Jump to content
RemedySpot.com

Re: Atherosclerosis

Rate this topic


Guest guest

Recommended Posts

Guest guest

I don't know about KT, but sea salt does. I googled

'arterial plaque' + 'sea salt'

and found a number of entries on the subject.

Dr Brownstein researched table salt as a cause of hypertension and

found nothing. So he treats such patients with sea salt and get good

results.

Dorothy

>

> Does KT have a beneficial effect on dissolving arterial plaque?

> Thank You -

> Lawrence

>

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Guest guest

I don't know about KT, but sea salt does. I googled

'arterial plaque' + 'sea salt'

and found a number of entries on the subject.

Dr Brownstein researched table salt as a cause of hypertension and

found nothing. So he treats such patients with sea salt and get good

results.

Dorothy

>

> Does KT have a beneficial effect on dissolving arterial plaque?

> Thank You -

> Lawrence

>

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Guest guest

> Does KT have a beneficial effect on dissolving arterial plaque?

Hello Lawrence,

If you google Kombucha and arteriosclerosis (which is the plaque in the

arteries) you come up with an astounding array of sites.

Kombucha is definitely supposed to be very beneficial against arterial

plaque.

The Happy herbalist recommends a tablespoon of Kombucha vinegar daily

to combat arteriosclerosis.

http://www.happyherbalist.com/vinegar_recipes_for_health.htm

http://www.mamaherb.com/Treatments/View.aspx?id=4002 Treatments - Treating

Arteriosclerosis With Kombucha . - Mamaherb – What actually works in natural

health

This site claims that Kombucha contains beta carotene which is new to me.

Anyway, large amounts of beta carotene increase the elasticity of the

bloodvessels. SO, get stuck into your carrots ;-) !

This site makes the amazing statement that if you drink a glass of

Kombucha at bedtime your symptoms of arteriosclerosis should be resolved in

a month.

Sounds too good to be true, but you certainly won't lose anything by

following this advice.

Read some of the sites under 'Kombucha and arteriosclerosis' yourself and

draw your own conclusions.

With very best wishes,

Margret UK :-)

--

+------------------ Minstrel@... --------------------+

<:))))<>< http://www.therpc.f9.co.uk <:))))<><

http://www.AnswersInGenesis.com

- God sent His only Son into the world -

- so that we might have life through Him (1 4) -

Link to comment
Share on other sites

  • 1 year later...

Thanks for the post!

Christian Mathisen, DC

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the "intima". In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the microscope as an area of fat accumulation ("fatty streak"), In addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol. Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as "collagen". The fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed. Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Thanks for the post!

Christian Mathisen, DC

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the "intima". In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the microscope as an area of fat accumulation ("fatty streak"), In addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol. Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as "collagen". The fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed. Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

So what is it about a blood vessel that

allows cholesterol laden LDLs in to the intima to begin with? If that could be

prevented the chain of events of inflammation and scarring would be prevented.

s. fuchs dc

From: Christian

Mathisen [mailto:cmathdc@...]

Sent: Friday, October 30, 2009

7:52 AM

;

Sharron Fuchs

Subject: Re:

Atherosclerosis

Thanks for the post!

Christian Mathisen, DC

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great

description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s

is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called

hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks,

strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process

whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's

Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th

Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in

which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the

" intima " . In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the

development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the

blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will

diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these

lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty

acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they

accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the

microscope as an area of fat accumulation ( " fatty streak " ), In

addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of

sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of

white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors

in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is

analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an

accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up

residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell

formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into

macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a

portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is

pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the

macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol.

Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may

leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein

(HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the

fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of

smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by

the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle

cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The

smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as " collagen " . The

fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed.

Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature

atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes

the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood

clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

It is the emotional subluxation known as stress........

