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£¨*£©¹úÄÚ¶àÒýÓÃ[Pervasive developmental disorders: controversies

concerning the classification of autism]

[Article in Polish]

Pisula E.

Pracownia Psychologii Rehabilitacyjnej, Wydzial Psychologii

Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego.

Autistic Disorder was described by Leo Kanner in 1943. Since that

time not only the name of this disorder (initially early infantile

autism) has changed but also it's relation to other disorders. DSM-IV

includes autism together with Rett's Disorder, Childhood

Disintegrative Disorder, Asperger's Disorder and Pervasive

Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified into one category:

Pervasive Developmental Disorders. The definition and contents of

Pervasive Developmental Disorders raise many controversies.

Differentiation between particular disorders within this category is

also difficult. This paper discusses some of these problems.

PMID: 11055183 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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½«Äê·Ý¶¨Îª1943Äê

±¾ÎÄÒýÓÃ: Rev Neurol. 2003 Feb;36 Suppl 1:S61-7. Related Articles,

Links

[Clinical features of epilepsy in autism spectrum disorders]

[Article in Spanish]

Mu oz Yunta JA, Salvado B, Ortiz Alonso T, Amo C, Fernandez Lucas A,

Maestu F, Palau Baduell M.

Hospital Universitario del Mar, Barcelona, Espa a.

Autism is a rare disease, but is currently in vogue. An incidence of

1/1 000 has been estimated for early childhood autism, but in autism

spectrum the incidence can reach 30/1 000. The clinical

characteristics of autism are cognitive language disorders, lack of

social interaction, obsessive behaviours with stereotypic movements

and epilepsy. For some authors it is an associated symptom while for

others it is a cardinal symptom of the disease. Epilepsy in autism,

as an association, was reported as early as 1944 by Leo Kanner, in

describing his initial work involving 11 cases and how one of them

suffered from epilepsy. In 1960, the prevalence of epilepsy among

autistic patients was evaluated and found to be much higher than in

the normal population. The figures differ from author to author, but

really they depend on age: the higher the age, the greater the

prevalence of epilepsy. It was in fact this detail that drew our

attention to this issue, and triggered the first questions in our

research into autism and epilepsy. The series vary from 4 to 86%,

depending on the methodology used to confirm the epilepsy. In our

casuistics, between the ages of 1 and 18 years, 40% of these children

with autism spectrum disorders suffer some kind of epileptic

seizures, and 46% suffer what other researchers call subclinical

seizures . In this paper, the symptomatology of the most important

subclinical seizures that have been observed in these children is

presented; the diseases associated with autism are commented on; the

concept of primary and secondary autism is discussed; we explain why

seizures occur in autism and their consequences as a

neurodevelopmental disorder, and we put forward an interesting

hypothesis within our general theory of autism. We also comment on

the importance that the use of functional magnetic images in the

study of autism has in our research.

PMID: 12599105 [PubMed - in process]

ËùÒÔ±¾ÎĽ«Äê·Ý¶¨ÓÚÕýʽ±¨¸æÐγɵÄ1944Äê¡°Epilepsy in autism, as an

association, was reported as early as 1944 by Leo Kanner, in

describing his initial work involving 11 cases and how one of them

suffered from epilepsy. ¡±

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