DMSA: Dimercaptosuccinic Acid: article(s): DMSA is the most effective chelator compared to DMPS

[Guest guest]

http://www.dmsa-chelation.info/ there are other natural chelators such as

Vit.s and Herbs;

DMSA Treatment in Mercury Toxicity

In the USA, DMSA was first reported by Friedheim to promote mercury excretion.

He reported on experiments with mice in 1975, noting DMSA's low toxicity and

favorable efficacy compared to other compounds, such as BAL and D-penicillamine.

Since that time, numerous animal and human studies have shown DMSA

administration increases urinary mercury excretion and reduces blood and tissue

mercury concentration.

In a comparison study of chelating agents, eleven construction workers with

acute mercury poisoning were treated with either DMSA or

N-acetyl-D,L-penicillamine (NAP), another sulfhydryl-containing metal chelator.

DMSA treatment resulted in greater urinary excretion of mercury than NAP.

In a study of single-dose, DMSA-induced urinary excretion in

occupationally-poisoned workers, a significant increase in urinary mercury

excretion was noted, especially in the first 24 hours. Mercury excretion was

greatest in the first eight hours after oral DMSA administration.

After methylmercuric chloride administration in rats, DMSA, DMPS, and NAP were

studied for their ability to remove mercury from blood and tissue. DMSA was the

most effective at removing mercury from the blood, liver, brain, spleen, lungs,

large intestine, skeletal muscle, and bone. DMPS was more effective at removing

mercury from the kidneys.

Chelation of Mercury from the Brain

In rats, following intravenous administration of methyl mercury, DMSA was found

to be the most efficient chelator for brain mercury.

In another animal study, DMSA was given four days after methyl mercury injection

in mice, and continued for eight days. DMSA removed two-thirds of the brain

mercury deposits, NAP removed approximately one-half, while DMPS did not remove

significant amounts of mercury from the brain.

Mercury Diagnostic and Treatment Protocol

Hair analysis is an inexpensive and valuable tool for evaluating prior mercury

exposure. However, there has been some controversy about the accuracy of

laboratory results in hair analysis.

An effective way to evaluate mercury toxicity quantitatively is to determine the

amount of mercury excreted in the urine after a challenge dose of DMSA. A

baseline 24-hour urine is collected before the challenge, then again on day

three of a three-day dosing of 200 mg three times a day.

The therapeutic dosage of DMSA for mercury toxicity is not well defined in the

literature. Doses as high as 30 mg/kg per day have been used, with no serious

side effects noted. One DMSA treatment protocol suggests 10 mg/kg day taken in

divided doses for three days. The patient then discontinues taking DMSA for 14

days, then takes it again for 3 days. Five to 10 treatment cycles may be

necessary. Another protocol suggests 500 mg per day on an empty stomach, every

other day for a minimum of five weeks. For very sensitive patients, 250 mg per

day, every other day may be necessary, with an increase to 500 mg after two to

three weeks, for a total of five weeks of therapy. More studies need to be done

to define optimal dosing strategies for this substance. Be aware that sulfhydryl

compounds in DMSA will make urine very smelly. Patients should be warned about

that so that they won't be surprised.

Some advocate the use of hydrolyzed whey protein as an adjunct to DMSA because

it contains a lot of cysteine and cysteine residues which can be of benefit

while using DMSA. Cysteine is the rate-limiting step in glutathione production,

which is necessary for fecal heavy metal excretion and hepato-protection. Whey

also contains branched-chain amino acids which occupy transport sites at the

blood-brain barrier, effectively keeping bound metals from being re-deposited in

the brain. Supplemental dosing of N-acetylcysteine, 500 mg three times per day,

can also be helpful.

A multi-mineral supplement is a must when taking DMSA, and it should also be

taken between cycles and for some time after treatment is ended. This is so

because, besides heavy metals, DMSA also chelates and eliminates good minerals,

such as zinc and magnesium.

DMSA for the brain

The organic mercury species with greatest toxicity are methylmercury compounds,

which have a high affinity for the brain and nervous system. No other substance

has been found to absorb better and cross the blood brain barrier and remove

mercury from the brain more effectively than DMSA. DMPS is much less effective.

DMPS is also 3 times more toxic than DMSA, based on its LD-50 (the dose at which

50 percent of laboratory animals die). Animal studies show DMSA to be almost 3

times more effective than DMPS in removing brain mercury. DMSA has the added

advantage that it is taken by mouth in capsule form, whereas DMPS must be given

by injection.

Order DMSA

---------------------------------

also said body odors from DMSA are common; such as odorous feet; sweat glands;

etc.

[Guest guest]

This is the problem with having liberal arts majors read abstracts on PubMed.