Danno

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the "intima". In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the microscope as an area of fat accumulation ("fatty streak"), In addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol. Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as "collagen". The fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed. Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

No virus found in this incoming message.Checked by AVG - www.avg.com Version: 8.5.423 / Virus Database: 270.14.39/2469 - Release Date: 10/30/09 07:52:00

Link to comment
Share on other sites

It is the emotional subluxation known as stress........

Danno

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the "intima". In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the microscope as an area of fat accumulation ("fatty streak"), In addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol. Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as "collagen". The fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed. Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

No virus found in this incoming message.Checked by AVG - www.avg.com Version: 8.5.423 / Virus Database: 270.14.39/2469 - Release Date: 10/30/09 07:52:00

Link to comment
Share on other sites

So stress hormones damage the intima and

allow vessels to be ‘invaded’?

s. fuchs dc

From: D Beebe,

D.C. [mailto:daniel.beebe@...]

Sent: Friday, October 30, 2009

11:26 AM

Sharron Fuchs;

Subject: Re:

Atherosclerosis

It is the emotional subluxation known as stress........

Danno

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great

description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s

is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called

hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks,

strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process

whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's

Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine

(15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in

which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the

" intima " . In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the

development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the

blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will

diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these

lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty

acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As

they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the

microscope as an area of fat accumulation ( " fatty streak " ), In

addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of

sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of

white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors

in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is

analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an

accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up

residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell

formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into

macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a

portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is

pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the

macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol.

Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may

leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein

(HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the

fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of

smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by

the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle

cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The

smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as " collagen " . The

fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed.

Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature

atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes

the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood

clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

size=2 width="100%"

align=center>

No virus found in this incoming message.

Checked by AVG - www.avg.com

Version: 8.5.423 / Virus Database: 270.14.39/2469 - Release Date: 10/30/09

07:52:00

Link to comment
Share on other sites

So stress hormones damage the intima and

allow vessels to be ‘invaded’?

s. fuchs dc

From: D Beebe,

D.C. [mailto:daniel.beebe@...]

Sent: Friday, October 30, 2009

11:26 AM

Sharron Fuchs;

Subject: Re:

Atherosclerosis

It is the emotional subluxation known as stress........

Danno

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great

description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s

is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called

hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks,

strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process

whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's

Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine

(15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in

which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the

" intima " . In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the

development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the

blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will

diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these

lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty

acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As

they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the

microscope as an area of fat accumulation ( " fatty streak " ), In

addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of

sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of

white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors

in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is

analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an

accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up

residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell

formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into

macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a

portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is

pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the

macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol.

Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may

leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein

(HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the

fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of

smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by

the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle

cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The

smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as " collagen " . The

fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed.

Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature

atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes

the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood

clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

size=2 width="100%"

align=center>

No virus found in this incoming message.

Checked by AVG - www.avg.com

Version: 8.5.423 / Virus Database: 270.14.39/2469 - Release Date: 10/30/09

07:52:00

Link to comment
Share on other sites

There are a whole plethora of changes that occur secondary to the release of the so called stress hormones... one of which has to do w/ membrane permeability changes.......

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the "intima". In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the microscope as an area of fat accumulation ("fatty streak"), In addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol. Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as "collagen". The fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed. Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.size=2 width="100%" align=center>

No virus found in this incoming message.Checked by AVG - www.avg.com Version: 8.5.423 / Virus Database: 270.14.39/2469 - Release Date: 10/30/09 07:52:00

No virus found in this incoming message.Checked by AVG - www.avg.com Version: 8.5.423 / Virus Database: 270.14.39/2469 - Release Date: 10/30/09 07:52:00

Link to comment
Share on other sites

So, the smaller, sticker LDL will stick to the intima when the artery is unprotected by its supply of NO. If you have a lot of these smaller particles, especially the unnatural ones formed from trans and hydrogenated fats (yep there are "bad fats," Virginia) in the standard American Diet, you will get stuck. These fats are anaerobic in nature and when there is hypertriglyceridemia, there will be a shift to the smaller, denser, atherogenic form of LDL.

