CAD mammograpy for breast cancer Ineffective and costly

[Guest guest]

_http://www.naturalnews.com/033161_CAD_mammography_breast_cancer.html_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033161_CAD_mammography_breast_cancer.html)

_Home_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/index.html) | _About NaturalNews_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/About.html) | _Contact Us_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/Feedback.html) | _Write for NaturalNews_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/021982.html) | _Media Info_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/Index-Media.html) | _Advertise with Natural News_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/AdvertisingInformation.html)

(http://www.naturalnews.com/)

(http://naturalnews.com/readerregistration.html)

Widely used CAD mammography tool fails to find invasive breast cancer,

causes needless tests and stress

Thursday, July 28, 2011 by: S. L. Baker, features writer

Love it

0

Funny

2

OMG

2

Must read

13

Outrageous

5

123

Share

81

Facebook

40

Twitter

(http://www.naturalnews.com/z033161_CAD_mammography_breast_cancer.html)

(http://prosper.bartonpublishing.com/tracking202/redirect/dl.php?t202id=7908 & t20\

2kw=001) (NaturalNews) Computer-aided detection (CAD) technology,

which analyzes mammography images and marks suspicious areas for radiologists

to review, has been widely hyped and pushed on women as a way to insure

invasive breast cancer is spotted on mammograms. And it has grown into a

huge industry, adding millions of dollars to the cost of healthcare.

The problem is, CAD simply doesn't work -- at all. That's right. Despite

the fact CAD is now applied to the large majority of screening mammograms in

the U.S. with annual direct Medicare _costs_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/costs.html) exceeding $30 million (according to a

2010 study in the Journal

of the American College of Radiology), new _research_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/research.html) by University of California at

(UC )

scientists shows the expensive _technology_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/technology.html) is ineffective in finding breast

_tumors_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/tumors.html) .

But it does something extremely well. It _causes_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/causes.html) enormous stress by greatly increasing

a woman's risk of

being called back for more costly _testing_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/testing.html) following a CAD analyzed _mammogram_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/mammogram.html) .

The new research, just published in the Journal of the National Cancer

Institute, used data from the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium to

analyze 1.6 million _mammograms_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/mammograms.html) .

Entitled " Effectiveness of Computer-Aided Detection in Community Mammography

Practice, " the study specifically looked at _screening_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/screening.html) mammograms performed on more than

680,000 women

at 90 _mammography_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/mammography.html)

facilities in seven U.S. states, between the years of 1998 and 2006.

The _results_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/results.html) are being hailed

as the most definitive _findings_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/findings.html)

to date on whether the super popular mammography tool is effective in

locating _cancer_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/cancer.html) in the breast.

The findings? CAD is a waste of time and money.

The false-positive rate increased from 8.1 percent before CAD to 8.6

percent after CAD was installed at the medical centers in the study. What's

more, the detection rate of _breast cancer_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/breast_cancer.html) and the stage and size of

breast cancer tumors were similar

regardless of whether or not CAD was used.

" In real-world practice, CAD increases the chances of being unnecessarily

called back for further testing because of false-positive results without

clear benefits to _women_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/women.html) , "

Fenton, assistant professor in the UC Department of Family and

Community Medicine, said in a statement to the media. " Breast cancers were

detected at a similar stage and size regardless of whether or not

_radiologists_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/radiologists.html) used CAD. "

This isn't the first time the CAD technology has been questioned by

researchers. The current study follows a previous study of the computer aided

mammography tool that was published by Dr. Fenton in the New England Journal

of Medicine in 2007.

That examination of mammography screening results in 43 facilities,

including seven that used CAD, found that CAD was actually linked to reduced

accuracy of mammogram screenings and produced no difference in the detection

rate of invasive breast cancer.

" In the current study, we evaluated newer technology in a larger sample and

over a longer time period, " Fenton noted in a statement to the press. " We

also looked for the first time at cancer stage and cancer size, which are

critical for understanding how CAD may affect long-term breast cancer

outcomes, such as mortality. "

CAD software was first approved by the Food and Drug Administration back

in 1998, but its use only skyrocketed after Medicare began covering it in

2001. According to 2009 Medicare data, using CAD adds another $12 to the

costs of having a mammogram (about $81 for film mammography and $130 for

digital mammography), representing a 9 percent to 15 percent additional _cost_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/cost.html) for CAD use.

