Re: Article -mycotoxins in the air of Stachy

[Guest guest]

can somebody PLEASE let us all know when this comes out?

thank you!

victoria

[] Re: ARTICLE :biomarkers of exposure to Stachybotrys

-Thank You, Im sorry, I should of stated the name of it but couldn't

recall it. it was the other one about indoor air detection.sorry if

you went to any trouble on this, thanks again. -- In

@ <mailto:%40> ,

" sylgja " <sylgja@...> wrote:

>

> 1: Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Aug;114(8):1221-6.

>

> Mycotoxin adducts on human serum albumin: biomarkers of exposure to

> Stachybotrys chartarum.

>

> Yike I, Distler AM, Ziady AG, Dearborn DG.

>

>

>

> Department of Pediatrics and Ann Swetland Center for

Environmental

> Health, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-

4948, USA.

>

>

>

> OBJECTIVE: Despite the growing body of evidence showing adverse

health

> effects from inhalation exposure to the trichothecene-producing mold

> Stachybotrys chartarum, controversy remains. Currently, there are no

> reliable assays suitable for clinical diagnosis of exposure. We

hypothesized

> that satratoxin G (SG) -albumin adducts may serve as biomarkers of

exposure

> to this fungus. DESIGN: We studied the formation of adducts of SG

with serum

> albumin in vitro using Western blots and mass spectrometry (MS) and

searched

> for similar adducts formed in vivo using human and animal serum.

RESULTS:

> Samples of purified human serum albumin that had been incubated with

> increasing concentrations of SG showed concentration-dependent

albumin bands

> in Western blots developed with anti-SG antibodies. MS analysis

found that

> as many as 10 toxin molecules can be bound in vitro to one albumin

molecule.

> The sequencing of albumin-adduct tryptic peptides and the analysis

of

> pronase/aminopeptidase digests demonstrated that lysyl, cysteinyl,

and

> histidyl residues are involved in the formation of these adducts.

Serum

> samples from three patients with documented exposure to S. chartarum

> similarly revealed lysine-, cysteine-, and histidine-SG adducts

after

> exhaustive digestion, affinity column enrichment, and MS analysis.

These

> adducts were also found in the sera from rats exposed to the spores

of S.

> chartarum in contrast to control human subjects and control animals.

> CONCLUSIONS: These data document the occurrence of SG-albumin

adducts in

> both in vitro experiments and in vivo human and animal exposures to

S.

> chartarum. Relevance to clinical practice: SG-amino acid adducts

may serve

> as reliable dosimeter biomarkers for detection of exposure to S.

chartarum.

>

>

>

> PMID: 16882529 [PubMed - in process]

>

>

>

>

[Guest guest]

Am I reading this correctly???

Mainstream medicine admits thee can be problems with molds???

<toriaquilts@...> wrote:

can somebody PLEASE let us all know when this comes out?

thank you!

victoria

[] Re: ARTICLE :biomarkers of exposure to Stachybotrys

-Thank You, Im sorry, I should of stated the name of it but couldn't

recall it. it was the other one about indoor air detection.sorry if

you went to any trouble on this, thanks again. -- In

@ <mailto:%40> ,

" sylgja " <sylgja@...> wrote:

>

> 1: Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Aug;114(8):1221-6.

>

> Mycotoxin adducts on human serum albumin: biomarkers of exposure to

> Stachybotrys chartarum.

>

> Yike I, Distler AM, Ziady AG, Dearborn DG.

>

>

>

> Department of Pediatrics and Ann Swetland Center for

Environmental

> Health, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-

4948, USA.

>

>

>

> OBJECTIVE: Despite the growing body of evidence showing adverse

health

> effects from inhalation exposure to the trichothecene-producing mold

> Stachybotrys chartarum, controversy remains. Currently, there are no

> reliable assays suitable for clinical diagnosis of exposure. We

hypothesized

> that satratoxin G (SG) -albumin adducts may serve as biomarkers of

exposure

> to this fungus. DESIGN: We studied the formation of adducts of SG

with serum

> albumin in vitro using Western blots and mass spectrometry (MS) and

searched

> for similar adducts formed in vivo using human and animal serum.

RESULTS:

> Samples of purified human serum albumin that had been incubated with

> increasing concentrations of SG showed concentration-dependent

albumin bands

> in Western blots developed with anti-SG antibodies. MS analysis

found that

> as many as 10 toxin molecules can be bound in vitro to one albumin

molecule.

