Lysine, Arginine & bone growth

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=1\

486246 & dopt=Abstract

Nutrition 1992 Nov-Dec;8(6):400-5 Related Articles, Books, LinkOut

Dietary L-lysine and calcium metabolism in humans.

Civitelli R, Villareal DT, Agnusdei D, Nardi P, Avioli LV, Gennari C.

Institute of Medical Pathology, University of Siena, Italy.

Calcium deficiency contributes to age-related bone loss; consequently, any

preventive approach to osteoporosis should

include dietary Ca adjustment or supplementation.

The ideal Ca supplement would yield the greatest bioavailability.

Studies in animals have shown that dietary supplements with certain amino acids,

particularly L-lysine, can increase Ca

absorption.

Therefore, we examined the potential effect of this essential amino acid on Ca

metabolism in humans.

In one study, the acute effects of an oral Ca load (3 g as CaCl2) administered

with or without 400 mg of L-lysine were

compared in 15 healthy and 15 osteoporotic women.

In all cases, the oral Ca load determined a progressive increase in serum total

Ca and Ca2+ and a concomitant decrease

in neophrogenous cAMP.

As expected, a progressive increase in urinary Ca excretion was also observed,

except in the L-lysine-treated healthy

subjects, who exhibited a blunted calciuric response to the Ca load.

In a second study, the effects of a short-term dietary supplementation with

either L-lysine, L-valine, or L-tryptophan

(800 mg/day) on 47Ca fraction absorption were compared in 45 osteoporotic

patients.

L-Lysine but not L-valine or L-tryptophan significantly increased the intestinal

absorption of the mineral.

Our results suggest that L-lysine can both enhance intestinal Ca absorption and

improve the renal conservation of the

absorbed Ca.

The combined effects may contribute to a positive Ca balance, thus suggesting a

potential usefulness of L-lysine

supplements for both preventive and therapeutic interventions in osteoporosis.

PMID: 1486246 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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So here is the second part of the earlier paper I posted showing how Arginine

(via boosted NO inhibition of osteoclast

activity) & Lysine improved bone growth.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=1\

1393808 & dopt=Abstract

Biomed Pharmacother 2001 May;55(4):213-20 Related Articles, Books

Effect of L-lysine and L-arginine on primary osteoblast cultures from normal and

osteopenic rats.

Fini M, Torricelli P, Giavaresi G, Carpi A, Nicolini A, Giardino R.

Experimental Surgery Department, Research Institute Codivilla-Putti, Rizzoli

Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.

milena.fini@...

A therapeutic role of amino acids L-lysine (Lys) and L-arginine (Arg) in

osteoporosis and fracture healing was

demonstrated previously by in vivo studies.

In the present study, primary cultures of osteoblasts were used to investigate

the effect of amino acids on gene

expression (alkaline phosphatase activity, ALP; osteocalcin, OC; type I

collagen), nitric oxide production (NO) and

proliferation (MTT) of cells.

Cells were isolated from the distal femurs of normal and osteopenic rats. Normal

and osteopenic bone-derived cells were

divided into four groups: control, Lys (0.587 mg/mL/d), Arg (0.625 mg/mL/d), and

Lys + Arg (0.587 + 0.625 mg/mL/d).

No evidence of differences between normal and osteopenic bone-derived cultures

in basal conditions was observed.

A significant (P = 0.002) increase of 10.4% in NO production was observed in

normal bone-derived osteoblasts treated

with Lys + Arg when compared to the control group at 7 days.

At the same time, normal bone-derived osteoblasts treated with Arg and Lys + Arg

showed significant increases in type I

collagen synthesis of 25.3% and 28.4%, respectively, when compared to the

control group.

Osteopenic bone-derived osteoblasts showed significant (P = 0.002) increases of

27.6% in MTT and 28.7% in cell count at

48 hours when treated with Lys + Arg in comparison with the control group.

At 7 days, NO production and type I collagen synthesis increased significantly

(P< 0.005) both in osteopenic

bone-derived osteoblasts treated with Arg (NO: 18.5%; type I collagen: 34.4%)

and Lys + Arg (NO: 23.7%; type I collagen:

20.9%) compared to the control group.

Finally, a significant (P = 0.025) decrease of 5.8% in OC level was observed in

osteopenic bone-derived osteoblasts

treated with Arg.

Results suggest that the potential therapeutic effect of Lys and Arg on bone

could be related, at least in part, to an

improvement of NO production and type I collagen synthesis by osteoblasts both

in normal and in osteopenic bone.

In osteopenic bone-derived osteoblasts this synthetic phase is preceded by an

initial increase of cell proliferation.

PMID: 11393808 [PubMed - in process]

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084436 & dopt=Abstract

Minerva Med 1994 Jun;85(6):327-32 Related Articles, Books

Experience regarding the use of arginine-lysine-lactose treatment in menopausal

osteoporosis.

Bellati U, Liberati M.

Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Universita degli Studi, G. D'Annunzi, Cheti.

Two matched groups of postmenopausal patients were treated respectively with

calcitonin or calcitonin and an

arginine-lysine-glycerophosphoric acid-lactose association.

The rationale underlying this therapy took the form of data in the literature

which indicated an action of these amino

acids and lactose on calcium absorption and on the metabolism of protein

components in the skeletal structure.

The following tests were performed: mineralometric evaluation, evaluation of

painful symptoms and intake of

pain-relieving drugs, serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase,

osteocalcin, parathormone, and

calciuria and hydroxyproline.

These parameters were assayed at the beginning and end of treatment which lasted

six months.

