,

Environmeantal Science and Technology, Oct 1, 1999.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (330) C.M. Tanner et al,\'93Abnormal Liver Enzyme Metablolism

in Parkinson\'92s\'94,Neurology, 1991, 41(5): Suppl 2, 89-92; &

M.Watanabe et al, Amino Acids, 1998, 15(2): 143-50 & M.T.Heafield et al,

" Plasma cysteine and sulphate levels in

patients with Motor neurone disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Alzheimer's

Disease " , Neurosci Lett, 1990, 110(1\_2), 216,20; &

A.Pean et al, " Pathways of cysteine metabolism in MND/ALS " , J neurol Sci,

1994, 124, Suppl:59\_61.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (331) C.Gordon et al, \'93Abnormal sulphur oxidation in

systemic lupus erythrmatosus(SLE)\'94, Lancet, 1992,339:8784,25-6; & P.Emory et

al, \'93Poor sulphoxidation in patients with rheumatoid arthitis\'94, Ann Rheum

Dis, 1992, 51:3,318-20; & P.Emory et al, Br J

Rheumotol, 1992, 31:7,449-51.\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (332) M.J.Trepka et al, \'93Factors afftecting internal mercury

burdens among German children\'94, Arch Environ Health, 1997, 52(2):134-8; &

L.Soleo et al, \'93Influence of amalgam fillings on urinary mercury

excretion\'94(S.Italy), G Ital Med Lav Ergon,1998,20(2):

75-81 .\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (333) A.J.Freitas et al, \'93Effects of Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ on Ca2+

fluxes in the rat brain\'94, Brain Research, 1996, 738(2): 257-64; &

P.R.Yallapragoda et al,\'93Inhibition of calcium transport by Hg salts\'94 in

rat cerebellum and cerebral cortex\'94, J Appl toxicol, 1996,

164(4): 325-30; & E.Chavez et al, \'93Mitochondrial calcium release by

Hg+2 " ,J Biol Chem, 1988, 263:8, 3582-; A. Szucs

et al, Cell Mol Neurobiol, 1997,17(3): 273-8; & D.Busselberg, 1995, \'93Calcium

channels as target sites of heavy metals\'94,Toxicol

Lett, Dec;82\_83:255\_61; & Cell Mol Neurobiol 1994 Dec;14(6):675\_87;\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (334) T.Nguyen et al, Mol Immunol,1996,3(4):379-86; &

P.Eggleton etal, \'93Pathophysicological roles of calreticulin in autoimmune

disease\'94, Scand J Immunol, 1999, 49(5): 466-73.\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (335) A. Engqvist et al, \'93Speciation of mercury excreted in

feces from individuals with amalgam fillings\'94, Arch \tab Environ Health,

1998, 53(3):205-13; & Dept. of Toxicology & Chemistry, Stockholm Univ., National

Institute for Working

Life, 1998.(www.niwl.se/ah/1998-02.html)\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (336) G.S. Hill, \'93Drug Associated glomerulopathies\'94

Toxicol Pathol, 1986, 14(1):37-44; & \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab M.Monestier et al, European J Immunology, 1994, 29(3):

723-30.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (337) H.G. Abadin, et al, U.S. ATSDR, \'93Breast-feeding

exposure of infants to mercury, lead, and cadmium: A Public Health \tab

Perspective\'94, Toxicol Ind Health, 1997, 13(4): 495-517.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (338) W.Y.Boadi et al, Dept. Of Food Engineering and

Biotechnology, T-I Inst of Tech., Haifa, Israel, \'93In vitro effect of mercury

\tab on enzyme activities and its accumulation in the first-trimester human

placento\'94, Environ Res, 1992, 57(1):96-106; & \'93In vitro \tab exposure to

mercury and cadmium alters term human placental membrane fluidlty\'94,

Pharmacol, 1992, 116(1): 17-23; & \tab J.Urbach et al, Dept. of Obstetrics &

Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, \'93Effect of inorganic

mercury on in \tab vitro placental nutrient transfer and oxygen consumption\'94,

Reprod Toxicol, 1992,6(1):69-75; & W.B. Karp et al, \'93Correlation of \tab human

placental enzymatic activity with trace metal concentration in placenta\'94,

Environ Res. 13:470- 477,1977.\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (339) H.Drexler et al, \'93The mercury concentration in breast

milk resulting from amalgam fillings and dietary habits\'94, Environ Res,

1998, 77(2):124-9. \par

}\pard

\fi-9360\li9360\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\

\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (340) Herrman M. Schweinsberg F. \'93Mercury burden from

amalgam fillings\'94, Zentralbl Hyg Umweltmed, \tab 1993,194(3):271-91.\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (341) A.Tosti et al, \'93Contact stomatitis\'94, Semin Cutan

