RE: ultramarines and oxides

August 2, 2001

Iron oxides are a combination of iron and oxygen. Iron rarely exists in a

natural state. Most of the iron oxides available are synthetically produced,

due to FDA regulations that strictly prohibit the use of natural iron oxides

in cosmetics. This is an issue of purity, and natural iron oxides are more

likely to contain high levels of impurities than synthetic versions.

Ultramarines are made synthetically by heating a mixture of kaolin clay,

sodium carbonate, sulfur, silica, carbon, and resin to very high

temperatures. The FDA has approved their use in cosmetics and toiletries.

Ultramarines are insoluble in water. Incorporate into raw soap before

pouring into molds.

For more info: Visit http://www.sweetscentsoap.com/soapsupplies.htm

-

August 2, 2001

Dianne,

All pigments used in personal care products are synthetic. They are

manufactured. The most common oxides that you think about are those listed

as iron oxide. Most people think of rust when they hear iron oxide. The

pigments called iron oxide actually can be one of three forms of iron oxide.

Specifically they can be: FeO, Fe2O3 and FeO(OH)2. Various combinations of

these forms of iron oxide will provide shades of russet, ochre and black.

These basic colors can be blended and diluted on talc to give various

'dirty' shades of reds, yellows, tans, oranges, browns and black.

There are two green pigments, chromium oxide greens and chromium hydroxide

green. Chromium oxide greens are a yellow shade of green and chromium

hydroxide green is a blue shade of green.

Ultramarines are another class of inorganic pigments.

Below is the monograph definition from the 7th Ed CTFA for ultramarines.

ULTRAMARINES

CAS Number(s): 1317-97-1; 1345-00-2; 12769-96-9

EINECS Number(s): 215-711-3; 235-811-0

Empirical Formula:

Definition: Ultramarines (blue, green, pink, red and violet) are synthetic

pigments composed of complex sodium aluminum sulfosilicates having a typical

formula Na(AlSiO)S with proportions of each element varying with each

color. ..US laws and regulations prohibit any cosmetic product intended for

sale in the United States from containing a colorant that has not been

previously approved by the US FDA, and that does not meet applicable

standards and specifications as found in 21 CFR 73 & 74. (NOTE: Each batch

of an approved synthetic organic colorant must be certified by the US FDA as

meeting these standards and specifications.) An exception to this

prohibition exists for " coal tar " colorants used in hair dye products which

also meet other specific regulatory requirements. See Regulatory Information

in the Introduction. ..To identify the colorant meeting the requirements for

labeling purposes in the US, the INCI Name Ultramarines must be used. ..To

identify the colorant allowed for use in the European Union (EU), when

regulations for ingredient labeling under the 6th Amendment to the EC

Cosmetics Directive go into effect, the INCI Name CI 77007 will be used in

the EU except when used in hair dye products. See Regulatory Information in

the Introduction.

Information Source(s): See note below regarding entries, and

links.21CFR73.50, 21CFR73.2725, 21CFR177.1680, 21CFR177.2600, 21CFR177.2800,

21CFR178.3297, CI 77007, CI 77013, EEC(IV/1), JCIC, JCLS, JSCI, M3,

MI-12(9980), TSCA

Chemical Class(es): Color Additives - Exempt from Batch Certification by the

U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Inorganics

Function(s): Colorant

Reported Product Categories: Eye Shadows; Mascara; Hair Dyes and Colors (All

Types Requiring Caution Statements and Patch Tests); Eyeliners; Eye Makeup

Preparations, Misc.; Face Powders; Blushers (All types); Bath Soaps and

Detergents; Makeup Bases; Hair Bleaches; Hair Coloring Preparations, Misc.;

Lipsticks; Eyebrow Pencils; Rouges; Body and Hand Preparations (Excluding

Shaving Preparations); Foundations; Makeup Preparations (Not eye), Misc.;

Moisturizing Preparations; Powders (g and Talcum, Excluding Aftershave

Talcs); Paste Masks (Mud Packs); Makeup Fixatives; Skin Care Preparations,

Misc.

Technical Name(s):

CI 77007

CI 77013

Cosmetic Ultramarine Blue

Pigment Blue 29

Pigment Green 24

Pigment Violet 15

Ultramarine

Ultramarine Blue

Ultramarine Green

Ultramarine Pink

Ultramarine Red

Ultramarine Violet

Below is the monograph for iron oxides:

IRON OXIDES

CAS Number(s): 1309-37-1 (Ferric Oxide); 1345-25-1 (Ferrous Oxide);

1317-61-9 (Ferrosoferric Oxide); 1309-38-2; 20344-49-4; 51274-00-1

EINECS Number(s): 215-168-2; 215-721-8; 215-277-5

Empirical Formula:

Definition: Iron Oxides is an inorganic compound consisting of any one or

combinations of synthetically prepared iron oxides, including the hydrated

forms. ..US laws and regulations prohibit any cosmetic product intended for