They come

up with nonsense like this because they aren't able to understand what the

papers say.

Andy

>

> DMSA Treatment in Mercury Toxicity

> In the USA, DMSA was first reported by Friedheim to promote mercury excretion.

He

reported on experiments with mice in 1975, noting DMSA's low toxicity and

favorable

efficacy compared to other compounds, such as BAL and D-penicillamine. Since

that time,

numerous animal and human studies have shown DMSA administration increases

urinary

mercury excretion and reduces blood and tissue mercury concentration.

>

> In a comparison study of chelating agents, eleven construction workers with

acute

mercury poisoning were treated with either DMSA or N-acetyl-D,L-penicillamine

(NAP),

another sulfhydryl-containing metal chelator. DMSA treatment resulted in greater

urinary

excretion of mercury than NAP.

>

> In a study of single-dose, DMSA-induced urinary excretion in

occupationally-poisoned

workers, a significant increase in urinary mercury excretion was noted,

especially in the

first 24 hours. Mercury excretion was greatest in the first eight hours after

oral DMSA

administration.

>

> After methylmercuric chloride administration in rats, DMSA, DMPS, and NAP were

studied for their ability to remove mercury from blood and tissue. DMSA was the

most

effective at removing mercury from the blood, liver, brain, spleen, lungs, large

intestine,

skeletal muscle, and bone. DMPS was more effective at removing mercury from the

kidneys.

>

> Chelation of Mercury from the Brain

> In rats, following intravenous administration of methyl mercury, DMSA was

found to be

the most efficient chelator for brain mercury.

>

> In another animal study, DMSA was given four days after methyl mercury

injection in

mice, and continued for eight days. DMSA removed two-thirds of the brain mercury

deposits, NAP removed approximately one-half, while DMPS did not remove

significant

amounts of mercury from the brain.

>

> Mercury Diagnostic and Treatment Protocol

> Hair analysis is an inexpensive and valuable tool for evaluating prior mercury

exposure.

However, there has been some controversy about the accuracy of laboratory

results in hair

analysis.

>

> An effective way to evaluate mercury toxicity quantitatively is to determine

the amount

of mercury excreted in the urine after a challenge dose of DMSA. A baseline

24-hour urine

is collected before the challenge, then again on day three of a three-day dosing

of 200 mg

three times a day.

>

> The therapeutic dosage of DMSA for mercury toxicity is not well defined in the

literature.

Doses as high as 30 mg/kg per day have been used, with no serious side effects

noted.

One DMSA treatment protocol suggests 10 mg/kg day taken in divided doses for

three

days. The patient then discontinues taking DMSA for 14 days, then takes it again

for 3

days. Five to 10 treatment cycles may be necessary. Another protocol suggests

500 mg

per day on an empty stomach, every other day for a minimum of five weeks. For

very

sensitive patients, 250 mg per day, every other day may be necessary, with an

increase to

500 mg after two to three weeks, for a total of five weeks of therapy. More

studies need to

be done to define optimal dosing strategies for this substance. Be aware that

sulfhydryl

compounds in DMSA will make urine very smelly. Patients should be warned about

that so

that they won't be surprised.

>

> Some advocate the use of hydrolyzed whey protein as an adjunct to DMSA because

it

contains a lot of cysteine and cysteine residues which can be of benefit while

using DMSA.

Cysteine is the rate-limiting step in glutathione production, which is necessary

for fecal

heavy metal excretion and hepato-protection. Whey also contains branched-chain

amino

acids which occupy transport sites at the blood-brain barrier, effectively

keeping bound

metals from being re-deposited in the brain. Supplemental dosing of

N-acetylcysteine,

500 mg three times per day, can also be helpful.

>

> A multi-mineral supplement is a must when taking DMSA, and it should also be

taken

between cycles and for some time after treatment is ended. This is so because,

besides

heavy metals, DMSA also chelates and eliminates good minerals, such as zinc and

magnesium.

>

> DMSA for the brain

> The organic mercury species with greatest toxicity are methylmercury

compounds,

which have a high affinity for the brain and nervous system. No other substance

has been

found to absorb better and cross the blood brain barrier and remove mercury from

the

brain more effectively than DMSA. DMPS is much less effective. DMPS is also 3

times more

toxic than DMSA, based on its LD-50 (the dose at which 50 percent of laboratory

animals

die). Animal studies show DMSA to be almost 3 times more effective than DMPS in

removing brain mercury. DMSA has the added advantage that it is taken by mouth

in

capsule form, whereas DMPS must be given by injection.

>

> Order DMSA

>

>

> ---------------------------------

> also said body odors from DMSA are common; such as odorous feet; sweat

glands; etc.

>

>