Fluoride and Lead

[Guest guest]

Gotta love how the EPA looks out for us:)

/This abstract reports heightened risks for elevated blood lead among

communities with fluoridated water systems using silicofluoride

compounds. Apparently, these have never been tested by manufacturers

or the EPA for their neurotoxicity or other health effects./

**

*Confirmation Of and Explanations For Elevated Blood Lead and Other

Disorders

in Children Exposed to Water Disinfection and Fluoridation Chemicals. *

M. Coplan, S. Patch, R. Masters, M. Bachman

(1) Intellequity Technology Services, (2) Dartmouth College, (3)

Environmental Quality Institute, University of North Carolina

http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0161813X07000459

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ABSTRACT

Silicofluorides (SiFs), fluosilicic acid (FSA) and sodium fluosilicate

(NaFSA), are used to fluoridate over 90% of US fluoridated municipal

water supplies. Living in communities with silicofluoride treated water

(SiFW) is associated with two neurotoxic effects:

(1) Prevalence of children with elevated blood lead (PbB > 10 ?g/dL) is

about double that in non-fluoridated communities (Risk Ratio 2, ?2 p <

0.01).

SiFW is associated with serious corrosion of lead-bearing brass

plumbing, producing elevated water lead (PbW) at the faucet. New data

refute the long-prevailing belief that PbW contributes little to

children's blood lead (PbB), it is likely to contribute 50% or more.

(2) SiFW has been shown to interfere with cholinergic function.

Unlike the fully ionized state of fluoride (F- ) in water treated with

sodium fluoride (NaFW), the SiF anion, [siF6]2- in SiFW releases F- in a

complicated dissociation process. Small amounts of incompletely

dissociated [siF6]2- or low molecular weight (LMW) silicic acid (SA)

oligomers may remain in SiFW. A German PhD study found that SiFW is a

more powerful inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) than NaFW.

It is proposed here that SiFW induces protein mis-folding via a

mechanism that would affect polypeptides in general, and explain dental

fluorosis, a tooth enamel defect that is not merely " cosmetic " but a

" canary in the mine " foretelling other adverse, albeit subtle, health

and behavioral effects. Efforts to refute evidence of such effects are

analyzed and rebutted.

In 1999 and 2000, senior EPA personnel admitted they knew of no health

effects studies of SiFs. In 2002 SiFs were nominated for NTP animal

testing. In 2006 an NRC Fluoride Study Committee recommended such

studies. It is not known at this writing whether any had begun.

KEY WORDS: Elevated blood lead, silicofluoride, fluosilicate, brass

corrosion, enzyme inhibition, fluorosis