For more information:

_http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/newsro..._

(http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/newsroom/releases/)

_http://www.naturalnews.com/mammogra..._

(http://www.naturalnews.com/mammograms.html)

Stay informed! FREE subscription to the Health Ranger's email newsletter

Breaking news • Natural cures • Food safety alerts • Food discounts •

Herbal remedies • Health freedom Join two million monthly readers. Email

privacy 100% protected. Unsubscribe at any time.

Articles Related to This Article:

• _Mammograms cause breast cancer (and other cancer facts you probably

never knew)_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/010886_breast_cancer_mammograms.html)

• _Green Tea and Breast Cancer Prevention: What the Experts Say_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/025687_green_tea_breast_cancer.html)

• _Sunlight emerging as proven treatment for breast cancer, prostate

cancer and other cancers_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/009415_natural_sunlight_sunshine.html)

• _Vitamin D Halts Growth of Breast Cancer Tumors_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/025495_Vitamin_D_breast_cancer.html)

• _Interview with Barbara Brenner from Breast Cancer Action_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/027376_cancer_breast_money.html)

• _Vitamin D Recommendation Missing From Breast Cancer Task Force Report

on Black Women_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/022151_black_women_breast_cancer.html)

Related video from NaturalNews.TV

Your NaturalNews.TV video could be here.

Upload your own videos at _NaturalNews.TV_ (http://www.naturalnews.tv/)

(FREE)

Related Articles:

• _Mammograms cause breast cancer (and other cancer facts you probably

never knew)_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/010886_breast_cancer_mammograms.html)

• _Green Tea and Breast Cancer Prevention: What the Experts Say_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/025687_green_tea_breast_cancer.html)

• _Sunlight emerging as proven treatment for breast cancer, prostate

cancer and other cancers_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/009415_natural_sunlight_sunshine.html)

• _Vitamin D Halts Growth of Breast Cancer Tumors_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/025495_Vitamin_D_breast_cancer.html)

• _Interview with Barbara Brenner from Breast Cancer Action_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/027376_cancer_breast_money.html)

• _Vitamin D Recommendation Missing From Breast Cancer Task Force Report

on Black Women_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/022151_black_women_breast_cancer.html)

Take Action: Support NaturalNews.com

_Email this article to a friend_

(mailto:Enter_Email_Here?subject=Recommended article, please read & body=Check out

this great article:

http://www.NaturalNews.com/033161_CAD_mammography_breast_cancer.html

It's really interesting!)

Share this article on: _NewsVine_

(http://www.newsvine.com/_tools/seed & save?u=http://www.NaturalNews.com/033161_CA\

D_mammography_breast_cancer.html & titl

e=Widely " used " CAD " mammography " tool " fails " to " find " invasive " breast " cancer, " cau

ses " needless " tests " and " stress) | _digg_

(http://digg.com/submit?phase=2 & url=http://www.NaturalNews.com/033161_CAD_mammog\

raphy_breast_cancer.html & title=

Widely " used " CAD " mammography " tool " fails " to " find " invasive " breast " cancer, " cause

s " needless " tests " and " stress) | _del.icio.us_

(http://del.icio.us/post?url=http://www.NaturalNews.com/033161_CAD_mammography_b\

reast_cancer.html & title=Wi

dely " used " CAD " mammography " tool " fails " to " find " invasive " breast " cancer, " causes "

needless " tests " and " stress)

Permalink to this article:

http://www.NaturalNews.com/033161_CAD_mammography_breast_cancer.html

Reprinting this article: Non-commercial use OK, cite NaturalNews.com with

clickable link.

Embed article link: (copy HTML code below):

<a href =

" http://www.NaturalNews.com/033161_CAD_mammography_breast_cancer.html " >Widely

used CAD mammography tool fails to find invasive breast cancer,

causes needless tests and stress</a>

Most Popular Today | Week | Month | Year

* _Consolidation of seed companies leading to corporate domination

of world food supply_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033148_seed_companies_Monsanto.html)

* _No longer deniable: Under runaway debt burden, America's

currency is headed for total collapse_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033135_national_debt_financial_collapse.html)

* _May I Be ? Stunning new film documents the food-powered

life transformation of a 54-year-old Brooklyn man_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033147_May_I_Be__documentary.html)

* _Widely used CAD mammography tool fails to find invasive breast

cancer, causes needless tests and stress_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033161_CAD_mammography_breast_cancer.html)