Med Surg, 1997, 16(4):314-9; & T.Nakada et al, \'93Patch test materials for

mercury allergic contact dematitis\'94, Dermatitis, 1997, 36(5):237-9.\par

}\pard

\fi-180\li180\sl0\tx180\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (342) V.Stejskal, \'93MELISA: A New Technology for Diagnosing

and Monitoring of Metal Sensitivity\'94, Proceedings: 33rd Annual

Meeting of American Acadamy of Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Baltimore,

land.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (343) P.L.Bigazzi, \'93Autoimmunity induced by metals\'94, in

Chang, L., }{\plain \ul\f3\fs20 Toxicology of Metals}{\plain \f3\fs20 ,

Publishers, CRC Press Inc. \tab 1996., p835-52.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (344) G.A.Caron et al, \'93Lymphocytes transformation induced

by inorganic and organic mercury\'94, Int Arch Allergy,1970, 37:76-\tab 87.\par

}\pard

\fi-8640\li8640\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\

\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (345) N.H.Nielsen et al, \'93The relationship between

IgE-mediated and cell-mediated hypersensities\'94, The\tab Glostrup Allergy

Study, \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab Denmark, British J of Dermatol, 1996, 134:669-72.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (346) Clauw DJ, \'93The pathogenesis of chronic pain and

fatigue syndroms: fibromyalgia\'94 Med Hypothesis, 1995, 44:369-78; & \tab

Hanson S, Fibromyalgia, glutamate, and mercury. Heavy Metal Bulletin, Issue

4, 1999, p5,6. \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (347) G.Benga \'93Water exchange through erythrocyte

membranes\'94 Neurol Neurochir Pol 1997 \tab Sep\_Oct;31(5):905\_13 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (348) A Kistner, \'93Quecksilbervergiftung durch Amalgam:

Diagnose und Therapie\'94 ZWR, 1995,104(5):412-417; & Mass C, Bruck \tab W.

\'93Study on the significance of mercury accumulation in the brain from dental

amalgam fillings through direct mouth-nose-\tab brain transport\'94, Zentralbl

Hyg Umweltmed 1996; 198(3): 275-91.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (349) M.Schaeffer et al, \'93Risikofaktor Amalgam-Ein

Problemstoff\'94,Schriftenreihe mweltmedizin, Forum Medizin \tab

Verlagsgesellschaft, 1996; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 (b)Nixon, DE, Mussmann GV, Moyer

TP. Inorganic, organic, and total mercury in blood \tab and urine. J Anal

Toxicol, 1996; 10(1): 17-22.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (350) F. Schweinsberg, \'93Risk estimation of mercury intake

from different sources\'94, Toxicol. Lett. 1994, 72: _45-51; & L.D. \tab

Pzheusskaia, \'93Disintoxication therapy of patients with nonspecific

inflammatory diseases of the the female genital organs\'94, \tab Akush. Ginekol

1977, (4): 30-34; \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (351) S.Halbach et al, \'93Thiol chelators and mercury effects

on isolated heart muscle\'94, Plzen.Lek. Sborn, 1990,62(Supp), 39-41, \tab 1990;

& \'93Sulhydryl-induced restoration of myocardial contractility after alteration

by mercury\'94, Arch. Toxicol. 63(Supp 13) \tab 349-352, 1989; & N.V.Klykov,

\'93Treatment of patients with mycardial infarction\'94,

Vrach.Delo.1979,(12):50-3; & \'93Treatment of \tab patients with chronic

circulatory insufficiencey\'94 Kardiologila, 1972,12(1):126-31.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (352) B.Arnold, Eigenschaften und Einsatzgebiete des