This is my conjecture of mechanism, I have no double blind study or research university to back me up. However, A high unnatural fat diet has been known to kill people. Fix the triglycerides and we see a shift in pattern.

Christian Mathisen, DC

3654 S Pacific Hwy

Medford, OR 97501

cmathdc@...

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the "intima". In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the microscope as an area of fat accumulation ("fatty streak"), In addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol. Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as "collagen". The fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed. Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

So, the smaller, sticker LDL will stick to the intima when the artery is unprotected by its supply of NO. If you have a lot of these smaller particles, especially the unnatural ones formed from trans and hydrogenated fats (yep there are "bad fats," Virginia) in the standard American Diet, you will get stuck. These fats are anaerobic in nature and when there is hypertriglyceridemia, there will be a shift to the smaller, denser, atherogenic form of LDL.

This is my conjecture of mechanism, I have no double blind study or research university to back me up. However, A high unnatural fat diet has been known to kill people. Fix the triglycerides and we see a shift in pattern.

Christian Mathisen, DC

3654 S Pacific Hwy

Medford, OR 97501

cmathdc@...

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the "intima". In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the microscope as an area of fat accumulation ("fatty streak"), In addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol. Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as "collagen". The fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed. Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Another issue that gets overlooked is that the walls of the arteries become weak due to lack of pulsating blood flow from exercise, allowing "cracks" to occur. The body uses cholesterol to patch-up the cracks. "Move it or lose it" applies to blood vessels too - they need that great shear stress from a pounding heart to keep their elasticity and strength! Jamey Dyson, DC, CCWPAdvanced Chiropractic1295 Wallace Rd NWSalem, OR 97304503-361-3949drjdyson1@... On Oct 30, 2009, at 12:18 PM, Christian Mathisen wrote:So, the smaller, sticker LDL will stick to the intima when the artery is unprotected by its supply of NO. If you have a lot of these smaller particles, especially the unnatural ones formed from trans and hydrogenated fats (yep there are "bad fats," Virginia) in the standard American Diet, you will get stuck. These fats are anaerobic in nature and when there is hypertriglyceridemia, there will be a shift to the smaller, denser, atherogenic form of LDL. This is my conjecture of mechanism, I have no double blind study or research university to back me up. However, A high unnatural fat diet has been known to kill people. Fix the triglycerides and we see a shift in pattern. Christian Mathisen, DC3654 S Pacific HwyMedford, OR 97501cmathdcjeffnet (DOT) org Atherosclerosis This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s is one of my most used resources.s. fuchs dchttp://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdfATHEROSCLEROSISBY L. Duffy, MDAtherosclerosis is commonly called hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's Mucusless Diet Healing System.In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the "intima". In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.The earliest step in the development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the microscope as an area of fat accumulation ("fatty streak"), In addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.The second step is the arrival of white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up residence in the intima.The third step is foam-cell formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol. Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.At this stage macrophages may leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the fatty area may recede or remain stationary.The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as "collagen". The fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed. Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Another issue that gets overlooked is that the walls of the arteries become weak due to lack of pulsating blood flow from exercise, allowing "cracks" to occur. The body uses cholesterol to patch-up the cracks. "Move it or lose it" applies to blood vessels too - they need that great shear stress from a pounding heart to keep their elasticity and strength! Jamey Dyson, DC, CCWPAdvanced Chiropractic1295 Wallace Rd NWSalem, OR 97304503-361-3949drjdyson1@... On Oct 30, 2009, at 12:18 PM, Christian Mathisen wrote:So, the smaller, sticker LDL will stick to the intima when the artery is unprotected by its supply of NO. If you have a lot of these smaller particles, especially the unnatural ones formed from trans and hydrogenated fats (yep there are "bad fats," Virginia) in the standard American Diet, you will get stuck. These fats are anaerobic in nature and when there is hypertriglyceridemia, there will be a shift to the smaller, denser, atherogenic form of LDL. This is my conjecture of mechanism, I have no double blind study or research university to back me up. However, A high unnatural fat diet has been known to kill people. Fix the triglycerides and we see a shift in pattern. Christian Mathisen, DC3654 S Pacific HwyMedford, OR 97501cmathdcjeffnet (DOT) org Atherosclerosis This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s is one of my most used resources.s. fuchs dchttp://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdfATHEROSCLEROSISBY L. Duffy, MDAtherosclerosis is commonly called hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's Mucusless Diet Healing System.In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the "intima". In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.The earliest step in the development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the microscope as an area of fat accumulation ("fatty streak"), In addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.The second step is the arrival of white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up residence in the intima.The third step is foam-cell formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol. Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.At this stage macrophages may leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the fatty area may recede or remain stationary.The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as "collagen". The fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed. Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Hey ,

