Alert! Civil Rights Case: Discrimination & Retaliation

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Alert! Civil Rights Case: Discrimination

and Retaliation

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April 21, 2008

ISSN: 1538-3202

Issue: 433

Subscribers: 60,690

In This Issue:

Violation of Civil Rights: Discrimination Under Section 504 <>

Violation of Civil Rights: Retaliation Against <> Jarron & His Family

Advice about Filing Due Process Under IDEA if Civil <> Rights Claims

Jarron Draper v. Atlanta Independent Schools: Background & Decisions

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More Helpful Resources

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Section 504

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-DETguh6m1miA4mUia_op8euJw==> Damages

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Retaliation

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2r_aSfhLcrwxT7V1ahaMY9HKz4ptwUHECFjNcMbMOPEJ-lvx7wJuExLgntOrANsneOJRm3tO7nPJ

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Special Education Caselaw

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Contact Info

Pete and Pam

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P. O. Box 1008

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Copyright © 2008, W. D. and Pamela Darr . All rights

reserved. Please do NOT reprint or host on your website without explicit

permission.

On March 10, we sent an Alert about a new decision

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I_p860N-dNWi3NVjNgOiEmzBmDtrgKXk656zuISzbzxWD3hlEan6zgu5cta8gFIhV-dju36NTq9c

wGemKeWbecxIGS47UJeOdlzvhIKaYD8uYzOp> in Jarron Draper's cases against the

Atlanta Independent School District. (see <> background of case)

Jarron Draper <http://www.wrightslaw.com/nltr/img/jarron.draper1.jpg>

Within the last two weeks, there have been more important new developments

in the case.

Violation of Civil Rights

In a companion case, Jarron Draper and his family are seeking damages for

harassment and retaliation under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act.

Two weeks ago, the U. S. District Court of Georgia issued a decision in the

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jdqDFYIOxqPa69WPHWvH4xqpZ6BFUBscxGi2AbySi0raVSxakhkc3U40EDd-TKL_CwHg7fsXawBX

3wTNVdbgJ425oqmQ7Sqhbvz_7WmlO35rqFQFGmZ18a2tKs-N6ATN5vKGzQ==> civil rights

companion case (Draper II).

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AEXgCxQJd9ihHw6AYmhzH_eFIqBKhKLE6q3VhUiHn-Z7AZ0bdHs2Ikl4hWJgovfbww5QDH5h0L8-

7cmh-ZHmDGzanEk6eewb8GNG5bABacYnnZv9>

This Alert describes the Court's findings about harassment and retaliation

under Section 504 and how they apply to Jarron's case.

Wyner and

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CQCIiepR6frB9xu8pTK9DpJ4g3fKoN79CA-bbwwDr1zHrbMEFymoFf6C_CuQklUACwIx8Ry7MPPs

YeJJYkS9UeapqJU=> , lead counsel for Jarron and his family, explain that the

District Court’s analysis includes important guidance for plaintiffs who

file for due process for a denial of a free appropriate public education

(FAPE) under IDEA, but who believe they may also have civil rights claims

under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act.

Please don't hesitate to forward this Alert

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to your friends and colleagues.

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Violation of Civil Rights: Discrimination Under Section 504

In Jarron's civil rights case, he " asserts that he suffers from injuries as

a result of his educational deprivations that cannot be addressed by any

amount of compensatory education " and is requesting damages under Section

504 of the Rehabilitation Act.

On March 31, 2008, the U. S. District Court of Georgia issued a decision

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jdqDFYIOxqPa69WPHWvH4xqpZ6BFUBscxGi2AbySi0raVSxakhkc3U40EDd-TKL_CwHg7fsXawBX

3wTNVdbgJ425oqmQ7Sqhbvz_7WmlO35rqFQFGmZ18a2tKs-N6ATN5vKGzQ==> that denied

the motion by the Atlanta Independent School District (“APS”) to dismiss

Jarron’s civil rights claims that APS discriminated against him and

retaliated against him and his family. In Jarron

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SrNV7vj6eLhwGfqIrVcXVZL3BtQWdB9u3R_a9EVf9AoWMMkGRKngxJkSvmj8PPkTSfAZ_gEUYzDt

nPIFbAR1C3P2_ODzBdJJEeFyyhGvhGyHO194TX91C9Do_kcXA6kET8W1jg==> ’s civil

rights Complaint, he asserted that:

