antibiotics OR caesarean alter development of intestinal microbiota in eary postnatal period

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Influence of antibiotic exposure in the early postnatal period on the

development of intestinal microbiota.

Tanaka S et al.

FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2009 Apr 6. [Epub ahead of print]

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The influence of antibiotic exposure in the early postnatal period on

the development of intestinal microbiota was monitored in 26 infants

including five antibiotic-treatedsubjects orally administered a

broad-spectrum antibiotic for the first 4 days of life and three

caesarean-delivered (CD) subjects whose mothers were intravenously

injected by the similar type of antibiotics in the same period. The

faecal bacterial composition was analysed daily for the first 5 days and

monthly for the first 2 months. Terminal restriction fragment length

polymor-phisms in the AT subjects showed less diversity with the

attenuation of the colonization of some bacterial groups, especially in

Bifidobacterium and unusual colonization of Enterococcus in the first

week than the control antibiotic-free infants (AF, n=18). Quantitative

real-time PCR showed overgrowth of enterococci (day 3, P=0.01; day 5,

P=0.003; month 1, P=0.01) and arrested growth of Bifidobacterium (day 3,

P=0.03) in the AT group. Furthermore, after 1 month, the

Enterobacteriaceae population was markedly higher in the AT group than

in the AF group (month 1, P=0.02; month 2, P=0.02). CD infants sustained

similar, although relatively weaker, alteration in the developing

microbiota. These results indicate that antibiotic exposure at the

beginning of life greatly influences the development of neonatal

intestinal microbiota.

PMID: 19385995