> The sequencing of albumin-adduct tryptic peptides and the analysis

of

> pronase/aminopeptidase digests demonstrated that lysyl, cysteinyl,

and

> histidyl residues are involved in the formation of these adducts.

Serum

> samples from three patients with documented exposure to S. chartarum

> similarly revealed lysine-, cysteine-, and histidine-SG adducts

after

> exhaustive digestion, affinity column enrichment, and MS analysis.

These

> adducts were also found in the sera from rats exposed to the spores

of S.

> chartarum in contrast to control human subjects and control animals.

> CONCLUSIONS: These data document the occurrence of SG-albumin

adducts in

> both in vitro experiments and in vivo human and animal exposures to

S.

> chartarum. Relevance to clinical practice: SG-amino acid adducts

may serve

> as reliable dosimeter biomarkers for detection of exposure to S.

chartarum.

>

>

>

> PMID: 16882529 [PubMed - in process]

>

>

>

>

[Guest guest]

-thank you Sylgja-- In , " sylgja "

<sylgja@...> wrote:

>

> This one?

>

> It is still in process – but I cant wait to read it.´

>

>

>

>

>

>

>

> Respirable trichothecene mycotoxins can be demonstrated in the air

of

> Stachybotrys chartarum–contaminated buildings

>

>

>

> C. Straus PhDa and C. PhDa

>

>

>

> aFrom the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock,

Tex

>

>

>

>

>

> Available online 1 September 2006.

>

>

>

>

>

>

>

>

>

>

>

> To the Editor:

>

>

>

> This correspondence is in response to the American Academy of

Allergy,

> Asthma and Immunology position paper recently published in the

Journal and

> entitled " The medical effects of mold exposure. " 1 The authors imply

that the

> most important way that trichothecene mycotoxins could get into the

human

> body is via the inhalation of Stachybotrys chartarum (SC) conidia.

We have

> recently shown that the number of SC conidia in the air in a SC-

infested

> building is not a good predictor for the amount of macrocyclic

trichothecene

> mycotoxins (MTMs) in the air. This is because the MTMs can exist in

the air

> on fungal fragments free of conidia, so the number of SC conidia

found in

> the air should play only a small role in determining airborne MTM

levels.2

> This becomes very important because it has recently been shown that

there

> are 514 times more SC fungal fragments released by this organism

than there

> are SC conidia released.3 The authors also imply that the idea that

the

> presence of mycotoxins in a building should give rise to an array of

> nonspecific complaints is " not consistent with what is known to

occur when a

> toxic dose is achieved. " This simply is not the case. Indeed, in a

report

> examining the introduction of this type of mycotoxin (a

trichothecene) into

> human beings, the opposite was observed. We know what kinds of

symptoms are

> observed when a simple trichothecene (a preparation of

diacetoxyscirpenol,

> also known as anguidine) is injected into humans. They are (among

others)

> nausea, vomiting, low blood pressure, drowsiness, ataxia, and mental

> confusion.4 These symptoms are consistent with those reported by

individuals

> in SC-infested buildings.5 The authors also state, " …however,

potential

> levels of mycotoxins in nonagricultural air samples are too low to

be

> measured practically with this technology. " That may be true

regarding the

> discussed technology; however, we have measured MTMs in the air of

> nonagricultural buildings.6 Finally, the authors stated, " Testing

for

> airborne mycotoxins in nonagricultural environments cannot be used

to

> diagnose mold exposure. " This is not the case. We have successfully

> preformed airborne testing for MTMs in nonagricultural settings.6

In fact,

> we have used an ELISA to measure MTMs in the serum of individuals

from

> SC-infested buildings.7 In conclusion, we feel that the following

statements

> are true. SC has been shown to grow in buildings where people are

having

> health problems.5 SC definitely produces MTMs in these situations.6

These

> MTMs definitely get into the air in these buildings, where they can

be

> inhaled.6 They definitely are inhaled by people in these

buildings.7 The

> following, then, is the final question that remains to be answered:

do the

> MTMs get into human beings in concentrations sufficient to cause

the health

> problems observed in people in SC-contaminated buildings?

>

>

>

> We found a number of other issues of contention in the authors'

review.

> However, because of space restrictions, we have limited our

response to

> these points.

>

>

>

>

>

> References

>

>

>

> 1 R.K. Bush, J.M. Portnoy, A. Saxton, A.I. Terr and R.A. Wood, The

medical

> effects of mold exposure, J Allergy Clin Immunol 117 (2006), pp.