* APS incorrectly assessed Jarron as mentally retarded in fourth grade

* APS placed him in a functional program for the mildly intellectually

delayed (“M.I.D. " )

* APS failed to reassess him for over five years as required by law,

and

* after learning that Jarron has dyslexia, APS moved him from the

M.I.D. program into a 10th grade regular ed program with no support or

remediation, which caused him to fail

In this decision, the District Court held:

" In addition to being denied appropriate educational services, J.D. also

alleges that he suffers from stigmatization as a result of being improperly

labeled 'mentally retarded' throughout most of his educational career. There

is little doubt that the harm suffered by J.D. exceeded a mere denial of

FAPE (emphasis added) ... the cumulative impact ... supports a reasonable

inference that defendants may have exercised bad faith or gross misjudgment

(emphasis added) in denying J.D. access to a free and appropriate education "

in violation of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

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XooT50K-qNnU6SrEdZXmWQnDwivuQiqfvCesovTaQKrN9oaBUuskpWhM2sUUStB5ajcPATggRUul

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jdqDFYIOxqPa69WPHWvH4xqpZ6BFUBscxGi2AbySi0raVSxakhkc3U40EDd-TKL_CwHg7fsXawBX

3wTNVdbgJ425oqmQ7Sqhbvz_7WmlO35rqFQFGmZ18a2tKs-N6ATN5vKGzQ==>

Read decision.

back to the top <>

_____

Violation of Civil Rights: Retaliation Against Jarron and his Family

The court also refused to dismiss the retaliation claims, explaining that:

" The Rehabilitation Act's anti-retaliation regulation provides that " [n]o

recipient ... shall intimidate, threaten, coerce, or discriminate against

any individual for the purposes of interfering with any right or privilege

secured by [the Act], or because he has made a complaint, testified,

assisted, or participated in any manner in an investigation, proceeding, or

hearing ... " 34 C.F.R. § 100.7(e)

Specifically discussing the retaliation claim

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redBZ-u3MbzmvbHlc5_rQzfhZ8hQcmS2hBx98FvFL

2r_aSfhLcrwxT7V1ahaMY9HKz4ptwUHECFjNcMbMOPEJ-lvx7wJuExLgntOrANsneOJRm3tO7nPJ

4qq2fBwpfUUZ7B-wgcZ_Vxarpg==> , the court held that " a causal link is

supported by plaintiff’s allegation that ‘[w]hen J.D. and his aunt

challenged his placement in the M.I.D. program, ‘Faustina Haynes made [it]

clear that he would always be M.I.D. and would never graduate from high

school.’”

The Court concluded that " plaintiff's and his family's requests for

reassessment and their resort to administrative remedies triggered

retaliatory conduct appears plausible. "

Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies

According to Wyner and

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redDXw63EcJCrR-P2-9bwxpwSqLfKN5635M3I1NR_

VVbK8H83_DEJLtI9k_gBvtu6jgoxn8RZ--lc4ukjP6Wy3UKELh1h56pYX2C7NnkT6ggnpQ==> ,

" APS had moved to dismiss the 504 claims on various grounds, including

failure to exhaust and statute of limitations.

" With respect to exhaustion, the court held that the due process request

mentioned the 504 claims, including the retaliation claim. Although the the

administrative decision did not expressly rule on those claims, the decision

does include relevant factual findings that go beyond what was necessary to

find a denial of FAPE. The court further held that because of the

comprehensive remedies received in the due process case, further exhaustion

was excused as futile. "

Statute of Limitations

" The court also denied the motion to dismiss on the grounds of the statute

of limitations. APS argued that because the 504 claims had not been brought

within two years of when they accrued, they were barred by the statute of

limitations. "

" The court agreed with plaintiffs that the statute of limitations on the

civil rights claims did not begin to run until the student was 18 years old.