* _New research reveals how natural health approach, not Big

Pharma, can prevent more than half of all Alzheimer's cases_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033145_Alzheimers_prevention.html)

* _Why you need to purify your indoor air and how to do it_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033143_indoor_air_purification.html)

* _The debt ceiling fiasco: It's not about compromise; it's about

principle_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/033149_debt_ceiling_compromise.html)

* _Japan's never ending nuclear nightmare_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033138_Japan_nuclear_nightmare.html)

* _Amazing food facts: The seed of a peach contains an almond-like

nut containing the anti-cancer medicine laetrile_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033123_laetrile_vitamin_B17.html)

* _Coconut Water is wrongfully attacked_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033137_coconut_water_health.html)

* _Try this effective, less dangerous and less time consuming

fitness program_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/033156_fitness_exercise.html)

* _Vitamin D deficiency causes mental disorders in children_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033144_vitamin_D_deficiency_mental_disorders.html)

* _Monsanto Nation: Taking Down Goliath_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033155_Monsanto_Goliath.html)

* _The incredible health transformation of Ferrante

(documentary)_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033160_May_I_Be__personal_transformation.html)

* _Miracle-Gro to sell special nutrient formulations for growing

marijuana_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/033136_Miracle-Gro_marijuana.html)

* _A real Planet of the Apes? UK scientists secretly grew

human-animal hybrids in laboratory experiments_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033100_human-animal_hybrids_Planet_of_the_Apes.html)

* _Amazing food facts: The seed of a peach contains an almond-like

nut containing the anti-cancer medicine laetrile_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033123_laetrile_vitamin_B17.html)

* _NaturalNews releases downloadable report on resveratrol that

reveals stunning medical secrets of this miracle nutrient_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033089_resveratrol_Biotivia.html)

* _No longer deniable: Under runaway debt burden, America's

currency is headed for total collapse_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033135_national_debt_financial_collapse.html)

* _Spontaneous social media revolution erupts, thousands say 'f* & %

you' to Washington_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033134_social_revolution_Washington.html)

* _TSA introduces breast cancer screening procedure as new benefit

of airport security pat-downs (satire)_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033112_TSA_pat-downs_breast_cancer_screening.html)

* _Consolidation of seed companies leading to corporate domination

of world food supply_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033148_seed_companies_Monsanto.html)

* _Study: Drinking diet soda actually causes weight gain, blood

sugar spikes_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/033110_diet_soda_weight_gain.html)

* _Cookware chemical linked to causing arthritis_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033120_arthritis_cookware_chemicals.html)

* _No felony charges to be filed against American hero who gave TSA

agent an 'enhanced' pat down_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033087_enhanced_pat_down_TSA.html)

* _May I Be ? Stunning new film documents the food-powered

life transformation of a 54-year-old Brooklyn man_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033147_May_I_Be__documentary.html)

* _Clear vision: Two principles for eye rejuvenation_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033095_eye_rejuvenation_Oriental_Medicine.html)

* _Gates Foundation partner forces vaccines on Malawian children at

gunpoint, arrests parents_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033119_vaccinations_gunpoint.html)

* _What happened and what do we face in Fukushima?_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033083_Fukushima_nuclear_detonation.html)

* _Scientists find a mass of synthetic chemicals in every glass of

milk_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/033075_milk_chemical_contamination.html)

* _US government openly admits arming Mexican drug gangs with

30,000 firearms - but why?_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032934_ATF_illegal_firearms.html)

* _FDA unleashes end game scheme to outlaw virtually all dietary

supplements formulated after 1994_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032912_FDA_dietary_supplements.html)

* _7 surprising things you're not supposed to know about sunscreen

and sunlight exposure_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032815_sunscreen_chemicals.html)

* _A real Planet of the Apes? UK scientists secretly grew

human-animal hybrids in laboratory experiments_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033100_human-animal_hybrids_Planet_of_the_Apes.html)

* _Food freedom alert: Bureaucrats in Michigan threaten woman with

jail time for planting vegetable garden in her own yard_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032960__Bass_home_gardening.html)

* _Burzynski documentary reveals true agenda of FDA and cancer

industry to destroy cancer cures that really work_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032998_Burzynski_cancer_cures.html)

* _Amazing food facts: The seed of a peach contains an almond-like

nut containing the anti-cancer medicine laetrile_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033123_laetrile_vitamin_B17.html)