The results, or in other words the comparison between the two groups, basal or

after treatment, and the values recorded

before and after treatment in each group, enable the authors to affirm that the

administration of the

arginine-lysine-glycerophosphoric acid-lactose association leads to an increase

in bone density and plasma osteocalcin,

a reduction in painful symptoms and analgesic intake, and a reduction in the

serum levels of parathromone and

hydroxyproline.

Data reported in the literature support the conclusion that the results obtained

are the consequence of an improved

intestinal absorption calcium.

It is highly probable that the protein components of the association

administered, arginine-lysine-glycerophosphoric

acid-lactose, also exercise a direct action on osteoblasts and on the metabolism

of bone matrix protein components.

PMID: 8084436 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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712622 & dopt=Abstract

Ann Ital Chir 1996 Jan-Feb;67(1):77-82; discussion 82-3 Related Articles, Books,

LinkOut

[Role of lactose, arginine and lysine combination in fracture healing (an

experimental study)].

Fini M, Giardino R, Nicoli Aldini N, i L, Rocca M, Bertoni F, Capelli S,

Cantelli Forti G, Sapone A, Rossetti A,

Morrone G, Giavaresi G.

Cattedra di Fisiopatologia Chirurgica, Universita di Bologna.

L-arginine and L-lysine are essential amino acids which seem to possess some

properties able to influence bone fractures

healing.

In fact, they seem to be involved not only in the increase of intestinal calcium

adsorption but also in collagen

synthesis, in insulin and growth hormone secretion and in osteoblastic

activation.

So, an experimental in vivo model was carried out by using 50 adult rabbits

which, under general anaesthesia, were

submitted to an osteotomy of the left fibula.

Animals were divided into 5 groups and were daily treated with a mixture of

lactose, L-arginine and L-lysine or with the

only lactose (control group) at the same dosage as recommended for humans.

They were sacrificed after 15, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days for radiological and

histological studies.

The results of the study showed that the pharmacological mixture containing

L-arginine and L-lysine accelerates and

ameliorates the healing processes and this positive effect was particularly

evident from the 30th day after the

osteotomy.

We think that these results are linked not only to calcium metabolism but also

to different biological properties which

positively contribute to a good healing of bone fractures.

PMID: 8712622 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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028755 & dopt=Abstract

Minerva Med 1994 May;85(5):253-9 Related Articles, Books, LinkOut

[The effects of the carbocalcitonin + arginine-lysine-lactose combination in

senile involutional osteoporosis].

Abate G, Taormina F, Brillante C, Fraccalaglio L.

Cattedra di Geriatria, Universita degli Studi G. D'Annunzio, Chieti.

Numerous osteometabolic factors are implicated in the bone mass loss which

occurs with ageing.

Among these a significant role is played by the impairment of intestinal calcium

absorption which may be attributed in

the elderly to various factors such as the reduction of chlorhydro-peptic

secretion, the correlated deficiency of

vitamin D and their relative duodenal receptors.

In order to evaluate the clinical efficacy of an arginine-lysine-lactose

preparation a group of 40 subjects with senile

involutional osteoporosis was studied.

The subjects were divided into two groups using random criteria and were treated

with carbocalcitonin alone (40 UMRC day

i.m. on alternative days) or carbocalcitonin association complex.

The following parameters were evaluated in basal conditions and after six months

of treatment: bone mass density (BMD)

using computerised bone mineralometry, bone pain, intake of analgesics, serum

levels of calcium, phosphorus, alkaline

phosphatase, osteocalcin, parathormone, as well as calciuria and

hydroxyprolinuria.

The comparison between the two groups shows a more marked increment in BMD in

subjects treated with

arginine-lysine-lactose, a greater reduction in painful symptoms, and a more

evident and significant reduction of

parathormone and hydroxyprolinuria levels.

These effects appear to be due to a distinct improvement in intestinal calcium

absorption mediated by lysine and

lactose, and probably to a positive action played by the amino acid at the level

of support structures.

PMID: 8028755 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Good Health & Long Life,

Greg ,

http://www.ozemail.com.au/~gowatson

gowatson@...

[Guest guest]

--- In @y..., " Greg " <gowatson@a...>

wrote:

> Studies in animals have shown that dietary supplements with certain

amino acids, particularly L-lysine, can increase Ca

> absorption.

>

Interesting. My teenage son must take 1 gram or more of extra lysine

a day, even though his diet is relatively rich in it - or he gets

canker sores in his mouth. I used to get them as a child and teenager

as well. I understand that lysine and arginine must be balanced. So

many complexities to really getting ON!

[Guest guest]

I too have had many outbreaks of oral canker sores since my

childhood (currently 39 yo), usually one after another for several

weeks. A real drag. . About 10 years ago I found taking lysine just

as they emerged reduced the severity and limited the number of

additional sores forming while the current ones heal.

Since being on the CRON diet I have had maybe 2 mild cases in

the past year, ALOT less than I usually get. Not sure if it is CRON

related, but if it is it's another BIG advantage.

Joe

At 02:33 AM 6/12/02 +0000, you wrote:

--- In @y..., " Greg " <gowatson@a...>

wrote:

> Studies in animals have shown that dietary supplements with certain

amino acids, particularly L-lysine, can increase Ca

> absorption.

>

Interesting. My teenage son must take 1 gram or more of extra lysine

a day, even though his diet is relatively rich in it - or he gets

canker sores in his mouth. I used to get them as a child and teenager

as well. I understand that lysine and arginine must be balanced. So

many complexities to really getting ON!