Re: CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI ARTICLES - MEDLINE

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thank you! I was looking for this article,

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> Autism and Clostridium tetani.

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> Bolte ER

> <http://health./sites/entrez?Db=pubmed & Cmd=Search & Term=%\

> 22Bolte%20ER%22%5BAuthor%5D & itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_Re\

> sultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus> .

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> Autism is a severe developmental disability believed to have multiple

> etiologies. This paper outlines the possibility of a subacute, chronic

> tetanus infection of the intestinal tract as the underlying cause for

> symptoms of autism observed in some individuals. A significant

> percentage of individuals with autism have a history of extensive

> antibiotic use. Oral antibiotics significantly disrupt protective

> intestinal microbiota, creating a favorable environment for colonization

> by opportunistic pathogens. Clostridium tetani is an ubiquitous

> anaerobic bacillus that produces a potent neurotoxin. Intestinal

> colonization by C. tetani, and subsequent neurotoxin release, have been

> demonstrated in laboratory animals which were fed vegetative cells. The

> vagus nerve is capable of transporting tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) and

> provides a route of ascent from the intestinal tract to the CNS. This

> route bypasses TeNT's normal preferential binding sites in the spinal

> cord, and therefore the symptoms of a typical tetanus infection are not

> evident. Once in the brain, TeNT disrupts the release of

> neurotransmitters by the proteolytic cleavage of synaptobrevin, a

> synaptic vesicle membrane protein. This inhibition of neurotransmitter

> release would explain a wide variety of behavioral deficits apparent in

> autism. Lab animals injected in the brain with TeNT have exhibited many

> of these behaviors. Some children with autism have also shown a

> significant reduction in stereotyped behaviors when treated with

> antimicrobials effective against intestinal clostridia. When viewed as

> sequelae to a subacute, chronic tetanus infection, many of the puzzling

> abnormalities of autism have a logical basis. A review of atypical

> tetanus cases, and strategies to test the validity of this paper's

> hypothesis, are included.

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> PMID: 9881820 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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> http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9881820?ordinalpos=4 & itool=EntrezSyst\

> em2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_\

> RVDocSum

> <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9881820?ordinalpos=4 & itool=EntrezSys\

> tem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed\

> _RVDocSum>

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> Short-term benefit from oral vancomycin treatment of regressive-onset

> autism.

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> Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Rush Children's

> Hospital, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

> rushstudy@...

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> In most cases symptoms of autism begin in early infancy. However, a

> subset of children appears to develop normally until a clear

> deterioration is observed. Many parents of children with

> " regressive " -onset autism have noted antecedent antibiotic exposure

> followed by chronic diarrhea. We speculated that, in a subgroup of

> children, disruption of indigenous gut flora might promote colonization

> by one or more neurotoxin-producing bacteria, contributing, at least in

> part, to their autistic symptomatology. To help test this hypothesis, 11

> children with regressive-onset autism were recruited for an intervention

> trial using a minimally absorbed oral antibiotic. Entry criteria

> included antecedent broad-spectrum antimicrobial exposure followed by

> chronic persistent diarrhea, deterioration of previously acquired

> skills, and then autistic features. Short-term improvement was noted

> using multiple pre- and post-therapy evaluations. These included coded,

> paired videotapes scored by a clinical psychologist blinded to treatment

> status; these noted improvement in 8 of 10 children studied.

> Unfortunately, these gains had largely waned at follow-up. Although the

> protocol used is not suggested as useful therapy, these results indicate

> that a possible gut flora-brain connection warrants further

> investigation, as it might lead to greater pathophysiologic insight and

> meaningful prevention or treatment in a subset of children with autism.

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> http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10921511?ordinalpos=2 & itool=EntrezSys\

> tem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed\

> _RVDocSum

> <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10921511?ordinalpos=2 & itool=EntrezSy\

> stem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubme\

> d_RVDocSum>

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