(w/link) Vaccine (journel) Antibody titers do not correlate with protection (vaccines)

[Guest guest]

>From: Tuza2@...

ARTICLE:

What are the limits of adjuvanticity?

<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed & cmd=Search & term=%22

Del+Giudice+G%22%5BAuthor%5D>Del Giudice G,

<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed & cmd=Search & term=%22

Podda+A%22%5BAuthor%5D>Podda A,

<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed & cmd=Search & term=%22

Rappuoli+R%22%5BAuthor%5D>Rappuoli R.

" Finally, adjuvanticity is more often evaluated in terms of

antigen-specific antibody titers induced after parenteral immunization. It

is known that, in many instances, antigen-specific antibody titers do not

correlate with protection. "

************

Vaccine. 2001 Oct 15;20 Suppl 1:S38-41. PMID: 11587808

Vaccine. 2001 Oct 15;20 Suppl 1:S38-41. Related Articles, Links

Click here to read

What are the limits of adjuvanticity?

Del Giudice G, Podda A, Rappuoli R.

IRIS Research Center, Chiron SpA, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100, Siena, Italy.

Vaccines developed traditionally following empirical approaches have

often limited problems of immunogenicity, probably due to the low level of

purity of the active component(s) they contain. The application of new

technologies to vaccine development is leading to the production of purer

(e.g. recombinant) antigens which, however, tend to have a poorer

immunogenicity as compared to vaccines of the previous generation. The

search for new vaccine adjuvants involves issues related to their potential

limits. Since the introduction of aluminium salts as vaccine adjuvants more

than 70 years ago, only one adjuvant has been licensed for human use. The

development of some of these new vaccine adjuvants has been hampered by

their inacceptable reactogenicity. In addition, some adjuvants work

strongly with some antigens but not with others, thus, limiting their

potentially widespread use. The need to deliver vaccines via alternative

routes of administration (e.g. the mucosal routes) in order to enhance

their efficacy and compliance has set new requirements in basic and applied

research to evaluate their efficacy and safety. Cholera toxin (CT) and

labile enterotoxin (LT) mutants given along with intranasal or oral

vaccines are strong candidates as mucosal adjuvants. Their potential

reactogenicity is still matter of discussions, although available data

support the notion that the effects due to their binding to the cells and

those due to the enzymatic activity can be kept separated. Finally,

adjuvanticity is more often evaluated in terms of antigen-specific antibody

titers induced after parenteral immunization. It is known that, in many

instances, antigen-specific antibody titers do not correlate with

protection. In addition, very little is known on parameters of

cell-mediated immunity which could be considered as surrogates of

protection. Tailoring of new adjuvants for the development of vaccines with

improved immunogenicity/efficacy and reduced reactogenicity will represent

one of the major challenges of the ongoing vaccine-oriented research.

PMID: 11587808 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_ui

ds=11587808 & dopt=Abstract

--------------------------------------------------------

Sheri Nakken, R.N., MA, Classical Homeopath

http://www.nccn.net/~wwithin/vaccine.htm