Drug grows brain cells

[Guest guest]

Researchers have found a drug that can help the brain grow new cells and said

their study may lead to ways to improve experimental Alzheimer's drugs.

The researchers' work, done on rodents, builds on findings that all mammals,

including humans, make brain cells throughout their lives. Most of these die,

but this drug helps more of the baby cells survive and grow to become

functioning brain cells.

" We make new neurons every day in our brain, " Pieper of the University of

Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas who worked on the study, said in a

telephone interview. " What our compound does in allow more of them to survive. "

The compound is called P7C3 for now, and the researchers have already started

tweaking it to make it more effective. They said it seems safe and appears to

work even when taken as a pill.

The compound is similar to Medivation Inc and Pfizer Inc's experimental

Alzheimer's drug, Dimebon, and may provide ways to improve its effects, Pieper

and colleagues reported in the journal Cell.

It is also similar to some compounds owned by Serono, the researchers said.

Dimebon, originally a Russian-made antihistamine also known as latrepirdine,

failed in a clinical trial forAlzheimer's disease in March.

" For the sake of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease, it is hoped that

the apparently marginal clinical utility of Dimebon might be enhanced by

improvements in both its potency and ceiling of

proneurogenic,neuroprotective efficacy, " the researchers wrote.

" If so, our work offers concrete assays for the development of improved versions

of these neuroprotective drugs. "

Alzheimer's gradually destroys the brain and affects 26 million people globally.

Drugs, such as Pfizer's Aricept, improve symptoms only minimally.

OLD RATS, NEW TRICKS

The researchers went through 1,000 representative compounds from 300,000

chemicals, pooled them and administered them to mice. They then dissected the

brains to see whether any of the mice had made new cells in the hippocampus, a

region of the brain associated with learning and memory.

They eventually narrowed the field to P7C3.

When they gave it to old rats for two months, the elderly rodents did far better

than other old rats in learning their way around a water maze.

When dissected, the treated rats turned out to have three times the usual number

of newborn neurons in a brain region called the dentate gyrus.

They made a derivative of P7C3 called A20 that worked even better.

When the researchers tested Dimebon and the Serono compounds, they found these

drugs also stimulated the growth of new brain cells. Being able to target their

effects could lead to better drugs to treat Alzheimer's and perhaps other

diseases that destroy brain cells like strokes and amyotrophic lateral

sclerosis, also know as ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease.

" This striking demonstration of a treatment that stems age-related cognitive

decline in living animals points the way to potential development of the first

cures that will address the core illness process in Alzheimer's disease, " said

Dr. Insel, director of the National Institute on Mental Health, which

helped pay for the study.

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