326–333.

> SummaryPlus | Full Text + Links | PDF (146 K) | Abstract +

References in

> Scopus | Cited By in Scopus

>

>

>

> 2 T.L. Brasel, D.R. , S.C. and D.C. Straus, Detection

of

> airborne Stachybotrys chartarum macrocyclic trichothecene

mycotoxins on

> particulates smaller than conidia, Appl Environ Microbiol 71

(2005), pp.

> 114–122. Abstract-MEDLINE | Abstract-Compendex | Abstract-EMBASE |

> Abstract-Elsevier BIOBASE | Abstract-GEOBASE | Order Document |

Full Text

> via CrossRef | Abstract + References in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus

>

>

>

> 3 S.-H. Cho, S.-C. Seo, D. Schmechel, S.A. Grinshpun and T. Reponen,

> Aerodynamic characteristics and respiratory deposition of fungal

fragments,

> Atmos Environ 39 (2005), pp. 5454–5465. SummaryPlus | Full Text +

Links |

> PDF (291 K) | Abstract + References in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus

>

>

>

> 4 W.K. , M.A. Burgess, M. Valdivesio, R.B. Livingston, G.P.

Bodey and

> E.J. Freireich, Phase I clinical evaluation of anguidine, Cancer

Treat Rep

> 62 (1978), pp. 1497–1502. Abstract-MEDLINE | Abstract-EMBASE |

Order

> Document | Abstract + References in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus

>

>

>

> 5 C.M. Scheel, W.C. Rosing and A.L. Farone, Possible sources of sick

> building syndrome in a Tennessee middle school, Arch Environ Health

56

> (2001), pp. 413–417. Abstract-EMBASE | Abstract-MEDLINE | Abstract-

Elsevier

> BIOBASE | Order Document | Abstract + References in Scopus |

Cited By in

> Scopus

>

>

>

> 6 T.L. Brasel, J.M. , C.G. Carriker, S.C. and D.C.

Straus,

> Detection of airborne Stachybotrys chartarum macrocyclic

trichothecene

> mycotoxins in the indoor environment, Appl Environ Microbiol 71

(2005), pp.

> 7376–7388. Abstract-Elsevier BIOBASE | Abstract-GEOBASE | Abstract-

EMBASE |

> Abstract-MEDLINE | Order Document | Full Text via CrossRef |

Abstract +

> References in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus

>

>

>

> 7 T.L. Brasel, A.W. , R.E. Demers, B.S. Fergusen, J. Fink

and A.

> Vojdani et al., Detection of trichothecene mycotoxins in sera from

> individuals exposed to Stachybotrys chartarum in indoor

environments, Arch

> Environ Health 59 (2004), pp. 317–323. Abstract-MEDLINE | Abstract-

Elsevier

> BIOBASE | Abstract-EMBASE | Order Document | Abstract +

References in

> Scopus | Cited By in Scopus

>

>

>

>

>

>

>

> Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: D. C. Straus and S.

C.

> state that they have received research support from Assured Indoor

Air

> Quality and served as expert witnesses in mold litigation and as

experts for

> the plaintiff in legal cases associated with mold exposure and the

alleged

> risks or injuries.

>

>

>

> _____

>

> From:

[mailto: ]

> On Behalf Of who

> Sent: 17. september 2006 02:00

>

> Subject: [] Re: ARTICLE :biomarkers of exposure to

Stachybotrys

>

>

>

> -Thank You, Im sorry, I should of stated the name of it but

couldn't

> recall it. it was the other one about indoor air detection.sorry if

> you went to any trouble on this, thanks again. -- In

> @ <mailto:%40>

,

> " sylgja " <sylgja@> wrote:

> >

> > 1: Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Aug;114(8):1221-6.

> >

> > Mycotoxin adducts on human serum albumin: biomarkers of exposure

to

> > Stachybotrys chartarum.

> >

> > Yike I, Distler AM, Ziady AG, Dearborn DG.

> >

> >

> >

> > Department of Pediatrics and Ann Swetland Center for

> Environmental

> > Health, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-

> 4948, USA.