Chelatbildners:DMPS\'94, Z.Umweltmedizin 1997,5(1):38- ; & Diagnostik un \tab

Monitorung vonSchwermetallbelastungen,I,II, ZWR,1996, 105(10): 586-569 &

(11):665-; & Therapie der \tab Schwermetallbelastung, Mineraloscope,

1996,(1):22-23.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (353) P.P Guida, \'93Theraputic efficacy of unithiol in

Buschke\'92s scherodrma\'94, Vrach. Delo.1983, (8): 36-38; & A.A.Dubinskii et

al,

\tab \'93Morpholcial changes in the skin in scleroderma after treatment with

unithiol\'94, Vrach.Delo.1978, (10): 112-114.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (354) W.Behnke, \'93Kopfschmerz un Migrane: Schon mal an

Amalgam gegcht?\'94, Der Allgemeinarzt, 1995, 17(11): 1222-1223; & \tab

J.Lechner, \'93Quecksilberbelastung,...\'94, Dtsch. Z. Biol. Zahnmed. 1992,8(1):

8-14.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (355) W.Kostler, \'93Beeinflubung der zellularen Immunabwehr

drch Quecksilberfreisetzung\'94, Forum Prakt. Allgem. Arzt, 1991, \tab

30(2):62-3; & P.Schleicher, \'93Schwermetalle schadigen das Immunsystem\'94,

Mineraloscope, 1996, (1): 37; & \'93Immunschaden \tab durch Toxine\'94

Argumente+Fakten der Medizin, 1992, 05; & W. Scheicher, Dissertation,

Universitat Karlsruhe, 1977.\par

}\pard

\fi-8640\li8640\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\

\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (356) M.Daunderer, Die Amalgamvergiftung und ihre medizinische

Folgen\'94, Forum Prakt.Allgem.Arzt, \tab 1991, 30(2): 44-66; & \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab M.Daunderer, \'93Jugendicher starb an Amalgam\'94, Forum

Prakt.Allgen. Arzt, 29(11): 294\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (357) S.B.Elhassani, \'93The many faces of methylmercury

poisoning\'94, J Toxicol Clin Toxicol, 1982(8): 875-9; & N.Neuburger et al, \tab

\'93Kompendium Umweltmedizin\'94, MediVerlagsgesellschaft, Hamburg, 1996; & \par

}\pard

\li216\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\t\

x7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 O.Oster et al, \'93Die Pathobiochemie, Diagnose und Therapie

der Metall- und Metalloidintoxikation-2. Die

Quecksilberintoxikation, Intensivmed, 1985, 22(3):130-9 \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (358) N.I. Shtelmakh et al,\'93Comparative treatments of

rheumatoid arthities\'94, Vrasch. Delo.,1982, (1):49-52. \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (359) G. Tapparo, :Toxische Untersunchungen zu Amalgam\'94,

Die Zahn Arztwoche, 1992\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (360) Buchet JP, Lauwerys RR, Influence of DMPS on the

mobilization of mercury from tissues of rats \tab pretreated with \tab mercuric

chloride, phenylmercury acetate, or mercury vapor, Toxicology 1989;54(3):323-33

..(361) K.H.Friese, \'93Konnen \tab Amalgamplomben angebornene Innenohrschaden

verusachen?\'94, Therapeutikon, 1993, 7(11): 492-496; &

\'93Amalgamvergiftung-\tab moglicher Zusammenhang mit angeborener

Schwerhorlgkeit, Der Naturarzt, 1995, 135(8): 13-15; & E.Bonnet,

\'93Okopadiatrie-\tab Verbindung zur Naturheilkunde\'94, Arztezeitschr

Naturheikunde, 1995, 36(4): 272-78.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (362) G.Bohmer et al, \'93Quecksilber-Mobilisation mit dern

DMPS bei arztlichem und zahnarztlichem Personal im Vergleich\'94, Der \tab

Artikulator(30): 11-12, 1989; & W.Legrum, \'93Wie problematisch ist der

Dentalwerkstoff Amalgam?\'94, Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr.,

