Whole wheat may prevent breast cancer in offspring

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SOURCE: International Journal of Cancer, November 15, 2006.

http://snipurl.com/wholewheat

By Anne Harding

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - The daughters of rats that feast on whole

wheat during pregnancy are less likely to develop breast cancer, a new

study shows.

Based on the findings, " it might be beneficial to include whole wheat

in the diet when one is expecting, " Dr. Leena Hilakivi-e of

town University in Washington, DC, the study's lead author, told

Reuters Health.

Hilakivi-e and her colleagues have used rodents to evaluate a

number of dietary factors in pregnancy on offspring's health risks,

she added, for example showing that daughters of mothers fed a

high-fat diet were at greater risk of breast cancer. " The model we're

using should be relatively valid to make assumptions about what's

going on in humans, " she added.

Some researchers have suggested that fiber may reduce breast cancer

risk by bringing down levels of circulating estrogen, since the

hormone can stimulate tumor growth, she and her colleagues note in

their report. But evidence for an association between dietary fiber

and breast cancer in humans has been mixed, and animal studies suggest

that the type of fiber eaten may be a key factor.

To investigate, she and her colleagues examined the effects of feeding

pregnant rats diets containing 6 percent fiber from whole wheat flour,

oat flour, defatted flax flour, or cellulose as a control. Their

offspring were then given a breast-cancer-inducing chemical.

The rats whose mothers had been fed the whole wheat diet were less

likely to develop breast tumors, the researchers found, while those

given defatted flax flour were at increased cancer risk. Giving

mothers oat flour had no effect on their offspring's breast cancer risk.

Measurements of several markers of cell growth and death suggested

that the whole wheat might somehow improve the animals' ability to

repair DNA damage, Hilakivi-e and her team conclude in the

November in the International Journal of Cancer.

Building an understanding of how diet influences cancer risk both in

the womb and after birth could one day allow people to modify these

risks by eating-or avoiding-certain, foods, the researcher noted.

- Diane