> >

> >

> >

> > OBJECTIVE: Despite the growing body of evidence showing adverse

> health

> > effects from inhalation exposure to the trichothecene-producing

mold

> > Stachybotrys chartarum, controversy remains. Currently, there are

no

> > reliable assays suitable for clinical diagnosis of exposure. We

> hypothesized

> > that satratoxin G (SG) -albumin adducts may serve as biomarkers

of

> exposure

> > to this fungus. DESIGN: We studied the formation of adducts of SG

> with serum

> > albumin in vitro using Western blots and mass spectrometry (MS)

and

> searched

> > for similar adducts formed in vivo using human and animal serum.

> RESULTS:

> > Samples of purified human serum albumin that had been incubated

with

> > increasing concentrations of SG showed concentration-dependent

> albumin bands

> > in Western blots developed with anti-SG antibodies. MS analysis

> found that

> > as many as 10 toxin molecules can be bound in vitro to one

albumin

> molecule.

> > The sequencing of albumin-adduct tryptic peptides and the

analysis

> of

> > pronase/aminopeptidase digests demonstrated that lysyl,

cysteinyl,

> and

> > histidyl residues are involved in the formation of these adducts.

> Serum

> > samples from three patients with documented exposure to S.

chartarum

> > similarly revealed lysine-, cysteine-, and histidine-SG adducts

> after

> > exhaustive digestion, affinity column enrichment, and MS

analysis.

> These

> > adducts were also found in the sera from rats exposed to the

spores

> of S.

> > chartarum in contrast to control human subjects and control

animals.

> > CONCLUSIONS: These data document the occurrence of SG-albumin

> adducts in

> > both in vitro experiments and in vivo human and animal exposures

to

> S.

> > chartarum. Relevance to clinical practice: SG-amino acid adducts

> may serve

> > as reliable dosimeter biomarkers for detection of exposure to S.

> chartarum.

> >

> >

> >

> > PMID: 16882529 [PubMed - in process]

> >

> >

> >

> >

[Guest guest]

THAT'S HOW I'M READING IT, LEIGH....THANK GOD!!!!!!!!

VICTORIA

[] Re: ARTICLE :biomarkers of exposure to Stachybotrys

-Thank You, Im sorry, I should of stated the name of it but couldn't

recall it. it was the other one about indoor air detection.sorry if

you went to any trouble on this, thanks again. -- In

@ <mailto:%40> ,

" sylgja " <sylgja@...> wrote:

>

> 1: Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Aug;114(8):1221-6.

>

> Mycotoxin adducts on human serum albumin: biomarkers of exposure to

> Stachybotrys chartarum.

>

> Yike I, Distler AM, Ziady AG, Dearborn DG.

>

>

>

> Department of Pediatrics and Ann Swetland Center for

Environmental

> Health, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-

4948, USA.

>

>

>

> OBJECTIVE: Despite the growing body of evidence showing adverse

health

> effects from inhalation exposure to the trichothecene-producing mold

> Stachybotrys chartarum, controversy remains. Currently, there are no

> reliable assays suitable for clinical diagnosis of exposure. We

hypothesized

> that satratoxin G (SG) -albumin adducts may serve as biomarkers of

exposure

> to this fungus. DESIGN: We studied the formation of adducts of SG

with serum

> albumin in vitro using Western blots and mass spectrometry (MS) and

searched

> for similar adducts formed in vivo using human and animal serum.

RESULTS:

> Samples of purified human serum albumin that had been incubated with

> increasing concentrations of SG showed concentration-dependent

albumin bands

> in Western blots developed with anti-SG antibodies. MS analysis

found that

> as many as 10 toxin molecules can be bound in vitro to one albumin

molecule.

> The sequencing of albumin-adduct tryptic peptides and the analysis

of

> pronase/aminopeptidase digests demonstrated that lysyl, cysteinyl,

and

> histidyl residues are involved in the formation of these adducts.

Serum

> samples from three patients with documented exposure to S. chartarum

> similarly revealed lysine-, cysteine-, and histidine-SG adducts

after

> exhaustive digestion, affinity column enrichment, and MS analysis.

These

> adducts were also found in the sera from rats exposed to the spores

of S.

> chartarum in contrast to control human subjects and control animals.

> CONCLUSIONS: These data document the occurrence of SG-albumin

adducts in

> both in vitro experiments and in vivo human and animal exposures to

S.

> chartarum. Relevance to clinical practice: SG-amino acid adducts

may serve

> as reliable dosimeter biomarkers for detection of exposure to S.

chartarum.

>

>

>

> PMID: 16882529 [PubMed - in process]

>

>

>

>