\tab 1990, 115(39): 1490-1494; & M.Cikrt et al, \'93Mobiliztion of mercury using

DMPS\'94, 1993, Plzen Lek. Sborn. 68(Supp) 119; & \tab R.Hickel et al, \'93Die

Quecksilberbelastung von Zahnmedizinstudenten anch beruflicher Amalgaexposition,

Dtsch. Zahnarztl.Z \tab 1995, 50(7): 506-10.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (363) J.W.Reinhardt, Univ. Of Iowa College of Dentistry,

\'93Side effects: mercury contribution to\par

}\pard

\li720\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\t\

x7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 body burden from dental amalgam\'94, Adv Dent Res, 1992, 6:

110-3.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (364) W. Bayer, Erfahrungsheikunde 1992,41(10): 628-633; &

B.Gabard, Arch Toxicol, 1978, 39(4): 289- 298; & H. Pscheidl, \tab

\'93Amalgamvergiftung- eine chronische Krankheit und ihre Therapie\'94, ACD,

1994, 3(4):153-166.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (365) C. Schulte-Uebbing, \'93Umweltbedingte

Frauenkranheiten\'94, Sonntag-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1996; & \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab Umweltmedizin in der Frauenheilkunde, Arztezeitschr.

Naturheilkunde, 35(2):9-17.\par

}\pard

\fi-216\li216\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (366) \'93Zahnamalgam und Schwangerschaft\'94, Geburtshilfe

Frauenheikd. 1995, 55(6): M63-M65; & T. Zinke, \'93Gibt es neue Erkenntnisse

zur Amalgamproblematic?\'94, in Status Quo and perspectiveves of Amalgam and

Other Dental Materials, L.F. Friberg(Ed.),

Georg=Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 1995, p1-7. \par

}\pard

\fi-216\li216\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (367) I. Gerhard, \'93Amalgam aus gynakologischer Sicht\'94,

Der Frauenarzt, 1995,36(6): 627-28; & \'93Schdstoffe und

Fertillitatsstorungen\'94,

Schwermetalle und Mineralstoffe, Geburtshilfe Frauenheikd, 1992, 52(7):383-396;

& \'93Reproductive risks of heavy metal

and pesticides in women\'94, in: Reproductive Toxicology, M.(ed.), VCH

Weinhelm, 1993, 167-83; & \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab \'93Unfruchtbarkeit bei Frauen durch Umwelterkrankungen,

JD. Kruse-Jarres(Ed.), 1993, 51-68.\par

}\pard

\fi-216\li216\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (368) }{\plain \f3\fs20 Stejskal VDM, Danersund A, Lindvall A,

Hudecek R, Nordman V, Yaqob A et al. \tab Metal- specific memory lymphoctes:

biomarkers of sensitivity in man. Neuroendocrinology Letters, 1999.}{\plain

\f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx216\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (369) Sterzl I, Prochazkova J, Stejaskal VDM et al, Mercury and

nickel allergy: risk facotrs in fatigue and \tab \tab autoimmunity.

Neuroendocrinology Letters 1999; 20:221-228.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (370) }{\plain \f3\fs20 Magos L, son TW, Hudson AR. The

effects of dose of elemental mercury and first pass circulation time on organ

\tab distribution of inorganic mercury in rats. Biochim Biophys Acta 1989; \tab

991(1):85-9.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (371) Halbach S. Estimation of mercury dose by a novel

quantitation of elemental and inorganic species \tab released from \tab amalgam.

Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1995; 67(5): 295-300.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (372) }{\plain \f3\fs20 Atchison WD. Effects of

neurotoxicants on synaptic transmission. Neuroltoxicol Teratol 1998; \tab

10(5):393-416.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (373) Marcusson JA. Psychological and somatic subjective

symptoms as a result of dermatological patch testing with metallic \tab mercury

and PHA. Toxicol Lett 1996; 84(2): 113-22; & \'91The frequency of mercury

intolerance in patients with CFS and \tab healthy controls\'94, Contact

Dermatitis. 1999 Jul;41(1):60\_1\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (374)\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (375) Stejskal VDM, Danersund A, Lindvall A. Metal-specific

memory lympocytes: biomarkers of sensitivity in man.