In any case, the statute was equitably stayed under federal law while the

Jarron's family exhausted their claims under IDEA. "

Court Rejected Claims Based on Section 1983

" Although the court rejected various claims based on section 1983 (joining

the growing number of courts that have rejected a 1983 claim premised on a

violation of the IDEA), this case provides substantial support to plaintiffs

who attempt to pursue civil rights claims under Section 504 related to

underlying violations of the IDEA. "

back to the top <>

_____

Filing Due Process under IDEA if Civil Rights Claims by Wyner and

According to Wyner and

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redCc0DCO82sf5c-hDt8i3JFmI8PRB-OCvTj3UBpD

CQCIiepR6frB9xu8pTK9DpJ4g3fKoN79CA-bbwwDr1zHrbMEFymoFf6C_CuQklUACwIx8Ry7MPPs

YeJJYkS9UeapqJU=> , lead counsel in Jarron's cases, " The court’s analysis

contains some very important guidance for plaintiffs who file for due

process

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redCkgnqXi3-J0oxiPJZelodSe5-I33dMydw-KNKk

Dw0mTgpMP4goaoEiMYhsyM0mch6Yz7IS61zm0DdVIK--BafITTkgQqj-wQGPhCFGUxkgEi3Nf7mu

NKw43TJc3PvL4qaZfdH47qdXvA==> for a denial of FAPE

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redDnVQYXjVYbb08NvnvcAeTiti0KDKdGWSGwTjLb

EfshbDkL5lvkcD4M4jhFTN0hmQUczY9BuHoucvpc7n_Fg3344JwQmqLq7xrtgARwMWxlNw9hzK5W

awVp_k7vAbYD23SmOuVRQTK4OQ==> under the Individuals with Disabilities Act

(IDEA)

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redCX8v6mBfN5awf2xNcZKCYcBvwd6EdzAMOuDIUK

WJUei57RFjaX-MEOiRhGjL_rWpQzhaoHUHAS2Tc0NRk_KnT3y5Has-S0eyzItzHTJCugqR7v63Jf

g1qCyjRIulfJQzg=> , but believe they may also have civil rights claims under

Section 504

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redDnWbj9qw_9vTBbcW4is9zC-7w04leubx172Kcg

XooT50K-qNnU6SrEdZXmWQnDwivuQiqfvCesovTaQKrN9oaBUuskpWhM2sUUStB5ajcPATggRUul

GCQfcBmUjnZnPl9IHlvbup1aMA==> after exhausting.

The Court found that " Plaintiffs due process hearing was not limited to

whether J.D. was denied a FAPE ... [the] due process complaint cited Section

504, ADA, and state law grounds for relief ... specifically mentioning

retaliation and defendants' 'willful disregard' of J.D.'s educational

rights. "

" Even though hearing officers will refuse to rule on the civil rights claims

on the ground that they do not have jurisdiction to decide such claims, it

is important to include these claims in the due process request. It is also

important to introduce evidence relevant to these claims during the due

process hearing, to the extent that the hearing officer will allow it. "

We asked Marcy of Wyner and

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redCc0DCO82sf5c-hDt8i3JFmI8PRB-OCvTj3UBpD

CQCIiepR6frB9xu8pTK9DpJ4g3fKoN79CA-bbwwDr1zHrbMEFymoFf6C_CuQklUACwIx8Ry7MPPs

YeJJYkS9UeapqJU=> what will happen next?

" The next step will be to engage in discovery, including depositions, and

ultimately a jury trial. Along the way there will probably be some summary

judgment motions and, of course, there is always the possibility of

settlement. "

We will keep you posted on new developments in this unique case.

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Jarron Draper v. Atlanta Public Schools: Background & Decisions

On March 20, 2007, the U. S. District Court of Georgia ordered the Atlanta

Independent School System to pay Jarron Draper's tuition at a private

special education school for four years, or until he graduated with a

diploma from high school, as prospective compensatory education for their

persistent failure to educate him.

The Judge ruled that " Compensatory awards should compensate, and this means

that they must do more than provide ‘some benefit’ as required by ordinary

IEPs ... " Read decision

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redCmFgkrEAbbJf504MDW1V_D_Xryiu1J_M5KLCvc

hwmK8iV4Hv-y_-ASAfNfstSAvVUIlkaey33RjyyNkNKTI7cB_NgqL4QIwZmrPcBRofGtKmTJc5_v

zntBDD1PHmjMeSHwjaowQKz3XbmR6uL2WjDkC_S0sAWDe5kB213BaVSPdw==>

The District Court held that:

" Compensatory education involves discretionary, prospective, injunctive

relief crafted by a court to remedy what might be termed an educational

deficit created by an educational agency's failure over a given period of

time to provide a FAPE to a student ...

