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[TERM] EN>FR: deficiency

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This maybe a stupid question, and I apologize in advance if it is.

I am trying to figure out the meaning of the various translation of the English

term deficiency (see examples below). I see it translated in French as either

carence, déficit or déficience, and I have a hard time understanding the

differences. From a medical point of view, are there any basic differences

between these French terms? Is this a medical question or a linguistic one?

Here are a few examples found on the web. I cannot, of course, guarantee their

accuracy, but maybe they will give you an idea of why I am TOTALLY confused.

1) Il est assez rare de trouver des individus souffrant d'une carence en

potassium causée par un apport inadéquat. Les déficiences sont plus souvent

attribuables à l'acidose diabétique, la déshydratation, les vomissements

fréquents ou la diarrhée.

2) Le syndrome hémorragique est cependant plus fréquent en cas de carence aiguë

en folates.

3) L'augmentation de l'homocystéine sérique ne permet pas de différencier

l'origine de la carence vitaminique. En revanche, la mesure de l'excrétion

urinaire de l'acide méthylmalonique caractérise le déficit en cobalamine.

4) Les autres examens sont dictés par l'origine du déficit et la présence

d'autres signes cliniques orientant vers une pathologie particulière.

(No 3 and 4 are taken from the very same document and follow each other.)

Thank you in advance to anybody who can shed some light on this.

Dominique

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