Neuroendocrinology Letters 1999.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (376) Melchart D, Wuhr E, Weidenhammer W, Kremers L. A

multicenter survey of amalgam fillings and subjective complaints in

non-selected patients in the dental practice. Eur J Oral Sci 1998; 106:770-77

(6,744 patients in 34 clinics)\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (377) Murtomaa H, Haavio-Manila e, Kandolin I. Burnout and its

causes in Finnish dentists. Comunity Dental Oral Epidemiol 1990;

18:208-12.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (378) Cheraskin E, Ringsdorf Wm, Medford FH. Daily vitamin C

consumption and fatigabilit. J Am Gerialr Soc 1976; 24:136-37.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (379) Mac EM, Mann AH, HC. Interferons as

mediatorors of psychiatric morbidity. The Lancet 1978; Nov 21, 1175-78; &

Hickie I, Lloyd A. Are cytokines associated with neuropsychiatric syndrome in

humans? Int J Immunopharm 1995;

4:285-294.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (380) Komaroff AL, Buchwald DS. Chronic fatigue syndrom: an

update. Ann Rev Med 1998; 49: 1-13; & Buchwald DS, Wener MH,

Kith P. Markers of inflamation and immune activation in CFS. J Rheumatol 1997;

24:372-76.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (381) Demitrack MA,Dale JK. Evidence for impaired activation

of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with chronic

fatigue sydrome. J Clin endocrinol Metabol 1991; 73:1224-1234; & Turnbull AV,

Rivier C. Regulation of the HPA axis by

cytokines. Brain Behav Immun 1995; 20:253-75.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (382) Sterzl I, Fucikova T, Zamrazil V. The fatigue syndrome

in autoimmune thyroiditis with polyglanular activation of autoimmunity.

Vnitrni Lekarstvi 1998; 44: 456-60.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (383) Saito K. Analysis of a genetic factor of metal

allergy-polymorphism of HLA-DR-DO gene. Kokubyo Gakkai Zasschi 1996; 63:

53-69; & Prochazkova J, Ivaskova E, Bartova J, Stejskal VDM. Immunogentic

findings in patients with altered tolerance to

heavy metals. Eur J Human Genet 1998; 6: 175.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (384) Kuklinski B. Glutathione Transferasen und Krankheit.

Seitschrift fur Umweltmedizin 1999; 7:39-45.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (385) Kohdera T, Koh N, Koh R. Antigen-specific lympocyte

stimulation test on patients with psoriasis vulgaris. XVI International

Congress of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Oct 1997, Cancoon, Mexico; &

Ionescu G. Schwermetallbelastung bei

atopischer Dermatitis und Psoriasis. Biol Med 1996; 2:65-68.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (386) Biospectron Lab ....... & Doctors Data Lab

,http://www.doctorsdata.com , inquiries @doctors data.com, & Great Smokies

Diagnostic Lab, http://www.gsdl.com; & MetaMatrix Lab, http://www.metamatrix.com

..\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (387) Caulk, Inc. (amalgam manufacturer),

http://www.caulk.com/mSDSDFU/DISPERSDFU.html.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (388) Sata K, Kusada Y, Zhang Z, Ueda K, Ishi Y, Mori T, et al.

An epidemiological study of mercury sensitization. Allergology

International 1997; 46:201-6.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (389) Brunker P, Rother D, Sedlmeier R. J Mol Gen Genet 1996;

251(3); & MV. Environ Mol Mutagen 1996; 27(1): 30-3.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (390) Ellingsen DG, Nordhagen HP, sen Y. Uninary

selenium excretion in workers with low exposure to mercury vapour. J

Appl toxicol 1995; 15(1): 33-6.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (391) }{\plain \f3\fs20 Schumann K. The toxicological

estimation of heavy metal content(Hg,Cd,Pb) in food for infants and small

children. Z

Ernahrungswiss 1990; 29(1):54-73. (article in German with English

abstract)}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (392) Gebbart E. Chromosone Damage in Individuals exposed to

heavy metals. Curr Top Environ Toxicol Chem 1985; 8: 213-25.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (393) Furuhjelm M, Jonson B. Int J of Fertility 1962, 7(1);

17-21; & Dr. J.K Sherman, Univ. Of Arkansas, study reported in

Washington Star Newspaper, Jan 7, 1979.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (394) Blatter B, van der Star M, Roeleveld N. Int Archieves of

Occup and Environ Health 1987; 59: 551-7.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (395) Baranski B. Environmental Health Perspectives 1993;

101(suppl 2): 85-90; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 & Baranski B. Effect of mercury on

the sexual

cycle and prenatal and postnatal development of progeny. Med Pr 1981; 32(4):

271-6.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (395) Shapiro IM, Cornblath DR, Sumner AJ. Neurophysiological

and neuropshchological function in mercury- exposed dentists.

