Whole Grain Cereals Increase Nutrient Density During CR

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JADA

Volume 106, Issue 9,

Pages 1380-1388 (September 2006)

Consumption of Whole-Grain Cereals during Weight Loss:

Effects on Dietary Quality, Dietary Fiber, Magnesium,

Vitamin B-6, and Obesity

Abstract

Objective

While various weight-management approaches produce

weight loss, they may differ in dietary quality. We

monitored changes in nutrient intakes in overweight

and obese subjects on three different

weight-management programs.

Design

Randomized clinical trial (pilot study) with two

12-week phases: phase 1, weekly counseling; phase 2,

monitoring only.

Subjects/setting

One hundred eighty nonsmoking, sedentary overweight

and obese adults began this outpatient study; 134

(body mass index [calculated as kg/m2]=30.9±2.4;

age=42.3±1.2 years) were used in analyses.

Intervention

Twenty-four weeks of exercise only (control group),

hypocaloric diet plus exercise, or hypocaloric diet

with fiber-rich whole-grain cereals plus exercise.

Main Outcome Measures

At weeks 0, 12, and 24, diet quality was assessed by

3-day food records and body weight was measured.

Statistical Analyses Performed

Three-way analysis of variance with repeated measures.

Results

The hypocaloric diet with fiber-rich whole-grain

cereals plus exercise decreased energy intake more

than exercise only (P=0.032). By week 12, the

hypocaloric diet with fiber-rich whole-grain cereals

plus exercise and the hypocaloric diet plus exercise

decreased total fat more than exercise only, which was

sustained in the hypocaloric diet with fiber-rich

whole-grain cereals plus exercise at 24 weeks

(P<0.001). At weeks 12 and 24, the hypocaloric diet

with fiber-rich whole-grain cereals plus exercise

reduced saturated fat intake more than exercise only.

The hypocaloric diet with fiber-rich whole-grain

cereals plus exercise increased total fiber, insoluble

fiber (both P<0.001), magnesium (P=0.004), and vitamin

B-6 (P=0.002) intakes more than the hypocaloric diet

plus exercise and exercise only. Calcium and vitamin E

intakes were inadequate in all groups. Weight loss was

similar in the hypocaloric diet with fiber-rich

whole-grain cereals plus exercise and the hypocaloric

diet plus exercise.

Conclusions

Weight-reduction strategies may be associated with

reduced intake of micronutrients, such as calcium and

vitamin E. However, a hypocaloric diet with fiber-rich

whole-grain cereal is effective for improving or

maintaining other aspects of dietary quality during

weight loss.