On this issue I would add another fact.....the weakness of the arterial/venule walls has to do with inadequate minerals ,,, adequate minerals allow strengthening of the vascular walls, increasing their imperviousness to the assault....one of the major areas where adequate mineralization of the body is imperative.

Sunny

Sunny Kierstyn, RN DC Fibromyalgia Care Center of Oregon 2677 Willakenzie Road, 7CEugene, Oregon, 97401541- 654-0850; Fx; 541- 654-0834www.drsunnykierstyn.com

From: drjdyson1@...Date: Fri, 30 Oct 2009 12:44:49 -0700Subject: Re: Atherosclerosis

Another issue that gets overlooked is that the walls of the arteries become weak due to lack of pulsating blood flow from exercise, allowing "cracks" to occur. The body uses cholesterol to patch-up the cracks. "Move it or lose it" applies to blood vessels too - they need that great shear stress from a pounding heart to keep their elasticity and strength!

Jamey Dyson, DC, CCWP

Advanced Chiropractic

1295 Wallace Rd NW

Salem, OR 97304

503-361-3949

drjdyson1comcast (DOT) net

On Oct 30, 2009, at 12:18 PM, Christian Mathisen wrote:

So, the smaller, sticker LDL will stick to the intima when the artery is unprotected by its supply of NO. If you have a lot of these smaller particles, especially the unnatural ones formed from trans and hydrogenated fats (yep there are "bad fats," Virginia) in the standard American Diet, you will get stuck. These fats are anaerobic in nature and when there is hypertriglyceridemia, there will be a shift to the smaller, denser, atherogenic form of LDL.

This is my conjecture of mechanism, I have no double blind study or research university to back me up. However, A high unnatural fat diet has been known to kill people. Fix the triglycerides and we see a shift in pattern.

Christian Mathisen, DC

3654 S Pacific Hwy

Medford, OR 97501

cmathdcjeffnet (DOT) org

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the "intima". In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the microscope as an area of fat accumulation ("fatty streak"), In addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol. Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as "collagen". The fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed. Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

Windows 7: It works the way you want. Learn more.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Hey ,

On this issue I would add another fact.....the weakness of the arterial/venule walls has to do with inadequate minerals ,,, adequate minerals allow strengthening of the vascular walls, increasing their imperviousness to the assault....one of the major areas where adequate mineralization of the body is imperative.

Sunny

Sunny Kierstyn, RN DC Fibromyalgia Care Center of Oregon 2677 Willakenzie Road, 7CEugene, Oregon, 97401541- 654-0850; Fx; 541- 654-0834www.drsunnykierstyn.com

From: drjdyson1@...Date: Fri, 30 Oct 2009 12:44:49 -0700Subject: Re: Atherosclerosis

Another issue that gets overlooked is that the walls of the arteries become weak due to lack of pulsating blood flow from exercise, allowing "cracks" to occur. The body uses cholesterol to patch-up the cracks. "Move it or lose it" applies to blood vessels too - they need that great shear stress from a pounding heart to keep their elasticity and strength!