* _FDA's scheme to outlaw nearly all nutritional supplements

created after 1994 would destroy millions of jobs and devastate economy_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032924_dietary_supplements_FDA_approval.html)

* _Fresh meat versus processed meat: Here's why it matters_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032890_red_meat_food_additives.html)

* _Anti-foaming agent found in Chicken McNuggets_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032820_Chicken_McNuggets_ingredients.html)

* _Scientists find a mass of synthetic chemicals in every glass of

milk_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/033075_milk_chemical_contamination.html)

* _Murdoch's media malpractice and the genetic altering of human

beings through DNA vaccines_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033062_Rupert_Murdoch__Wakefield.html)

* _Bill Gates in global push to vaccinate every child on the

planet_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/032900_Bill_Gates_vaccinations.html)

* _Are you eating pesticides? Canola oil, soybean oil used as key

ingredients in pesticide products_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032853_canola_oil_pesticides.html)

* _The top 20 foods for reversing type-2 diabetes_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032959_type-2_diabetes_foods.html)

* _Forensic evidence emerges that European e.coli superbug was

bioengineered to produce human fatalities_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032622_ecoli_bioengineering.html)

* _14 signs that the collapse of our modern world has already

begun_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/032258_economic_collapse_2012.html)

* _7 surprising things you're not supposed to know about sunscreen

and sunlight exposure_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032815_sunscreen_chemicals.html)

* _FDA finally admits chicken meat contains cancer-causing arsenic

(but keep eating it, yo!)_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032659_arsenic_chicken.html)

* _Anti-foaming agent found in Chicken McNuggets_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032820_Chicken_McNuggets_ingredients.html)

* _CDC warns Americans to prepare for zombie apocalypse (really)_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032454_zombie_apocalypse_CDC.html)

* _Japan not hit by 9.0 quake? False flag nuclear weaponry actually

destroyed Fukushima, claims report_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032692_Fukushima_earthquake.html)

* _True fact: A common ingredient in commercial breads is derived

from human hair harvested in China_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032718_L-cysteine_commercial_bread.html)

* _Fukushima radiation taints US milk supplies at levels 2000

percent higher than EPA maximums_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032048_radiation_milk.html)

* _New NASA research points to possible HAARP connection in Japan

earthquake, tsunami_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/032670_Fukushima_HAARP.html)

* _USDA fines family up to four million dollars for selling bunny

rabbits_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/032476_rabbits_USDA.html)

* _US government openly admits arming Mexican drug gangs with

30,000 firearms - but why?_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032934_ATF_illegal_firearms.html)

* _FDA unleashes end game scheme to outlaw virtually all dietary

supplements formulated after 1994_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032912_FDA_dietary_supplements.html)

* _Europeans warned to avoid drinking milk or eating vegetables due

to high radiation levels_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032050_radioactive_food_nuclear_radiation.html)

* _The gullible mind explained_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032293_gullible_minds.html)

_See all Top Headlines..._ (http://www.naturalnews.com/HeadlinesNews.html)

(FREE) Thursday evening, Jul. 28 at 6pm Pacific (9pm Eastern), the

NaturalNews Talk Hour presents " Homeopathy - Natural Healthcare Solutions " with

Aspinwall. Simply enter your email address (below) to receive the

call-in details:

Enter Your Email:

(http://store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100370) The

NaturalNews Store

Huge discounts on supplements, raw foods, botanicals and healthly personal

care products. Save up to 50%! _Click here to see the current sale items_

(http://store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100370%20)

(http://www.storableorganics.com/) Health Ranger Storable Organics

GMO-free, chemical-free foods and superfoods for long-term storage and

preparedness. Bulk pricing! Shipping immediately. See selection at

_www.StorableOrganics.com_ (http://www.storableorganics.com/)

(http://www.naturalnews.com/report_Nutrition_Health_America_0.html) Nutrition

Can Save America

FREE online report shows how we can save America through a nutrition

health care revolution. " Eating healthy is patriotic! " _Click here to read it

now..._ (http://www.naturalnews.com/report_Nutrition_Health_America_0.html)

Also on NaturalNews:

• _Health Ranger Videos_ (http://www.naturalnews.tv/HealthRanger)

• _Activist music_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/index-music.html)

• _CounterThink Cartoons_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/index-Cartoons.html)

• _Food documentaries_ (http://www.foodinvestigations.com/)