The Lancet 1982; 1:1147-1150; & Szzell BP and Oler J. Chronic low-level

mercury exposure and neuropshycological

functioning. J of Clin and Exper Neuropsych 1986; 8:581-93.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (396) Epidemiologisk undersokning av fosterkador hos 1.2

milj. barn, fodda sedan 1967; \tab Norge\tab yrkesmed. Avd.

Haukelands sykehus. Aftenposton 6 mpv 1997.}{\plain \f4\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (397) Hudecek R, Danersund A. Removal of Incompatible Dental

Material in Patients with \tab Intolerance of \tab Dental Materials.

In: Amalgam and Health: The Swedish Council for \tab Planning and Research \tab

Coordination, 1999, p78-84.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (398) Saengsirinavin C, Pringsulaka P. Mercury levels in

urine and head hair of dental \tab personnel. J \tab Dent Assoc Thai

1988; 38(4): 170-9.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (399) Herber RF, Wibowo AA. Exposure of dentists and

assistants to mercury: levels in urine and hair related to conditions of

practice. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1988; 16(3): 153-8; \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (400) Kim DE, Song KB, Kim YJ. Mercury contents in hair of

dental personnel and evaluation of various agents suppressing mercury

vaporization. Taehan Chikkwa Uisa Hyophoe Chi 27(7): 649-59.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (401) Sikorski R, Juszkiewicz T. Women in dental surguries:

reproductive hazards in occupational exposure to mercury. Int Arch

Occup Environ Health 1987; 59(6):551-7.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (402) Ando T, Wakisaka I, Hatano H. Mercury concentration in

gray hair. Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi 1989; 43(6):1063-8.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (403) Mayall FG; Hickman J; Knight LC; Singharo S. " An amalgam

tattoo of the soft palate: a case report with energy dispersive X-ray analysis.

J Laryngol Otol, 1992 Sep, 106:9, 834-5; & Pierson HF. " Pharmacological

perturbation of murine melanoma

growth by copper chelates.Cancer Lett, 1985 Mar, 26:2, 221-33.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (404) M. E. Godfrey, Candida, Dysbiosis and Amalgam. J. Adv.

Med. vol 9 no 2 (1996); & Romani L, Immunity to Candida

Albicans: Th1,Th2 cells and beyond. Curr Opin Microbiol 1999, 2(4):363-7. \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (405)}{\plain \f4\fs20 }{\plain \f3\fs20 Stejskal,

Vera Stejskal. }{\plain \f3\fs20 The role of metals in autoimmune diseases and

the link to neuroendocrinology Neuroendocrinology

Letters, 20:345\_358, 1999. \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 see #218 \par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (406) Goering Pl, Rowland AS. Toxicity assessment of mercury

vapor drom dental amalgams. Fundam. Appl Toxicol 1992; 19:319-329. \par

}\pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (407) Eedy DJ, Burrows D, Dlifford T, Fay A. Elevated T cell

subpopulations in dental students.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 J prosthet Dent 1990; 63(5):593-6. \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (408) }{\plain \f3\fs20 Wehner\_Caroli J; Scherwitz C;

Schweinsberg F; Fierlbeck G. Exacerbation of pustular psoriasis in \tab mercury

poisoning.

