coffeRe: Re: Cocoa Consumption: a sobering study - coffee toxic?

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Please provide a ref for that caffeine is toxic?

Many things we eat are "toxic", but to what degree?

Forensic Sci Int. 2005 Oct 4;153(1):67-9.

Fatal caffeine overdose: two case reports.Kerrigan S, Lindsey T.New Mexico Department of Health, Scientific Laboratory Division, Toxicology Bureau, P.O. Box 4700, Albuquerque, NM 87196-4700, USA. sarah.kerrigan@...Caffeine is a mild central nervous stimulant that occurs naturally in coffee beans, cocoa beans and tea leaves. In large doses, it can be profoundly toxic, resulting in arrhythmia, tachycardia, vomiting, convulsions, coma and death. The average cup of coffee or tea in the United States is reported to contain between 40 and 150 mg caffeine although specialty coffees may contain much higher doses. Over-the-counter supplements that are used to combat fatigue typically contain 100-200 mg caffeine per tablet and doses of 32-200mg are included in a variety of prescription drug mixtures. Fatal caffeine overdoses in adults are relatively rare and require the ingestion of a large quantity of the drug, typically in excess of 5 g. Over a period of approximately 12 months our office reported two cases of fatal caffeine intoxication. In the first case, the femoral blood of a 39-year-old female with a history of intravenous drug use contained 192 mg/L caffeine. In the second case, femoral blood from a 29-year-old male with a history of obesity and diabetes contained 567 mg/L caffeine. In both cases, the cause of death was ruled as caffeine intoxication and the manner of death was accidental.Publication Types: Case Reports

PMID: 15935584

[ ] Re: Cocoa Consumption: a sobering study

Yes, truly amazing findings.I wonder why they are so few studies directed toward an evaluation oftheobromine toxicity (except in dogs). After all it is a stimulantclosely related to caffeine. We know caffeine to be toxic. Economicreasons? One such study I found, out of india, ironically concludesthat this important compound of cacoa is toxic to the heart muscle.What's the good of lowering blood pressure through consumption ofcocoa when there are so many other ways, if it weakens the heartmuscle? The ultimate effects of this practice are not likely to showfor many years. http://www.ijp-online.com/article.asp?issn=0253-7613;year=1998;volume=30;issue=5;spage=339;epage=342;aulast=Eteng;type=0--- In , "Rodney" <perspect1111@...> wrote:>> Hi folks:> > It looks like this is the study:> > "Cocoa intake, blood pressure, and cardiovascular mortality: the > Zutphen Elderly Study.> > Buijsse B, Feskens EJ, Kok FJ, Kromhout D.> > Center for Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Public Health > and the Environment, Bilthoven, and Division of Human Nutrition, > Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands. > brian.buijsse@...> > BACKGROUND: Small, short-term, intervention studies indicate that > cocoa-containing foods improve endothelial function and reduce blood > pressure. We studied whether habitual cocoa intake was cross-> sectionally related to blood pressure and prospectively related with > cardiovascular mortality. METHODS: Data used were of 470 elderly men > participating in the Zutphen Elderly Study and free of chronic > diseases at baseline. Blood pressure was measured at baseline and 5 > years later, and causes of death were ascertained during 15 years of > follow-up. Habitual food consumption was assessed by the cross-check > dietary history method in 1985, 1990, and 1995. Cocoa intake was > estimated from the consumption of cocoa-containing foods. RESULTS: > One third of the men did not use cocoa at baseline. The median cocoa > intake among users was 2.11 g/d. After adjustment, the mean systolic > blood pressure in the highest tertile of cocoa intake was 3.7 mm Hg > lower (95% confidence interval [CI], -7.1 to -0.3 mm Hg; P = .03 for > trend) and the mean diastolic blood pressure was 2.1 mm Hg lower (95% > CI, -4.0 to -0.2 mm Hg; P = .03 for trend) compared with the lowest > tertile. During follow-up, 314 men died, 152 of cardiovascular > diseases. Compared with the lowest tertile of cocoa intake, the > adjusted relative risk for men in the highest tertile was 0.50 (95% > CI, 0.32-0.78; P = .004 for trend) for cardiovascular mortality and > 0.53 (95% CI, 0.39-0.72; P < .001) for all-cause mortality. > CONCLUSION: In a cohort of elderly men, cocoa intake is inversely > associated with blood pressure and 15-year cardiovascular and all-> cause mortality."> > PMID: 16505260 > > Aaaaaamazing!!> > Rodney.> > > >> > Hi folks:> > > > Just 4.2 g a day of it. And it presumably included all kinds of > fat > > and sugar with it. So imagine how good the de-fatted sugar-free > > cocoa must be!> > > > > http://heart.healthcentersonline.com/newsstories/cocoaconsumershavelow> > erdiseaseriskstudy.cfm?nl=1> > > > http://snipurl.com/nce3> > > > Rodney.> >>