" Compensatory awards should compensate, and this means that they must do

more than provide ‘some benefit’ as required by ordinary IEPs ...

compensatory education is necessary to preserve a handicapped child's right

to a free education. "

Appeal

The Atlanta Independent School System and Jarron appealed to the U.S. Court

of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit to resolve different legal issues. On

March 6, 2008, the Court of Appeals unanimously upheld the decision of the

District Court in

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redCJO3a9Ipx6H304YSm9kkKscneoVhghxzY67oL_

uSFRek2KS6MhLk-YFTbJxizb5bT58QogVUpT83gPLvtlgHNGVm7HXjPs320ijletfW3WiN9nvSD9

jQEox6n-kpPsHYLwbD5-THsQydPI_G3gSnZFHn7u09xJiy77kcBeNsFLLg==> Jarron Draper

v. Atlanta Independent School System (11th Cir. 2008).

The Court of Appeals unanimously upheld the District Court's award of

compensatory education that required the school system to pay prospective

educational services provided by a private school. (11th Cir. 2008). The

Court specifically rejected the notion that the student had to prove that

the public school system was incapable of providing the compensatory

education. Read decision

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redCJO3a9Ipx6H304YSm9kkKscneoVhghxzY67oL_

uSFRek2KS6MhLk-YFTbJxizb5bT58QogVUpT83gPLvtlgHNGVm7HXjPs320ijletfW3WiN9nvSD9

jQEox6n-kpPsHYLwbD5-THsQydPI_G3gSnZFHn7u09xJiy77kcBeNsFLLg==> .

Relying on decisions from the U.S. Supreme Court in

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redALdfJUh4fucwilKbnDslsjXBTX3R2G3L8Le4gw

NhfVaB96jpJQGGBiet1V98rgCNtz5vFUUeMlEsK9bU4yQ4ldRgAkMq47CuJBSN8JvUtbEcXtjGc5

gCvkDPFrv1C9T_nBh9_22blNFNGQjeWfiI1ybuFGbRy2fzM=> Sch. Comm. of Burlington

v. Dep't of Educ., 471 U.S. 359, 105 S. Ct. 1996 (1985) and

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redAiQZwycA1kStCSZCcbF6Z1IUTpMGHFId3sHimL

dhVnenvqRhGvBXFGVNb8gNhb-N-yJNfpzkOvTrnfBJyoF5OaKH3AWDs_Toj-64JpKkngKmw-aJ8m

Mvh4Ou8lq1H99i3TwYv1Jemgde0SEBiKsRHX> Florence County Sch. Dist. Four v.

ex rel. , 510 U.S. 7, 114 S. Ct. (1993), the Court of Appeals

affirmed that the District Court had the authority to require a public

school to pay the cost of prospective compensatory education that would be

provided by a private school.

" Poor Man's Burlington Remedy "

Read about the significane of Jarron's IDEA case in Poor Man's

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redDqv5dE7uOBys_kMhURdDOExHRsZZGz0uQPQdCV

_PUTpjFjKVOwXmy4yFWygGxw9kBwMloFyBbLDfaga70AqskKOYMZ7s_D7EsYALPIhViQnLdsBc4m

OP1I1GZ5cqw8tI9S84ZJ1gWmgqlt-V2yu6EvquwTO7Zd6Xg=> Burlington Remedy by

Wyner & Marcy .

" A Lesser Spirit Would Have Been Crushed Years Ago "

To learn more about Jarron, his family, and their struggles, read A Lesser

Spirit Would Have Been Crushed Years Ago

<http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001au_q5w_redD8oOJaS1vkKgFDe7GCj1bNag6GkbkiThx4uGI8

HSOohX-Qxat34c4NOGCY1nZyktiV_5r4O_hdDnZMKNVOzp2a6zd3bYfcWonkhFLn6HDQ2uFx7cpw

7H7JNwVoFaqUzaY2lw0wRpjFS17NIKbayH8T> by Pamela and .