Hautarzt 1994 Oct;45(10):708\_10.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (409) }{\plain \f3\fs20 Autism: a unique form of mercury

poisoning. \tab

http://www.canfoundation.org/newcansite/sciwatch/invest.html}{\plain \f3\fs20

\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (410) J.R. Cade et al, Autism and schizophrenia linked to

malfunctioning enzyme for milk protein digestion. \tab Autism, \tab Mar

1999.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (411) Puschel et al, Mercury inhibits activity of

dipetyl-peptidase IV. European J Biochem 1982; 126:359-365.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (412) Stefanovic V. et al, Kidney ectopeptidases in mercuric

chloride-induced renal failure. Cell Physiol \tab Biochem \tab 1998; 8(5):

278-84. \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (413) Autism-Mercuryegroups, web group of parents with

autistic kids and autism doctors and \tab researchers; &

http://www.edelsoncenter.com.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (414) Reichrtova E et al, \'93Cord Serum Immunoglobulin E

Related to Enviornmental Contamination of \tab Human Placentas with

Oganochlorine Compounds\'94, Envir Health Perspec, 1999, 107(11):895-99}{\plain

\f3\fs20 .\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (415)Wecker L, SB, Cochran SR, Dugger DL, WD.

Trace element concentrations in hair from \tab autistic children.

Defic Res 1985; 29(Pt 1): 15-22}{\plain \f3\fs20 .\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (416) Rothstein JD, LJ, Kuncl RW. Decreased glutamte

transport by the brain and spinal cord in ALS.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab New Engl J Med 1992, 326: 1464-8.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (417) Folkers K et al, Biochemical evidence for a deficiency

of vitamin B6 in subjects reacting to MSL-\tab Glutamate. Biochem

Biophys Res Comm 1981, 100: 972; & Felipo V et al, L-carnatine increases the

\tab affinity of glutamate for quisqualate

receptors and prevents glutamate neurotoxicity. Neurochemical \tab Research

1994, 19(3): 373-377; & Akaike A et al, Protective

effects of a vitamin-B12 \tab \tab analog(methylcobalamin, against glutamate

cytotoxicity in cultured cortical neurons. European J

of \tab Pharmacology 1993, 241(1):1-6 .\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (418) }{\plain \f3\fs20 Srikantaiah MV; Radhakrishnan

AN. Studies on the metabolism of vitamin B6 in the small intestine. \tab

Purification and

properties of monkey intestinal pyridoxal kinase. Indian J Biochem 1970

Sep;7(3):151\_6.}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (419) }{\plain \f3\fs20 Lipozencic J; Milavec\_Puretic V;

Pasic A. Contact allergy and psoriasis. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 1992 \tab

Sep;43(3):249\_54;}{\plain \f3\fs20 & Roujeau JC et al, Acute generalized

exanthematous pustulosis. Analysis of 63 \tab cases; Arch Dermatol

1991 Sep;127(9):1333\_8; & Yiannias JA; Winkelmann RK; Connolly SM. Contact

\tab sensitivities in palmar plantar pustulosis

(acropustulosis). Contact Dermatitis 1998 Sep;39(3):108\_11\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (420) Rivola J, Krejci I, Imfeld T, Lutz F}{\plain \f3\fs20 .

}{\plain \f3\fs20 Cremation and the environmental mercury burden}{\plain

\f3\fs20 .\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 1990;100(11):1299\_303; &

Matter\_Grutter C, Baillod R, Imfeld T, Lutz F.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab Mercury emission measurements in a crematorium. The

dentistry aspects. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed \tab \tab 1995;105(8):1023\_8

}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (421) Yoshida M; Kishimoto T; Yamamura Y; Tabuse M; Akama Y;

Satoh H}{\plain \f3\fs20 .\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab Amount of mercury from dental amalgam filling released

into the atmosphere by cremation.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 1994 Jul;41(7):618\_24}{\plain

\f3\fs20 .}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (422) Reese Km. Mercury emissions from crematoria. Chem &

Engin News,\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab 12-7-98, p80-81; & Lancet 1998; 352, 1602.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (423) }{\plain \f3\fs20 C.R. et al, \'93Mercury

intoxication simulating ALS\'94, JAMA, 1983, 250(5):642-5; & T.Barber,

\'93Inorganic mercury \tab intoxification similar to ALS\'94, J of Occup Med,

1978, 20:667-9; }{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (424) Munch G; Gerlach M; Sian J; Wong A; Riederer P.