Jamey Dyson, DC, CCWP

Advanced Chiropractic

1295 Wallace Rd NW

Salem, OR 97304

503-361-3949

drjdyson1comcast (DOT) net

On Oct 30, 2009, at 12:18 PM, Christian Mathisen wrote:

So, the smaller, sticker LDL will stick to the intima when the artery is unprotected by its supply of NO. If you have a lot of these smaller particles, especially the unnatural ones formed from trans and hydrogenated fats (yep there are "bad fats," Virginia) in the standard American Diet, you will get stuck. These fats are anaerobic in nature and when there is hypertriglyceridemia, there will be a shift to the smaller, denser, atherogenic form of LDL.

This is my conjecture of mechanism, I have no double blind study or research university to back me up. However, A high unnatural fat diet has been known to kill people. Fix the triglycerides and we see a shift in pattern.

Christian Mathisen, DC

3654 S Pacific Hwy

Medford, OR 97501

cmathdcjeffnet (DOT) org

Atherosclerosis

This is clearly written for the lay public but it is a great description of how atherosclerosis develops. on’s is one of my most used resources.

s. fuchs dc

http://www.arnoldehret.org/docs/ATHEROSCLEROSIS.pdf

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BY

L. Duffy, MD

Atherosclerosis is commonly called hardening of the arteries. It is the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation to the legs. We are going to examine the process whereby atherosclerosis develops and place it in the context of Arnold Ehret's Mucusless Diet Healing System.

In the famous medical textbook on's Principles of Internal Medicine (15th Edition) we find a detailed description of how atherosclerosis develops.

An artery is a flexible elastic pipe in which blood flows to various tissues. It has an inner lining called the "intima". In its healthy state it is smooth, flexible, and strong.

The earliest step in the development of atherosclerosis is the formation of the fatty streak. In the blood there are lipoproteins which carry cholesterol and fatty acids. Some will diffuse between the cells lining the inside of the artery. When these lipoprotein molecules are oxidized the structures of both cholesterol and fatty acids are modified. They have deteriorated and are not biologically useful. As they accumulate in the lining of the blood vessel you can see this under the microscope as an area of fat accumulation ("fatty streak"), In addition if the person is diabetic with elevated blood sugar, molecules of sugar can stick to other molecules in the lining of the blood vessel.

The second step is the arrival of white blood cells called monocytes. It is thought that they stick to receptors in the fatty streak. They are attracted to oxidized lipoprotein. This is analogous to a patrolling cop car stopping by the road when he sees an accident. The monocytes penetrate through the lining of the artery and take up residence in the intima.

The third step is foam-cell formation. The monocytes in the lining of the blood vessel transform into macrophages, which ingest the fatty material. The macrophages surround a portion of fatty debris with the outer cell membrane. The membrane then is pulled to the interior of the cell as a storage particle. In other words the macrophages act as scavengers collecting the deteriorated fat and cholesterol. Under the microscope these look like cells containing foamy material.

At this stage macrophages may leave the area and remove the lipid material. Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a molecule which brings cholesterol back to the liver. In this way the fatty area may recede or remain stationary.

The fourth step is the migration and proliferation of smooth-muscle cells. The artery has a layer of muscle cells. When activated by the inflammation caused by the fatty deposits and macrophages, smooth-muscle cells move into the inner lining of the artery and begin to reproduce. The smooth-muscle cells produce fibrous material known as "collagen". The fatty streak turns into a fibrous plaque. Small blood vessels are formed. Calcium is deposited. Macrophages and smooth-muscle cells die. A mature atherosclerotic plaque is composed of hardened, scarred material which causes the artery to be narrow and stiff. Heart attacks and strokes occur when blood clots form in the narrow arteries or the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures.

Windows 7: It works the way you want. Learn more.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Join the conversation

You are posting as a guest. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.
Note: Your post will require moderator approval before it will be visible.

Guest
Reply to this topic...

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.

Loading...
×
×
  • Create New...