• _FREE Special Reports_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/index-specialreports.html)

• _Podcasts_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/index-podcasts.html)

NaturalNews Store Specials

_Coconut Sugar (organic crystalized sap) at 36% off._

(http://store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100370)

_Vitamin B-12 energy patch (methylcobalamin) at 57% off._

(http://store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100370)

_Organic cashews at 38% off_

(http://store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100370)

_Organic goji berries at 37% off_

(http://store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100370)

_MSM capsules at 40% off_

(http://store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100370)

_Organic raw wild jungle peanuts at 44% off_

(http://store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100370)

_See all NaturalNews Store specials..._

(http://store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100370)

(http://www.wellnessresources.com/supplements/thyroid_helpernn.php)

(http://m231g.mikegeary1.hop.clickbank.net/?tid=nn125eggsjuly)

(http://www.jonbarron.org/natural-health/book-two-free-downloads?src=NNJulyHea)

(http://www.on2url.com/app/adtrack.asp?MerchantID=89261 & AdID=560878)

(http://www.superberries.com/aroniaberry-101/health-benefits/natural_news)

(http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/oxy-powder.php?ref=nn)

(http://www.thenoblerexk1.com/nn4)

(http://www.purestcolloids.com/?utm_source=NaturalNews & utm_medium=referral & utm_c\

ampaign=decwebsite & partner=16)

(http://www.type2solution.com/en/home.php) (http://www.directive21.com/)

(http://www.amoils.com/skin-tags-removal.html?utm_source=naturalnews-125tags-jan\

11 & utm_medium=ban

ner & utm_content=skin-tags-125)

(http://www.on2url.com/app/adtrack.asp?MerchantID=78900 & AdID=559101)

_Advertise with NaturalNews..._

(http://www.naturalnews.com/AdvertisingInformation.html)

Support NaturalNews Sponsors:

(http://www.amoils.com/mole-removal.html?utm_source=naturalnews-125-moles-below-\

jan11 & utm_medium=banner & utm_content=mo

les-below125)

(http://m231g.thedsp.hop.clickbank.net/?page=burnfat3 & tid=dspnn125july)

(http://www.wellnessresources.com/health_topics/womens-nutrition-nn.php)

(http://maxworkouts.com/?utm_source=naturalnews & utm_medium=banner-125 & utm_term=h\

ome-pg & utm_content=women & utm_campaign=2011-july)

(http://www.earthsourceorganics.com/) (http://beprepared.com/natural)

(http://www.integratedhealth.com/naturalnews/default.html?utm_source=natNews & utm

_medium=paidAds & utm_campaign=rejuvPlus)

(http://www.stonewaterstudio.com/Pain_Relief_CMT.php)

(http://landing.easyhealthoptions.com/l

anding/cardiobook/six-deadly-heart-treatment-deceptions-EIHB_LG04.asp?eoid= & SC=E\

01187696)

(http://landing.truehealth.com/products/advanced-artery-solution-ii/signup/TIA_L\

G01.asp?SC=TIA1009) _Advertise with NaturalNews..._

(http://www.naturalnews.com/AdvertisingInformation.html)

(http://www.naturalnews.com/032766_cyanocobalamin_vitamin_B-12.html)

(http://store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100432)

(http://

store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100151_100413)

(http://programs.webseed.com/Be_Prepared_Not_Scared_Financial_Preparedness.htm)

(http://store.naturalnews.com/index.php?main_page=index & cPath=100432)

This site is part of the Natural News Network © 2011 All Rights

Reserved. _Privacy_ (http://www.naturalnews.com/PrivacyPolicy.html) | _Terms_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/Terms.html) All content posted on this site is

commentary or opinion and is protected under Free Speech. Truth Publishing

International, LTD. is not responsible for content written by contributing

authors. The information on this site is provided for educational and

entertainment purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for

professional advice of any kind. Truth Publishing assumes no responsibility for

the

use or misuse of this material. Your use of this website indicates your

agreement to these terms and _those published here_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/Terms.html) . All trademarks, registered trademarks

and servicemarks

mentioned on this site are the property of their respective owners.

Learn more:

_http://www.naturalnews.com/033161_CAD_mammography_breast_cancer.html#ixzz1TPf10\

vIk_

(http://www.naturalnews.com/033161_CAD_mammography_breast_cancer.html#ixzz1TPf10\

vIk)