Advanced glycation end products in neurodegeneration: more than early \tab

markers of oxidative stress? Ann Neurol 1998 Sep;44(3 Suppl 1):S85\_8.}{\plain

\f3\fs20 }{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (425) Hu H; Abedi\_Valugerdi M; Moller G. Pretreatment of

lymphocytes with mercury in vitro induces a \tab response in T

cells from genetically determined low\_responders and a shift of the interleukin

profile. \tab Immunology 1997 Feb;90(2):198\_204; &

Hu H; Moller G; Abedi\_Valugerdi M. Major histocompatibility \tab complex class

II antigens are required for both cytokine

production and proliferation induced by mercuric \tab chloride in vitro. J

Autoimmun 1997 Oct;10(5):441\_6; & }{\plain \f3 Hu H; Moller G;

}{\plain \f3\fs20 Abedi\_Valugerdi M. \tab Mechanism of mercury\_induced

autoimmunity: both T helper 1\_ and T helper 2\_type responses are

involved. \tab Immunology 1999 Mar;96(3):348\_57}{\plain \f3\fs20 .\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (426) Hultman P, Nielsen JB. The effect of toxicokinetics on

murine mercury-induced autoimmunity. Environ Res 1998, 77(2): 141-8.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (427) Chetty CS, McBride V, Sands S, Rajanna B. Effects in

vitro on rat brain Mg(++)-ATPase. Arch Int Physiol Biochim 1990, \tab

98(5):261-7; & }{\plain \f3\fs20 M.Burk et al, Magnesium, 4(5-6): 325-332,

1985}{\plain \f3\fs20 }{\plain \f3\fs20 ?}{\plain \f3\fs20 \par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (428) O\'92Carroll RE, Masterton G, Goodwin GM. The

neuropsychiatric sequelae of mercury poisoning. The Mad Hatter\'92s disease \tab

revisited. Br J Psychiatry 1995, 167(1): 95-8.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (429) Rodier P.M. Developing brain as a target of toxicity.

Environ Health Perspect 1995; 103(Supp 6): 73-76.\par

}\pard

\fi-360\li360\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\t\

x6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 \tab Rice, DC, Issues in developmental neurotoxicology:

interpretation and implications of the data. Can J Public Health 1998;

89(Supp1): S31-40; & Rice DC, Barone S, Critical Periods of Vulnerability for

the Developing Nervous System: Evidence from

human and animal models. Environ Health Persect 2000, 108(supp 3):511-533.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

{\plain \f3\fs20 (430) Fukino H, Hirai M, Hsueh YM, Yamane Y. Effect of zinc

pretreatment on mercuric choride-induced lipid peroxidation in the rat

\tab kidney. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1984, 73(3): 395-401.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (431) T, Pitts K, Mc Garvey JA, Summers AO. Bacterial

oxidation of mercury metal vapor. Appl Environ Microbiol 1998, \tab 64(4):

1328-32.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (432) Sutton KG, McRory JE, Guthrie H, Snutch TP. P/Q-type

calcium channels mediate the activity-dependent feedback of \tab syntaxin-1A.

Nature 1999, 401(6755):800-4;\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (433) Epidemiologisk undersokning av fosterkador hos 1.2

milj. barn, fodda sedan 1967; Norge \tab yrkesmed. Avd. \tab Haukelands \tab

sykehus. Aftenposton 6 mpv 1997.\par

}{\plain \f3\fs20 (434) Echeverria D et al, Neurobehavioral effects from

exposure to dental amalgam vapor(Hg0): new distinctions between recent \tab

exposure and Hg body burden. Swedish Council for Coordinating and Research,

1999.\par

}\pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

\additive\f2 \pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

\additive\cf1\f2 \pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

\f4\fs16 \pard

\sl0\tx360\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\\

tx7920\tx8640\tx9360

\f4\fs16 }

August 31, 2000

Hi Alice ,

The amalg6w.doc didn't work. Any other suggestions?

Thanks,

Kaye

September 1, 2000

Go to www.amalgam.org Not sure, but that probably tells how to join it. Let

me know if you have trouble and I'll ask the list. I don't recall just what

I did. Seems as if I had some trouble getting on myself. It is a strict,

focused list.

Good luck, Alice

Sign In

Re: research mice

Recommended Posts

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Guest guest

Share this post

Link to post

Share on other sites

Join the conversation

Activity